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Castro R, Gabriel G, Gabriel D, Gamisans X, Guimerà X. Development of a flow-cell bioreactor for immobilized sulfidogenic sludge characterization using electrochemical H 2S microsensors. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:141959. [PMID: 38608772 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The sulfate-reduction process plays a crucial role in the biological valorization of SOx gases. However, a complete understanding of the sulfidogenic process in bioreactors is limited by the lack of technologies for characterizing the sulfate-reducing activity of immobilized biomass. In this work, we propose a flow-cell bioreactor (FCB) for characterizing sulfate-reducing biomass using H2S microsensors to monitor H2S production in real-time within a biofilm. To replace natural immobilization through extracellular polymeric substance production, sulfidogenic sludge was artificially immobilized using polymers. Physical and sulfate-reducing activity studies were performed to select a polymer-biomass matrix that maintained sulfate-reducing activity of biomass while providing strong microbial retention and mechanical strength. Several operational conditions of the sulfidogenic reactor allowed to obtain a H2S profiles under different inlet sulfate loads and, additionally, 3D mapping was assessed in order to perform a hydraulic characterization. Besides, the effects of artificial immobilization on biodiversity were investigated through the characterization of microbial communities. This study demonstrated the appropriateness of immobilized-biomass for characterization of sulfidogenic biomass in FCB using H2S electrochemical microsensors, and beneficial microbiological communities shifts as well as enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria have been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Castro
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Research Group on Intelligent and Sustainable Resources and Industries (RIIS), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242, Manresa, Spain
| | - Gemma Gabriel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER, de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), ISCIII, Spain
| | - David Gabriel
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Gamisans
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Research Group on Intelligent and Sustainable Resources and Industries (RIIS), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242, Manresa, Spain
| | - Xavier Guimerà
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Research Group on Intelligent and Sustainable Resources and Industries (RIIS), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242, Manresa, Spain.
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Zheng Y, Song H, Chen Q, Hou Y, Zhang X, Han S. Comparing biofilm reactors inoculated with Shewanella for decolorization of Reactive Black 5 using different carrier materials. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300299. [PMID: 37909408 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the performance of biofilm reactors inoculated with azo dye degrading Shewanella for the decolorization of Reactive Black 5 (RB5), using three different carrier materials, namely almond shell biochar, moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), and polypropylene carrier (PPC). The reactors were fed with low-nutrient artificial wastewater containing RB5, and all three carriers showed good RB5 decolorization performance, with varying efficiencies. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed distinct RB5 degradation pathways associated with each carrier, influenced by carrier materials and microbial communities. The MBBR carrier exhibited good stability due to its rough surface and microbial aggregates. Sequencing results highlighted differences in the microbial community structures among the carriers. Shewanella predominated the functional bacteria in the MBBR and PPC carriers, while the biochar carrier fostered highly efficient degrading microbial communities. The physicochemical properties of carrier materials significantly influenced the microbial community and RB5 degradation efficiency. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing biofilm reactors for dye-containing wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Zheng
- Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haihong Song
- Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianfei Chen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Foshan Institute of Environment and Energy Research, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Songlei Han
- Sponge Center, Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
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Lamon AW, Faria Maciel PM, Campos JR, Corbi JJ, Dunlop PSM, Fernandez-Ibañez P, Anthony Byrne J, Sabogal-Paz LP. Household slow sand filter efficiency with schmutzdecke evaluation by microsensors. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:4042-4053. [PMID: 34092193 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1939795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Slow sand filtration is a common technology providing potable water in rural households across Latin America, Asia and Africa. Two PVC household slow sand filters (HSSF) were operated in continuous (C-HSSF) and intermittent (I-HSSF) flow modes for eight consecutive months. A non-woven blanket was installed on the fine sand top to facilitate cleaning with scheduled maintenance undertaken every 30 days. The efficiency of each HSSF was evaluated via physico-chemical indicators (reduction of turbidity and colour) with biological performance assessed via total coliform and E. coli enumeration post treatment. There were no statistically significant differences between the continuous flow and intermittent flow models for physical-chemical and total coliform reduction parameters. However, when evaluating E. coli, C-HSSF performed better (p = 0.02). The non-woven blanket was subjected to weekly analysis using a Clark-type amperometric microsensor (diameter < 20 µm), which measured dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the adherent biofilm. DO microprofiles illustrated a variation in biofilm growth, which were associated with a progressive increase in the HSSF efficiency. The maximum DO depletion value measured during several months of operation showed no significant difference between I-HSSF and C-HSSF (p = 0.98). The microsensor measurements provided unprecedented results in real time. These results can help to understand the efficiency of the filter in relation to the biofilm growth, the dissolved oxygen depletion and turbidity removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Wagner Lamon
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcos Faria Maciel
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Campos
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano José Corbi
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pilar Fernandez-Ibañez
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, UK
| | - John Anthony Byrne
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, UK
| | - Lyda Patricia Sabogal-Paz
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Baker BR, Mohamed R, Al-Gheethi A, Aziz HA. Advanced technologies for poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment: A systematic review. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1721007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bakar Radhi Baker
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
- Department of Structures and Water Resources, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Radin Mohamed
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
| | - Adel Al-Gheethi
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
| | - Hamidi Abdul Aziz
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
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Hajsardar M, Borghei SM, Hassani AH, Takdastan A. Improving Wastewater Nitrogen Removal and Reducing Effluent NOx - -N by an Oxygen-Limited Process Consisting of a Sequencing Batch Reactor and a Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2018-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of reactors including a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) were used for nitrogen removal. The aim of this study was simultaneous removal of NH4+-N and NOx–-N from synthetic wastewater. In the novel proposed method, the effluent from SBR was sequentially introduced into SBBR, which contained 0.030 m3 biofilm carriers, so the system operated under a paired sequence of aerobic-anoxic conditions. The effects of different carbon sources and aeration conditions were investigated. A low dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the biofilm depth of the fixed-bed process (SBBR) simulated the anoxic phase conditions. Accordingly, a portion of NH4+-N that was not converted to NO3–-N by the SBR process was converted to NO3–-N in the outer layer of the biofilm in the SBBR process. Further, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) was achieved in the SBBR where NO2–-N was converted to N2 directly, before NO3–-N conversion (partial nitrification). The level of mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) was 2740 mg/l at the start of the experiments. The required carbon source (C: N ratio of 4) was provided by adding an internal carbon source (through step feeding) or ethanol. Firstly, as part of the system (SBR and SBBR), SBR operated at a DO level of 1 mg/l while SBBR operated at a DO concentration of 0.3 mg/l during Run-1. During Run-2, the system operated at the low DO concentration of 0.3 mg/l. When the source of carbon was ethanol, the nitrogen removal rate (RN) was higher than the operation with an internal carbon source. When the reactors were operated at the same DO concentration of 0.3 mg/l, 99.1 % of the ammonium was removed. The NO3–-N produced during the aerobic SBR operation of the novel method was removed in SBBR reactor by 8.3 %. The concentrations of NO3--N and NO2–-N in the SBBR effluent were reduced to 2.5 and 5.5 mg/l, respectively. Also, the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency was 97.5 % by adding ethanol at the DO level of 0.3 mg/l.
When C:N adjustment was carried out SND efficiency at C:N ratio of 6.5 reached to 99 %. The increasing nitrogen loading rate (NLR) to 0.554 kg N/m3 d decreased SND efficiency to 80.7 %.
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