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Mahalingam D, Carew JS, Espitia CM, Cool RH, Giles FJ, de Jong S, Nawrocki ST. Heightened JNK Activation and Reduced XIAP Levels Promote TRAIL and Sunitinib-Mediated Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070895. [PMID: 31248045 PMCID: PMC6678293 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent inducer of apoptosis that may be a promising agent in cancer therapy due to its selectivity toward tumor cells. However, many cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL due to defects in apoptosis signaling or activation of survival pathways. We hypothesized that a disruption of pro-survival signaling cascades with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib would be an effective strategy to enhance TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that sunitinib significantly augments the anticancer activity of TRAIL in models of colon cancer. The therapeutic benefit of the TRAIL/sunitinib combination was associated with increased apoptosis marked by enhanced caspase-3 cleavage and DNA fragmentation. Overexpression of the anti-apoptotic factor B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) in HCT116 cells reduced TRAIL/sunitinib-mediated apoptosis, further supporting that sunitinib enhances the anticancer activity of TRAIL via augmented apoptosis. Analysis of pro-survival factors identified that the combination of TRAIL and sunitinib significantly downregulated the anti-apoptotic protein X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated mechanism. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of JNK confirmed its key role in the regulation of sensitivity to this combination as cells with suppressed JNK expression exhibited significantly reduced TRAIL/sunitinib-mediated apoptosis. Importantly, the therapeutic benefit of the TRAIL/sunitinib combination was validated in the HCT116-Luc and HCT15 colon cancer xenograft models, which both demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity in response to combination treatment. Collectively, our data demonstrate that sunitinib enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by heightened JNK activation, diminished XIAP levels, and augmented apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devalingam Mahalingam
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Carew
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Claudia M Espitia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Robbert H Cool
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Francis J Giles
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Steven de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Steffan T Nawrocki
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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2
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Wang Z, Yu B, Wang B, Yan J, Feng X, Wang Z, Wang L, Zhang H, Wu H, Wu J, Kong W, Yu X. A novel capsid-modified oncolytic recombinant adenovirus type 5 for tumor-targeting gene therapy by intravenous route. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47287-47301. [PMID: 27323824 PMCID: PMC5216942 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus (Ad)-vectored gene therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, the lack of cancer cell selectivity or tumor tissue specificity of Ads limits their clinical application by intravenous (IV) injection. In this paper, a novel recombinant Ad5 vector was constructed carrying the capsid protein IX modified by the tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which targets tumor cells bearing high levels of its receptor far above those of normal cells. Specific association of the Ad virion with TRAIL was achieved using synthetic leucine zipper-like dimerization domains (zippers). Analysis of the chemical properties of the modified recombinant Ad (rAd5pz-zTRAIL-RFP) showed that the TRAIL protein was present on the surface of purified virus particles, and it could induce apoptosis of infected cancer cells prior to expression of foreign genes. We also constructed a novel modified recombinant oncolytic Ad (rAd5pz-zTRAIL-RFP-SΔ24E1a) which showed significantly enhanced anti-tumor effects both in vitro and in vivo by linkage of TRAIL to the viral capsid. Moreover, rAd5pz-zTRAIL-RFP-SΔ24E1a showed significantly improved tumor tissue targeting and reduced liver tropism when IV injected in vivo. Thus, we successfully obtained new oncolytic Ad5 gene therapy vectors with enhanced targeting and efficacy, providing a platform for further clinical application of Ad vectors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Baoming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jingyi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Lizheng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Haihong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hui Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xianghui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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3
