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Xue M, Yang C, Huang W, He Y, Yang C, Xue Y, Zheng Y, Diao X, Wang X. Pharmacokinetics and metabolite identification of 23-hydroxybetulinic acid in rats by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1234:124016. [PMID: 38266610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
23-hydroxybetulinic acid (23-HA), a main bioactive component isolated from Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, exhibits various pharmacological activities, such as antimelanoma, antileukemia, anti-colon cancer, and antihepatotoxicity. Although the main active ingredient anemoside B4 (AB4) from this plant has been well studied, research on its active metabolite 23-HA is limited. In the present study, a validated HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method was established for the quantification of 23-HA in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetics analysis showed that the absorption and elimination of 23-HA in rats were rapid, with an oral bioavailability as 12.9 %. After oral administration with 50 mg/kg 23-HA for SD rats, the plasma, urine, feces, and bile samples were collected and analyzed by UPLC-Q Exactive Plus MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. Seventeen metabolites of 23-HA were identified, and its major metabolic pathways included oxidation, hydration, sulfation, and glucuronidation. This study highlights the first detailed investigation of 23-HA's pharmacokinetics in rats along with its metabolism in vivo, and will provide robust evidence for further research and clinical application of 23-HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wensi Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yifei He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yaru Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuandong Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Xingxing Diao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiachang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
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Wang W, Chen C, Luo J, Tang C, Zheng Y, Yan S, Yuan Y, Zhu M, Diao X, Hang T, Wang H. Metabolism investigation of the peptide-drug conjugate LN005 in rats using UHPLCHRMS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115860. [PMID: 37979524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
LN005, as a peptide-drug conjugate (PDC), is a conjugate of the homing peptide VAP and doxorubicin (DOX). The exceptional targeting ability of the homing peptide VAP is directed toward glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), a highly expressed protein primarily found in the endoplasmic reticulum of various solid tumors. However, there are limited reports regarding the metabolism of peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), and the in vivo metabolism of LN005 has yet to be investigated. After intravenous injection of 18 mg/kg LN005 in SD rats, biological samples including plasma, urine, fecal, and bile samples, were collected and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). A total of 11 possible metabolites of LN005 were identified. Unchanged LN005 was found to be the main component in rat blood and urine, accounting for 46.46% and 63.79% of the total peak areas, respectively. M1057 was the most abundant metabolite in feces, accounting for 57.65% of the total peak area. Only one metabolite, M398, was identified in rat bile. The metabolism of LN005 is closely related to DOX, and the primary metabolic pathways involved oxidative deamination or hydrolysis, reductive glycosidic cleavage, hydrolytic glycosidic cleavage, and dehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chong Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Whittlong Pharmaceutical Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yuandong Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Yuan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xingxing Diao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Taijun Hang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Shanghai Whittlong Pharmaceutical Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China; National Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China.
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