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Rehman A, Naeem A, Ahmad I, Fozia F, Almutairi MH, Aslam M, Israr M, Almutairi BO, Ullah Z. Synthesis of Plant-Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Optimization of Chemically Modified Activated Carbon Adsorbents for Removal of As, Pb, and Cd Ions from Wastewater. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:317-329. [PMID: 38222602 PMCID: PMC10785089 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This research study was designed with the aim to prepare plant extract-mediated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and different chemically modified carbon adsorbents from the Parthenium hysterophorus plant and then optimize the carbon adsorbents by evaluating their adsorption applications in wastewater for the selected metal ions like arsenic (As3+), lead (Pb2+), and cadmium (Cd2+). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique was used to highlight functional groups in plant-mediated IONPs and chemically modified carbon adsorbents. A scanning electron microscopy study was conducted to explain the surface morphology of the adsorbents. Energy-dispersive X-rays was used for elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction for particle size and crystallinity of the adsorbents. From the study, it was found that the best optimum conditions were pH = 5-6, initial concentration of adsorbate of 10 mg/L, dose of adsorbent of 0.01 g, contact time of 90-120 min of adsorbent and adsorbate, and temperature of 25 °C. At optimum conditions, the adsorption capacities of IONPs for arsenic (As) 144.7 mg/g, lead (Pb) 128.01 mg/g, and cadmium (Cd) ions 122.1 mg/g were recorded. The activated carbon at optimum conditions showed adsorption capacities of 46.35 mg/g for As, 121.95 mg/g for Pb, and 113.25 mg/g for Cd ion. At equilibrium, Langmuir, Freundlich Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms were applied on the experimental adsorption data having the best R2 values (0.973-0.999) by the Langmuir isotherm. High-correlation coefficient R2 values (0.996-0.999) were obtained from the pseudo-second-order for all cases, showing that the adsorption process proceeds through pseudo second-order kinetics. The apparent adsorption energy E value was in the range of 0.24-2.36 kJ/mol. The adsorption capacity of regenerated IONPs for As gradually decreased from 144.8 to 45.67 mg/g, for lead 128.15 to 41.65 mg/g, and cadmium from 122.10 to 31.20 mg/g in 5 consecutive cycles. The study showed that the synthesized IONPs and acid-activated carbon adsorbent were successfully used to remove selected metal ions from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rehman
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Naeem
- National
Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Fozia
- Biochemistry
Department, Khyber Medical University Institute
of Dental Sciences, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology
Department, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madeeha Aslam
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Bader O. Almutairi
- Zoology
Department, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zia Ullah
- College
of Professional Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Yin Z, Liu S, Tian Z, Zhao X, He J, Wang C. Carbon-based nanomaterials mediated adsorption and photodegradation of typical organic contaminants in aqueous fulvic acid solution. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:1863-1874. [PMID: 37831001 PMCID: wst_2023_300 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the formation of carbon-based nanomaterials-fulvic acid (CNMs-FA) composites and their capacities for the adsorption and photodegradation of typical organic contaminants in aqueous solutions were investigated. The results suggested that the formation of CNMs-FA composites was dominated by adsorbing FA on CNMs via the physisorption process, which fit the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The formed CNMs-FA composites were characterized by using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy techniques and further applied for examining their effects on the adsorption and photodegradation of selected organic contaminants in aqueous solutions. The adsorption of organic contaminants on CNMs-FA composites is mainly involved in hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between organic contaminants and FA species adhering to CNMs. In addition, the CNMs-FA composites are able to promote the photosensitive degradation of organic contaminants due to the photogenerated reactive species including ROS and CNMs-3FA* under sunlight irradiation. This study provided a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the environmental behavior of CNMs in real natural surface water and clarified the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China E-mail:
| | - Siyu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham-Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
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