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Kim JY, Kim YM, Park JM, Han YM, Lee KC, Hahm KB, Hong S. Cancer preventive effect of recombinant TRAIL by ablation of oncogenic inflammation in colitis-associated cancer rather than anticancer effect. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1705-1716. [PMID: 29416724 PMCID: PMC5788592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in inducing apoptosis is a hallmark in cancer therapeutics, after which its selective ability to achieve cell death pathways against cancer cells led to hope for recombinant TRAIL in cancer therapeutics. The present data from azoxymethane-initiated, dextran sulfate sodium-promoted colitis associated cancer (CAC) model strongly indicate the potential of rTRAIL in cancer prevention rather than in cancer therapeutics. Early treatment of rTRAIL significantly reduced colitis and CAC by inhibiting the recruitment of macrophages into the damaged mucosa and activating the scavenger activity with efferocytosis and the production of several growth factors. In contrast, late administration of rTRAIL as for anti-cancer effect did not decrease the initiation and development of CAC at all. Significant cancer preventing mechanisms of rTRAIL were identified. In the CAC model, anti-inflammation, regeneration, and efferocytosis was induced by treatment of TRAIL for 6 days, significant inhibitory activity was evident at 4 weeks and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory induction were noted at 12 weeks. Most importantly, TRAIL promoted tissue regeneration by enhancing the resolution of pathological inflammation through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. The results indicate that TRAIL reduces the induction of colitis and the initiation of CAC by inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling and promoting tissue repair to maintain intestinal homeostasis through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, TRAIL can be used as a chemopreventive agent against CAC, rather than as a therapeutic drug endowing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Cancer Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Min Han
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Cancer Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kang Choon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Cancer Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Suntaek Hong
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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4
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Guo L, Sun X, Hao Z, Huang J, Han X, You Y, Li Y, Shen M, Ozawa T, Kishi H, Muraguchi A, Jin A. Identification of Novel Epitopes with Agonistic Activity for the Development of Tumor Immunotherapy Targeting TRAIL-R1. J Cancer 2017; 8:2542-2553. [PMID: 28900492 PMCID: PMC5595084 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor-1/2 (TRAIL-R1/R2), also known as death receptors, are expressed in a wide variety of tumor cells. Although TRAIL can induce cell apoptosis by engaging its cognate TRAIL-R1/R2, some tumor cells are or become resistant to TRAIL treatment. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against TRAIL-R1/R2 have been developed to use as potential antitumor therapeutic agents instead of TRAIL. However, TRAIL-R1/R2-based tumor therapy has not yet been realized. We previously generated a series of fully human monoclonal antibodies against TRAIL-R1 (TR1-mAbs) that induced tumor cell apoptosis. In this study, we identified the antigenic binding sites of these TR1-mAbs and proposed two major epitopes on the extracellular domain of TRAIL-R1. The analysis revealed that the epitopes of some TR1-mAbs partially overlaps with the beginning of TRAIL-binding sites, and other epitopes are located within the TRAIL-binding region. Among these mAbs, TR1-422 and TR1-419 mAbs have two antigenic binding sites that bound to the same binding region, but they have different essential amino acid residues and binding site sizes. Furthermore, we investigated the apoptosis activity of TR1-419 and TR1-422 mAbs in the form of IgG and IgM. In contrast to the IgG-type TR1-419 and TR1-422 mAbs, which enhanced and inhibited TRAIL-induced apoptosis, respectively, both IgM-type TR1-419 and TR1-422 mAb strongly induced cell apoptosis with or without soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL). Moreover, the results showed that IgM-type TR1-419 and TR1-422 mAbs alone can sufficiently activate the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways and suppress tumor growth in vivo. Consequently, we identified two antigenic binding sites with agonistic activity, and their specific IgM-type mAbs exhibited strong cytotoxic activity in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, these agonistic antigenic binding sites may be useful for the development of effective Ab-based drugs or Ab-based cell immunotherapy for various human solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Guo
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang Nursing College, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Zhichao Hao
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xiaojian Han
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yajie You
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Meiying Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aishun Jin
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
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5
