Recent Developments in the Asymmetric Detrifluoroacetylative Reactions of in situ Generated Mono-Fluorinated Enolates

Divergent Reaction of Activated Pyridines with α,α-Difluorinated gem-Diols: Regioselective Synthesis of gem-Difluorinated Dihydropyridines and Dihydropyridones

The nucleophilic reactivity of α,α-difluorinated gem-diols toward activated pyridinium salts has been capitalized in a highly regioselective fashion, offering biologically relevant 1,4-dihydropyridines and 3,4-dihydro-2-pyridones adorned with the valuable gem-difluoromethylene motif. The protocol is scalable as well as high yielding and accommodates a broad range of substrates and functional groups. Additionally, the synthesis of difluorinated oxa-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane frameworks has been showcased through product diversification.

Synthesis of oxindoles bearing a stereogenic 3-fluorinated carbon center from 3-fluorooxindoles

3,3-Disubstituted oxindoles bearing a stereogenic 3-fluorinated carbon center are privileged structural motifs present in many bioactive molecules. The straightforward functionalization of 3-fluorooxindoles constitutes a powerful method for the synthesis of 3-fully substituted 3-fluorooxindoles, taking advantage of the ease of preparation of 3-fluorooxindoles with different substitution patterns and the atom efficiency of chemical reactions. In the past decade, many papers have appeared on the synthesis of 3-fully substituted 3-fluorooxindoles from 3-fluorooxindoles. Importantly, many asymmetric catalytic methods have been developed for the enantioselective synthesis of these valuable compounds. This review summarizes the achievements in this area, and overviews synthetic opportunities that still exist.