1
|
Lee SH, Jang MU, Kim Y, Park SY, Kim C, Kim YJ, Sohn JH. Impact of Prior Statin Use on Reperfusion Rate and Stroke Outcomes in Patients Receiving Endovascular Treatment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215147. [PMID: 34768673 PMCID: PMC8584468 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We evaluated the impact of prior statin use on successful reperfusion and stroke outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT). Method: Using consecutive multicenter databases, we enrolled acute ischemic stroke patients receiving EVT between 2015 and 2021. Patients were classified into prior statin users and no prior statin users after a review of premorbid medications. The primary outcome measure was successful reperfusion defined as modified TICI grade 2b or 3 after EVT. Secondary outcome measures were early neurologic deterioration (END) and a 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0 to 2. Results: Among 385 patients receiving EVT, 74 (19.2%) were prior statin users, who had a significantly higher successful reperfusion rate compared with no prior statin users (94.6% versus 78.8%, p = 0.002). Successful reperfusion and END occurrence were improved according to statin intensity with a dose–response relationship. In multivariate analysis, prior statin was associated with successful reperfusion after EVT (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 5.31 (1.67–16.86)). In addition, prior statin was associated with a lower occurrence of END and good functional status. Conclusion: Our study showed that prior statin use before ischemic stroke might improve successful reperfusion and stroke outcomes after EVT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.); (Y.J.K.)
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Min Uk Jang
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong 18450, Korea;
| | - Yerim Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Korea;
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Chulho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.); (Y.J.K.)
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Jong-Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.); (Y.J.K.)
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-240-5255; Fax: +82-33-255-1338
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mounier NM, Wahdan SA, Gad AM, Azab SS. Role of inflammatory, oxidative, and ER stress signaling in the neuroprotective effect of atorvastatin against doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1537-1551. [PMID: 33755739 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent widely used for the treatment of several malignancies. Despite its effectiveness, DOX has been implicated in induced neurotoxicity manifested as cognitive dysfunction with varying degrees, commonly referred to as chemobrain. DOX-induced chemobrain is presumed to be due to cytokine-induced inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic responses damaging the brain. Atorvastatin (ATV), 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG Co-A) reductase inhibitor, is a cholesterol-lowering statin possessing beneficial pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of ATV against DOX-induced cognitive impairment studying the possible involvement of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress biomarkers. Rats were treated with DOX (2 mg/kg/week), i.p. for 4 weeks. Oral treatment with ATV (10 mg/kg) ameliorated DOX-induced behavioral alterations, protected brain histological features, and attenuated DOX-induced inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic biomarkers. In addition, ATV upregulated the protective HO-1 expression levels and downregulated the DOX-induced apoptotic ER stress biomarkers. In conclusion, ATV (10 mg/kg) exhibited neuroprotective properties against DOX-induced cognitive impairment which could possibly be attributed to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Mounier
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A Wahdan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, East Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar S Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pezzini A, Grassi M, Iacoviello L, Zedde M, Marcheselli S, Silvestrelli G, DeLodovici ML, Sessa M, Zini A, Paciaroni M, Azzini C, Gamba M, Del Sette M, Toriello A, Gandolfo C, Bonifati DM, Tassi R, Cavallini A, Chiti A, Calabrò RS, Musolino R, Bovi P, Tomelleri G, Di Castelnuovo A, Vandelli L, Ritelli M, Agnelli G, De Vito A, Pugliese N, Martini G, Lanari A, Ciccone A, Lodigiani C, Malferrari G, Del Zotto E, Morotti A, Costa P, Poli L, De Giuli V, Bonaiti S, La Spina P, Marcello N, Micieli G, de Gaetano G, Colombi M, Padovani A. Serum cholesterol levels, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage. The Multicenter Study on Cerebral Haemorrhage in Italy (MUCH-Italy). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:924-9. [PMID: 27003275 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-312736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although a concern exists that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) might increase the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), the contribution of these agents to the relationship between serum cholesterol and disease occurrence has been poorly investigated. METHODS We compared consecutive patients having ICH with age and sex-matched stroke-free control subjects in a case-control analysis, as part of the Multicenter Study on Cerebral Haemorrhage in Italy (MUCH-Italy), and tested the presence of interaction effects between total serum cholesterol levels and statins on the risk of ICH. RESULTS A total of 3492 cases (mean age, 73.0±12.7 years; males, 56.6%) and 3492 control subjects were enrolled. Increasing total serum cholesterol levels were confirmed to be inversely associated with ICH. We observed a statistical interaction between total serum cholesterol levels and statin use for the risk of haemorrhage (Interaction OR (IOR), 1.09; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.12). Increasing levels of total serum cholesterol were associated with a decreased risk of ICH within statin strata (average OR, 0.87; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.88 for every increase of 0.26 mmol/l of total serum cholesterol concentrations), while statin use was associated with an increased risk (OR, 1.54; 95% CI 1.31 to 1.81 of the average level of total serum cholesterol). The protective effect of serum cholesterol against ICH was reduced by statins in strictly lobar brain regions more than in non-lobar ones. CONCLUSIONS Statin therapy and total serum cholesterol levels exhibit interaction effects towards the risk of ICH. The magnitude of such effects appears higher in lobar brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pezzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Mario Grassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Sistema Nervoso e del Comportamento, Unità di Statistica Medica e Genomica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italia
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Molecolare e Nutrizionale, Dipartimento di Epidemiologia e Prevenzione, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italia
| | - Marialuisa Zedde
- SC Neurologia, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italia
| | - Simona Marcheselli
- Neurologia d'Urgenza and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano-Milano, Italia
| | - Giorgio Silvestrelli
- Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Mantova, Mantova, Italia