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Jaworska D, Szliszka E. Targeting Apoptotic Activity Against Prostate Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081648. [PMID: 28758908 PMCID: PMC5578038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous data suggest that an increase of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor mass can be the reason for failure of conventional therapies because of their resistance. CD44+/CD24- cells are a putative cancer stem cells subpopulation in prostate cancer. TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is an activator of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, some tumors are TRAIL-resistant. Cancer cells can be re-sensitized to TRAIL induced apoptosis by a combination of TRAIL and taxanes. The aim of this work was to analyze the enhancement of the anticancer effect of TRAIL by paclitaxel, cabazitaxel and docetaxel in the whole population of PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, but also in CD44+/CD24- prostate cancer stem cells. We examined the apoptotic effect of TRAIL and taxanes using flow cytometry and Annexin-V-PE staining. The co-treatment with taxanes and TRAIL enhanced significantly the apoptosis in CD44+/CD24- cells only in PC3 cell line but not in DU145 cells. We discovered also that taxanes can increase the expression of death receptor TRAIL-R2 in PC3 prostate cancer cells. The results of our study show that treatment with paclitaxel, cabazitaxel and docetaxel is able to enhance the apoptosis induced by TRAIL even in prostate cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Jaworska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Szliszka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
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6
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Hao Z, Han X, Sun X, Shen M, Huang J, Li Y, Ozawa T, Pang D, Jin S, Kishi H, Muraguchi A, Jin A. Fully human monoclonal antibodies to TRAIL-R1 enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis via activation of caspase-8 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 475:238-44. [PMID: 27208782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or agonistic antibodies targeting TRAIL-receptors (TRAIL-Rs) can selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, they have limited antitumor efficacy in clinical trials. We previously generated ten fully human monoclonal Abs to TRAIL-receptor type 1 (TR1-mAbs) using immunospot array assay on a chip (ISAAC technology). We found that the TR1-mAbs exhibited different effects on TRAIL-induced apoptosis (enhanced or blocked apoptosis). Here, we further demonstrated that some mAbs competed with TRAIL for binding to TRAIL-R1 expressed on tumor cells that blocked TRAIL-induced apoptosis (B-TR1-Ab), whereas others did not compete with TRAIL that enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis (E-TR1-Ab). Combination of E-TR1-Ab (TR1-419) with TRAIL leads to enhanced antitumor activity in various tumor cells in vitro. E-TR1-419 and TRAIL could cooperate to upregulate the mRNA expression and protein levels of TRAIL-R1 and to promote caspase-8 cleavage and increased JNK phosphorylation. Our results suggest that combining E-TR1 Ab with TRAIL could provide a new therapeutic strategy for tumor immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Hao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiaojian Han
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Meiying Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shoude Jin
- Division of Respiratory Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aishun Jin
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, China.
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7
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Yang H, Song Y. Structural Insight for Roles of DR5 Death Domain Mutations on Oligomerization of DR5 Death Domain-FADD Complex in the Death-Inducing Signaling Complex Formation: A Computational Study. J Mol Model 2016; 22:89. [PMID: 26995783 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-2941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Death receptor 5 (DR5)-induced apoptosis that prioritizes the death of tumor cells has been proposed as one of the promising cancer therapies. In this process, oligomerized DR5 death domain (DD) binding to Fas-associated death domain (FADD) leads to FADD activating caspase-8, which marks the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) that initiates apoptosis. DR5 DD mutations found in cancer cells have been suggested to play an important pathological role, the mechanism through which those mutants prevent the DR5-activated DISC formation is not clear yet. This study sought to provide structural and molecular insight for the roles of four selected DR5 DD mutations (E355K, E367K, K415N, and L363F) in the oligomerization of DR5 DD-FADD complex during the DISC formation. Results from the molecular dynamics simulations show that the simulated mutants induce conformational, dynamical motions and interactions changes in the DR5 DD-FADD tetramer complex, including changes in a protein's backbone flexibility, less exposure of FADD DED's caspase-8 binding site, reduced H-bonding and hydrophobic contacts at the DR5 DD-FADD DD binding, altered distribution of the electrostatic potentials and correlated motions of residues, and reduced binding affinity of DR5 DD binding to FADD. This study provides structural and molecular insight for the influence of DR5 DD mutations on oligomerization of DR5 DD-FADD complex, which is expected to foster understanding of the DR5 DD mutants' resistance mechanism against DR5-activated DISC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yuhua Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 803 Shelby Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Building, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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8
