In Vitro α-glucosidase Inhibition and Computational Studies of Kaempferol Derivatives from Dryopteris cycanida

Identification of Major Compounds and α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Rhizome of Musa balbisiana Colla: An In-vitro and insilico Study

BACKGROUND

α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors are widely used to suppress postprandial glycemia in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the metallic content, major phytoconstituents, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Musa balbisiana rhizome using in-vitro and in-silico methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Heavy metal content was detected by AAS following standard protocol. Major phytochemicals of the plant were analysed by GC-MS technique. Enzyme inhibition study was carried out by UV/VIS spectrophotometric methods. The druglikeness and bioavailability properties of major compounds were carried out using computer-aided tools - SwissADME and ADMElab. Docking and visualization were performed in AutoDock vina and Discovery studio tools.

RESULTS

The study found that the fruits of M. balbisiana contain negligible amount toxic elements. GC-MS analysis showed five major compounds from the rhizome of M. balbisiana. In-vitro enzyme assays revealed strong α-amylase and αglucosidase inhibitory property of the plant. All the five compounds were predicted to have druglikeness property with high cell membrane permeability and bioavailability. The compounds were also predicted to have low to moderate toxicity property. The Docking study showed strong binding affinities of plant compounds with α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Out of five compounds, C5 showed best binding affinity with active pockets of α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

CONCLUSION

The present in-vitro and in-silico study suggests the antihyperglycemic property of the rhizome of Musa balbisiana and possible candidate for therapeutic antidiabetic agent(s).

Identification of bioactive compounds by GC-MS and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. and Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz: an in vitro and in silico approach

Background

The practice of ethnomedicine remains to be the primary source of healthcare in many parts of the world, especially among the tribal communities. However, there is a lack of scientific outlook and investigation to authenticate and validate their medicinal values.

Objective

The present study investigated the trace and heavy metal content, bioactive compounds, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Rauvolfia tetraphylla and Oroxylum indicum using in vitro and in silico methods.

Methods

Trace and heavy metal content of Rauvolfia tetraphylla and Oroxylum indicum were detected using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Bioactive compounds were analyzed and identified by the GC-MS technique. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the plants were studied using the spectrophotometric method using UV/VIS-Spectrophotometer. In silico molecular docking was carried out in AutoDock vina and the structures visualized using PyMol and Biovia Discovery Studio software. Statistical and graphical representations were performed using Excel and OriginPro.

Results

The trace and heavy metallic content such as Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Mn were reported from both the plant. No Cd was detected in both the plants. GC-MS analysis revealed four major compounds in R. tetraphylla and seven in O. indicum. Biochemical studies showed that the leaf extract of O. indicum posses the strongest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. R. tetraphylla showed weaker enzyme inhibition. Molecular docking study revealed that three compounds from O. indicum (O2, O3, and O6) and two from R. tetraphylla (R1 and R2) showed strong binding affinity to α-amylase and α-glucosidase. However, leaf extract of O. indicum showed better binding affinity with the enzymes compared to R. tetraphylla.

Conclusion

Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in an important strategy of diabetes control. The present study revealed the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Rauvolfia tetraphylla and Oroxylum indicum. In conclusion, the study identified that the leaf extract of O. indicum as a potential inhibitor of glucose metabolizing enzymes and could be a source of antidiabetic agents.