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Hachisu Y, Tamura K, Murakami K, Fujita J, Watanabe H, Tanabe Y, Kuronuma K, Kubota T, Oshima K, Maruyama T, Kasahara K, Nishi J, Abe S, Nakamura M, Kubota M, Hirai S, Ishioka T, Ikenoue C, Fukusumi M, Sunagawa T, Suzuki M, Akeda Y, Oishi K. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease among adults in Japan during 2014-2018. Infection 2022; 51:355-364. [PMID: 35902511 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease (IHD) among adults in Japan. METHODS Data for 200 adult IHD patients in 2014-2018 were analyzed. The capsular type of H. influenzae was determined by bacterial agglutination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) was identified by PCR. RESULTS The annual incidence of IHD (cases per 100,000 population) was 0.12 for age 15-64 years and 0.88 for age ≥ 65 years in 2018. The median age was 77 years, and 73.5% were aged ≥ 65 years. About one-fourth of patients were associated with immunocompromising condition. The major presentations were pneumonia, followed by bacteremia, meningitis and other than pneumonia or meningitis (other diseases). The case fatality rate (CFR) was 21.2% for all cases, and was significantly higher in the ≥ 65-year group (26.1%) than in the 15-64-year group (7.5%) (p = 0.013). The percentage of cases with pneumonia was significantly higher in the ≥ 65-year group than in the 15-64-year group (p < 0.001). The percentage of cases with bacteremia was significantly higher in the 15-64-year group than in the ≥ 65-year group (p = 0.027). Of 200 isolates, 190 (95.0%) were NTHi strains, and the other strains were encapsulated strains. 71 (35.5%) were resistant to ampicillin, but all were susceptible to ceftriaxone. CONCLUSION The clinical presentations of adult IHD patients varied widely; about three-fourths of patients were age ≥ 65 years and their CFR was high. Our findings support preventing strategies for IHD among older adults, including the development of NTHi vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Hachisu
- Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chiba, Japan
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tamura
- Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1, Nakataikouyama, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan
| | - Koichi Murakami
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Fujita
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata Prefectural Shibata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koji Kuronuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kengo Oshima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Kei Kasahara
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Junichiro Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichi Abe
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakamura
- Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1, Nakataikouyama, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan
| | - Mayumi Kubota
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hirai
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisei Ishioka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ikenoue
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munehisa Fukusumi
- Field Epidemiology Training Program, Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomimasa Sunagawa
- Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1, Nakataikouyama, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan.
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