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O'Reilly P, Ortutay C, Gernon G, O'Connell E, Seoighe C, Boyce S, Serrano L, Szegezdi E. Co-acting gene networks predict TRAIL responsiveness of tumour cells with high accuracy. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:1144. [PMID: 25527049 PMCID: PMC4378270 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of differentially expressed genes from transcriptomic studies is one of the most common mechanisms to identify tumor biomarkers. This approach however is not well suited to identify interaction between genes whose protein products potentially influence each other, which limits its power to identify molecular wiring of tumour cells dictating response to a drug. Due to the fact that signal transduction pathways are not linear and highly interlinked, the biological response they drive may be better described by the relative amount of their components and their functional relationships than by their individual, absolute expression. Results Gene expression microarray data for 109 tumor cell lines with known sensitivity to the death ligand cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was used to identify genes with potential functional relationships determining responsiveness to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The machine learning technique Random Forest in the statistical environment “R” with backward elimination was used to identify the key predictors of TRAIL sensitivity and differentially expressed genes were identified using the software GeneSpring. Gene co-regulation and statistical interaction was assessed with q-order partial correlation analysis and non-rejection rate. Biological (functional) interactions amongst the co-acting genes were studied with Ingenuity network analysis. Prediction accuracy was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operator curve using an independent dataset. We show that the gene panel identified could predict TRAIL-sensitivity with a very high degree of sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0 · 84). The genes in the panel are co-regulated and at least 40% of them functionally interact in signal transduction pathways that regulate cell death and cell survival, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis. Importantly, only 12% of the TRAIL-predictor genes were differentially expressed highlighting the importance of functional interactions in predicting the biological response. Conclusions The advantage of co-acting gene clusters is that this analysis does not depend on differential expression and is able to incorporate direct- and indirect gene interactions as well as tissue- and cell-specific characteristics. This approach (1) identified a descriptor of TRAIL sensitivity which performs significantly better as a predictor of TRAIL sensitivity than any previously reported gene signatures, (2) identified potential novel regulators of TRAIL-responsiveness and (3) provided a systematic view highlighting fundamental differences between the molecular wiring of sensitive and resistant cell types. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1144) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Szegezdi
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, University Rd, Galway, Ireland.
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9
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Differential response of head and neck cancer cell lines to TRAIL or Smac mimetics is associated with the cellular levels and activity of caspase-8 and caspase-10. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1955-64. [PMID: 25314064 PMCID: PMC4229641 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Current treatment strategies for head and neck cancer are associated with significant morbidity and up to 50% of patients relapse, highlighting the need for more specific and effective therapeutics. Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Smac mimetics (SMs) are promising anticancer agents, but their effect on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown. Methods: We examined the response of a panel of nine HNSCC cell lines to TRAIL and SMs and investigated the mechanism of cell type-specific response by functional analysis. Results: Head and neck cancer cell lines revealed a converse response pattern with three cell lines being highly sensitive to Smac-164 (SM) but resistant to TRAIL, whereas the other six were sensitive to TRAIL but resistant to SM. Distinct protein expression and activation patterns were found to be associated with susceptibility of HNSCC cell lines to TRAIL and SM. Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand sensitivity was associated with high caspase-8 and Bid protein levels, and TRAIL-sensitive cell lines were killed via the type II extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Smac mimetic-sensitive cells expressed low levels of caspase-8 and Bid but had high TNF-α expression. Smac mimetic-induced cell death was associated with caspase-10 activation, suggesting that in the absence of caspase-8, caspase-10 mediates response to SM. Cotreatment with TNF-α sensitised the resistant cells to SM, demonstrating a decisive role for TNF-α-driven feedback loop in SM sensitivity. Conclusions: Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and SMs effectively kill HNSCC cell lines and therefore represent potential targeted therapeutics for head and neck cancer. Distinct molecular mechanisms determine the sensitivity to each agent, with levels of TNF-α, caspase-8, Bid and caspase-10 providing important predictive biomarkers of response to these agents.