| | | | | | - Andrea Zini
- Stroke Unit, Clinica Neurologica, Nuovo Ospedale Civile "S Agostino Estense", AUSL, Modena, Italia
| | - Maurizio Paciaroni
- Stroke Unit and Divisione di Medicina Cardiovascolare, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italia
| | - Cristiano Azzini
- Stroke Unit, Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Riabilitazione, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Italia
| | - Massimo Gamba
- Stroke Unit, Neurologia Vascolare, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italia
| | | | - Antonella Toriello
- U.O.C Neurologia ad Indirizzo Riabilitativo, AO Universitaria "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italia
| | - Carlo Gandolfo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, Università di Genova, Italia
| | | | | | - Anna Cavallini
- U.C Malattie Cerebrovascolari e Stroke Unit and U.C Neurologia d'Urgenza, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale "C Mondino", Pavia, Italia
| | - Alberto Chiti
- U.O Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italia
| | - Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Messina, Italia
| | - Rossella Musolino
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Psichiatriche e Anestesiologiche Clinica Neurologica, Università di Messina, Italia
| | - Paolo Bovi
- USD Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italia
| | - Giampaolo Tomelleri
- USD Stroke Unit, DAI di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Italia
| | - Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Molecolare e Nutrizionale, Dipartimento di Epidemiologia e Prevenzione, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italia
| | - Laura Vandelli
- Stroke Unit, Clinica Neurologica, Nuovo Ospedale Civile "S Agostino Estense", AUSL, Modena, Italia
| | - Marco Ritelli
- Divisione di Biologia e Genetica, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Italia
| | - Giancarlo Agnelli
- Stroke Unit and Divisione di Medicina Cardiovascolare, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italia
| | - Alessandro De Vito
- Stroke Unit, Divisione di Neurologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Riabilitazione, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Italia
| | - Nicola Pugliese
- U.O.C Neurologia ad Indirizzo Riabilitativo, AO Universitaria "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italia
| | | | - Alessia Lanari
- Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Mantova, Mantova, Italia
| | - Alfonso Ciccone
- Stroke Unit, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Mantova, Mantova, Italia
| | - Corrado Lodigiani
- Centro Trombosi, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano-Milano, Italia
| | | | - Elisabetta Del Zotto
- UO di Recupero e Rieducazione Funzionale, IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Rovato, Italia
| | - Andrea Morotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Paolo Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Loris Poli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Valeria De Giuli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Silvia Bonaiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | - Paolo La Spina
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Psichiatriche e Anestesiologiche Clinica Neurologica, Università di Messina, Italia
| | - Norina Marcello
- SC Neurologia, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Micieli
- U.C Malattie Cerebrovascolari e Stroke Unit and U.C Neurologia d'Urgenza, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale "C Mondino", Pavia, Italia
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Molecolare e Nutrizionale, Dipartimento di Epidemiologia e Prevenzione, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italia
| | - Marina Colombi
- Divisione di Biologia e Genetica, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Italia
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ostrowski SM, Johnson K, Siefert M, Shank S, Sironi L, Wolozin B, Landreth GE, Ziady AG. Simvastatin inhibits protein isoprenylation in the brain. Neuroscience 2016; 329:264-74. [PMID: 27180285 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, or statins, may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Statin action in patients with AD, as in those with heart disease, is likely to be at least partly independent of the effects of statins on cholesterol. Statins can alter cellular signaling and protein trafficking through inhibition of isoprenylation of Rho, Cdc42, and Rab family GTPases. The effects of statins on protein isoprenylation in vivo, particularly in the central nervous system, are poorly studied. We utilized two-dimensional gel electrophoresis approaches to directly monitor the levels of isoprenylated and non-isoprenylated forms of Rho and Rab family GTPases. We report that simvastatin significantly inhibits RhoA and Rab4, and Rab6 isoprenylation at doses as low as 50nM in vitro. We also provide the first in vivo evidence that statins inhibit the isoprenylation of RhoA in the brains of rats and RhoA, Cdc42, and H-Ras in the brains of mice treated with clinically relevant doses of simvastatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Ostrowski
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kachael Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Siefert
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sam Shank
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luigi Sironi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, and Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy
| | - Benjamin Wolozin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Assem G Ziady
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kalonia H, Kumar P, Kumar A. Comparative neuroprotective profile of statins in quinolinic acid induced neurotoxicity in rats. Behav Brain Res 2010; 216:220-8. [PMID: 20696189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A possible neuroprotective role has been recently suggested for 3H3MGCoA reductase inhibitors (statins). Here, we sought to determine neuroprotective effect of statins in quinolinic acid induced neurotoxicity in rats. Rats were surgically administered quinolinic acid and treated with Atorvastatin (10, 20 mg/kg), simvastatin (15, 30 mg/kg) and fluvastatin (5, 10 mg/kg) once daily up to 3 weeks. Atorvastatin (10, 20 mg/kg), simvastatin (30 mg/kg) and fluvastatin (10 mg/kg) treatment significantly attenuated the quinolinic acid induced behavioral (locomotor activity, rotarod performance and beam walk test), biochemical (lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, SOD and catalase), mitochondrial enzyme complex alterations in rats suggesting their free radical scavenging potential. Additionally, atorvastatin (10, 20 mg/kg), simvastatin (30 mg/kg) and fluvastatin (10 mg/kg) significantly decrease the TNF-α level and striatal lesion volume in quinolinic acid treated animals indicating their anti-inflammatory effects. In comparing the protective effect of different statins, atorvastatin is effective at both the doses while simvastatin and fluvastatins at respective lower doses were not able to produce the protective effect in quinolinic acid treated animals. These modulations can account, at least partly, for the beneficial effect of statins in our rodent model of striatal degeneration. Our findings show that statins could be explored as possible neuroprotective agents for neurodegenerative disorders such as HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harikesh Kalonia
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|