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10
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Jiang J, Liu X, Deng L, Zhang P, Wang G, Wang S, Liu H, Su Y. GMP production and characterization of leucine zipper-tagged tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (LZ-TRAIL) for phase I clinical trial. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:722-32. [PMID: 24929054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) exhibits potent antitumor activity in a wide range of cancers without deleterious side effects on normal tissues. Several TRAIL derivatives have been developed to improve its pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects through strategies such as adding a leucine zipper to increase the circulation half-life. To obtain clinical grade LZ-TRAIL for phase I clinical trial, a single batch of 30 L bioreactor culture was performed using the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain expressing the recombinant LZ-TRAIL. A robust LZ-TRAIL production fermentation process was developed, which could be scaled up from 5L to 50 L, and had a titer of approximately 1.4 g/l. A four-step purification strategy was carried out to obtain a final product with over 95% purity and 45% yield. The final material was filter sterilized, aseptically vialed, and stored at 4°C, and comprehensively characterized using multiple assays (vialed product was sterile, purity was 95%, aggregates were <5%, potency revealed IC50 of 9 nM on MDA-MB-231 cells, and the endotoxin level was <0.25 U/mg). The purity, composition, and functional activities of the molecule were confirmed. in vivo investigations indicated that LZ-TRAIL has better antitumor potency in three Xenograft tumor models compared to TRAIL (95-281). LZ-TRAIL also showed improved pharmacokinetic and safety profiles in cynomolgus monkeys without abnormalities associated with drug exposure. In conclusion, the scalable synthesis of LZ-TRAIL is useful for production of phase I clinical trial material. These preclinical investigations warrant further clinical development of this product for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong Province, Yantai 256603, China.
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Leixiu Deng
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Shifu Wang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Honghao Liu
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yunpeng Su
- Simcere Pharmaceutical R&D Department; Jiangsu Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210000, China.
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11
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Zhang J, Wang X, Cui W, Wang W, Zhang H, Liu L, Zhang Z, Li Z, Ying G, Zhang N, Li B. Visualization of caspase-3-like activity in cells using a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor activated by protein cleavage. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2157. [PMID: 23857461 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic caspase-3-like proteases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7, have a central role in mediating the progress of apoptosis. Here to conveniently monitor caspase-3-like activity in the multicellular environment, we have developed genetically encoded switch-on fluorescence-base indicators that are cyclized chimeras containing a caspase-3 cleavage site as a switch. When cleaved by caspase-3-like proteases, the non-fluorescent indicator rapidly becomes fluorescent, and thus detects in real-time the activation of such caspases. We generate cultured cells constitutively expressing these chimeras, and all the healthy cells are non-fluorescent. When these cells are exposed to apoptotic stimuli, dead cells show strong fluorescence depending on caspase activation. With these tools, we monitor in real-time caspase-3-like activity in each cell under various conditions, and show for the first time that the environment of cancer cells affects their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in a modified soft agar assay. These biosensors should enable better understanding of the biological relevance of caspase-3-like proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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12
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Finlay D, Vamos M, González-López M, Ardecky RJ, Ganji SR, Yuan H, Su Y, Cooley TR, Hauser CT, Welsh K, Reed JC, Cosford NDP, Vuori K. Small-molecule IAP antagonists sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis: roles of XIAP and cIAPs. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 13:5-15. [PMID: 24194568 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because it shows apoptosis-inducing activity in transformed, but not in normal, cells. As with most anticancer agents, however, its clinical use is restricted by either inherent or acquired resistance by cancer cells. We demonstrate here that small-molecule SMAC mimetics that antagonize the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) potently sensitize previously resistant human cancer cell lines, but not normal cells, to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, and that they do so in a caspase-8-dependent manner. We further show that the compounds have no cytotoxicity as single agents. Also, we demonstrate that several IAP family members likely participate in the modulation of cellular sensitivity to TRAIL. Finally, we note that the compounds that sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL are the most efficacious in binding to X-linked IAP, and in inducing cellular-IAP (cIAP)-1 and cIAP-2 degradation. Our studies thus describe valuable compounds that allow elucidation of the signaling events occurring in TRAIL resistance, and demonstrate that these agents act as potent TRAIL-sensitizing agents in a variety of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Finlay
- Corresponding Author: Kristiina Vuori, Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037.
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13
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Song X, Kim SY, Lee YJ. Evidence for two modes of synergistic induction of apoptosis by mapatumumab and oxaliplatin in combination with hyperthermia in human colon cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73654. [PMID: 24013390 PMCID: PMC3754951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world--the main cause of death from colorectal cancer is hepatic metastases, which can be treated with isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP). Searching for the most clinically relevant approaches for treating colorectal metastatic disease by isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP), we developed the application of oxaliplatin concomitantly with hyperthermia and humanized death receptor 4 (DR4) antibody mapatumumab (Mapa), and investigated the molecular mechanisms of this multimodality treatment in human colon cancer cell lines CX-1 and HCT116 as well as human colon cancer stem cells Tu-12, Tu-21 and Tu-22. We showed here, in this study, that the synergistic effect of the multimodality treatment-induced apoptosis was caspase dependent and activated death signaling via both the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the intrinsic pathway. Death signaling was activated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling which led to Bcl-xL phosphorylation at serine 62, decreasing the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xL, which contributed to the intrinsic pathway. The downregulation of cellular FLICE inhibitory protein long isoform (c-FLIPL) in the extrinsic pathway was accomplished through ubiquitination at lysine residue (K) 195 and protein synthesis inhibition. Overexpression of c-FLIPL mutant (K195R) and Bcl-xL mutant (S62A) completely abrogated the synergistic effect. The successful outcome of this study supports the application of multimodality strategy to patients with colorectal hepatic metastases who fail to respond to standard chemoradiotherapy that predominantly targets the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Seog-Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yong J. Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Garofalo M, Jeon YJ, Nuovo GJ, Middleton J, Secchiero P, Joshi P, Alder H, Nazaryan N, Di Leva G, Romano G, Crawford M, Nana-Sinkam P, Croce CM. MiR-34a/c-Dependent PDGFR-α/β Downregulation Inhibits Tumorigenesis and Enhances TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67581. [PMID: 23805317 PMCID: PMC3689725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world today. Although some advances in lung cancer therapy have been made, patient survival is still poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes in human malignancy. The miR-34 family consists of tumor-suppressive miRNAs, and its reduced expression has been reported in various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we found that miR-34a and miR-34c target platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta (PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β), cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors that induce proliferation, migration and invasion in cancer. MiR-34a and miR-34c were downregulated in lung tumors compared to normal tissues. Moreover, we identified an inverse correlation between PDGFR-α/β and miR-34a/c expression in lung tumor samples. Finally, miR-34a/c overexpression or downregulation of PDGFR-α/β by siRNAs, strongly augmented the response to TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) while reducing migratory and invasive capacity of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Garofalo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CC); (MG)
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gerard J. Nuovo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Phylogeny, Inc., Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Justin Middleton
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology and Embryology, Human Anatomy Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pooja Joshi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hansjuerg Alder
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Natalya Nazaryan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gianpiero Di Leva
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Giulia Romano
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Melissa Crawford
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CC); (MG)
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15
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Loriaux PM, Tesler G, Hoffmann A. Characterizing the relationship between steady state and response using analytical expressions for the steady states of mass action models. PLoS Comput Biol 2013; 9:e1002901. [PMID: 23509437 PMCID: PMC3585464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The steady states of cells affect their response to perturbation. Indeed, diagnostic markers for predicting the response to therapeutic perturbation are often based on steady state measurements. In spite of this, no method exists to systematically characterize the relationship between steady state and response. Mathematical models are established tools for studying cellular responses, but characterizing their relationship to the steady state requires that it have a parametric, or analytical, expression. For some models, this expression can be derived by the King-Altman method. However, King-Altman requires that no substrate act as an enzyme, and is therefore not applicable to most models of signal transduction. For this reason we developed py-substitution, a simple but general method for deriving analytical expressions for the steady states of mass action models. Where the King-Altman method is applicable, we show that py-substitution yields an equivalent expression, and at comparable efficiency. We use py-substitution to study the relationship between steady state and sensitivity to the anti-cancer drug candidate, dulanermin (recombinant human TRAIL). First, we use py-substitution to derive an analytical expression for the steady state of a published model of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Next, we show that the amount of TRAIL required for cell death is sensitive to the steady state concentrations of procaspase 8 and its negative regulator, Bar, but not the other procaspase molecules. This suggests that activation of caspase 8 is a critical point in the death decision process. Finally, we show that changes in the threshold at which TRAIL results in cell death is not always equivalent to changes in the time of death, as is commonly assumed. Our work demonstrates that an analytical expression is a powerful tool for identifying steady state determinants of the cellular response to perturbation. All code is available at http://signalingsystems.ucsd.edu/models-and-code/ or as supplementary material accompanying this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Michael Loriaux
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- The San Diego Center for Systems Biology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Glenn Tesler
- Department of Mathematics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- The San Diego Center for Systems Biology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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16
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Davanzo R, Zauli G, Monasta L, Vecchi Brumatti L, Abate MV, Ventura G, Rimondi E, Secchiero P, Demarini S. Human colostrum and breast milk contain high levels of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). J Hum Lact 2013; 29:23-5. [PMID: 22529245 DOI: 10.1177/0890334412441071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which plays a key role in the immune system as well as in controlling the balance of apoptosis and proliferation in various organs and tissues. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence and levels of soluble TRAIL in human colostrum and milk. METHODS The levels of soluble human TRAIL were measured in human colostrum (day 2 after delivery) and breast milk (day 5 after delivery). The presence of TRAIL was also measured in infant formula. RESULTS Levels of soluble TRAIL in the colostrum and mature human milk were, respectively, at least 400 and 100 fold higher than those detected in human serum. No TRAIL was detected in formula. CONCLUSION Human soluble TRAIL is present at extremely high levels in human colostrum and human milk and might have a significant role in mediating the anti-cancer activity of human milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Davanzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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17
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Li XQ, Ke XZ, Wang YM. Treatment of malignant melanoma by downregulation of XIAP and overexpression of TRAIL with a conditionally replicating oncolytic adenovirus. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:1471-6. [PMID: 22799350 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.4.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Currently available systemic therapies for malignant melanoma produce low response rates in patients, and more effective treatment modalities are clearly needed. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- related apoptosis-inducing ligand has a significant impact on therapy for patients with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein-downregulation malignant melanoma. The primary objective of this study was to assess its therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employed a conditionally replicating oncolytic adenoviral vector, named CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP, with the characteristics of over-expression of the therapeutic gene TRAIL and downregulation of XIAP in one vector. B16F10-luc cells were employed to detect anti-tumor activity of CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS CRAd5.TRAIL/siXIAP enhanced caspase-8 activation and caspase-3 maturation in B16F10 cells in vitro. Furthermore, it more effectively infected and killed melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo than other adenoviruses. CONCLUSION Taken together, the combination of upregulation of TRAIL and downregulation of siXIAP with one oncolytic adenoviral vector holds promise for development of an effective therapy for melanomas and other common cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiu Li
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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18
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Pineda DM, Rittenhouse DW, Valley CC, Cozzitorto JA, Burkhart RA, Leiby B, Winter JM, Weber MC, Londin ER, Rigoutsos I, Yeo CJ, Gorospe M, Witkiewicz AK, Sachs JN, Brody JR. HuR's post-transcriptional regulation of Death Receptor 5 in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:946-55. [PMID: 22785201 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.20952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is one of the core signaling pathways disrupted in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Death receptor 5 (DR5) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor superfamily that is expressed in cancer cells. Binding of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) to DR5 is a potent trigger of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, and numerous clinical trials are based on DR5-targeted therapies for cancer, including PDA. Human antigen R (HuR), an RNA-binding protein, regulates a select number of transcripts under stress conditions. Here we report that HuR translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of PDA cells upon treatment with a DR5 agonist. High doses of DR5 agonist induce cleavage of both HuR and caspase 8. HuR binds to DR5 mRNA at the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) in PDA cells in response to different cancer-associated stressors and subsequently represses DR5 protein expression; silencing HuR augments DR5 protein production by enabling its translation and thus enhances apoptosis. In PDA specimens (n = 53), negative HuR cytoplasmic expression correlated with elevated DR5 expression (odds ratio 16.1, p < 0.0001). Together, these data demonstrate a feedback mechanism elicited by HuR-mediated repression of the key apoptotic membrane protein DR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Pineda
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Research, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Valley CC, Lewis AK, Mudaliar DJ, Perlmutter JD, Braun AR, Karim CB, Thomas DD, Brody JR, Sachs JN. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces death receptor 5 networks that are highly organized. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:21265-78. [PMID: 22496450 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.306480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a death-inducing cytokine with anti-tumor potential, initiates apoptosis by re-organizing TRAIL receptors into large clusters, although the structure of these clusters and the mechanism by which they assemble are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that TRAIL receptor 2 (DR5) forms receptor dimers in a ligand-dependent manner at endogenous receptor levels, and these receptor dimers exist within high molecular weight networks. Using mutational analysis, FRET, fluorescence microscopy, synthetic biochemistry, and molecular modeling, we find that receptor dimerization relies upon covalent and noncovalent interactions between membrane-proximal residues. Additionally, by using FRET, we show that the oligomeric structure of two functional isoforms of DR5 is indistinguishable. The resulting model of DR5 activation should revise the accepted architecture of the functioning units of DR5 and the structurally homologous TNF receptor superfamily members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Valley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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20
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Leong S, McKay MJ, Christopherson RI, Baxter RC. Biomarkers of breast cancer apoptosis induced by chemotherapy and TRAIL. J Proteome Res 2011; 11:1240-50. [PMID: 22133146 DOI: 10.1021/pr200935y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of breast cancer is complex and challenging due to the heterogeneity of the disease. To avoid significant toxicity and adverse side-effects of chemotherapy in patients who respond poorly, biomarkers predicting therapeutic response are essential. This study has utilized a proteomic approach integrating 2D-DIGE, LC-MS/MS, and bioinformatics to analyze the proteome of breast cancer (ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231) and breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cell lines induced to undergo apoptosis using a combination of doxorubicin and TRAIL administered in sequence (Dox-TRAIL). Apoptosis induction was confirmed using a caspase-3 activity assay. Comparative proteomic analysis between whole cell lysates of Dox-TRAIL and control samples revealed 56 differentially expressed spots (≥2-fold change and p < 0.05) common to at least two cell lines. Of these, 19 proteins were identified yielding 11 unique protein identities: CFL1, EIF5A, HNRNPK, KRT8, KRT18, LMNA, MYH9, NACA, RPLP0, RPLP2, and RAD23B. A subset of the identified proteins was validated by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) and Western blotting. Pathway analysis revealed that the differentially abundant proteins were associated with cell death, cellular organization, integrin-linked kinase signaling, and actin cytoskeleton signaling pathways. The 2D-DIGE analysis has yielded candidate biomarkers of response to treatment in breast cancer cell models. Their clinical utility will depend on validation using patient breast biopsies pre- and post-treatment with anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Leong
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney , Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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