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Vignesh A, Amal TC, Janani Sree S, Selvakumar S, Vasanth K. Conservation linkages of endangered medicinal plant and exploration of phytochemicals, pharmaceutical screening and in silico validation against diabetics using in vivo wild and in vitro regenerated plant Boucerosia diffusa Wight. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:237. [PMID: 37333715 PMCID: PMC10271989 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Boucerosia diffusa Wight. is an important endangered medicinal plant belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae. In this study, an efficient protocol has been developed for B. diffusa using nodal explants for callus induction and direct organogenesis. The optimal callus induction (83.7%) was observed on 0.6 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in Murashige and Skoog medium. The shoot regeneration was observed on different concentrations and combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2,4-D using shoot induction (88.5%) was observed on 0.5 mg/L BAP and 0.6 mg/L 2,4-D. Maximum root induction frequency (85.6%) was obtained on 0.6 mg/L α-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/L BAP. The fully developed plants were acclimatized (98.86% survival rate) and transferred to natural photoperiod conditions. The phytochemical and pharmacological activity was determined in in vitro-regenerated plants (IRP) and was compared to in vivo wild plants (IWP). The primary and the secondary metabolite contents of bioactive compounds were significantly higher in the methanolic extract of IRP. A comparative antioxidant activity study shows IRP exhibited better scavenging activity. The antidiabetic activity of α- amylase (IC50 - 71.56 ± 15.4 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 - 82.94 ± 12.84 µg/mL) inhibitor activity also exhibited maximum in methanolic extract of IRP. Furthermore, chemical composition was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria, IRP methanolic extracts showed a maximum zone of inhibition (75 µg/mL) observed against Salmonella typhi (23.5 ± 0.5 mm) compared to the IWP. Molecular docking analysis of B. diffusa inhibition of antidiabetic activity showed better affinity in β-Sitosterol. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03645-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Vignesh
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
| | - Thomas Cheeran Amal
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
- ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, RS, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | | | | | - Krishnan Vasanth
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
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Akram A, Jamshed A, Anwaar M, Rasheed HMF, Haider SI, Aslam N, Jabeen Q. Evaluation of Caralluma edulis for its Potential Against Obesity, Atherosclerosis and Hypertension. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258231152112. [PMID: 36655145 PMCID: PMC9841870 DOI: 10.1177/15593258231152112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic metabolic condition, is an increase in fat mass and blood lipid levels mainly causing atherosclerosis and hypertension, which further lead to cardiovascular complications. The objective of the study was to investigate the crude extract of Caralluma edulis (CE.Cr) for its potential against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and its related complications. Hyperlipidemia was induced in Wistar albino rats with HFD (1% cholesterol + 0.5% cholic acid) for 28 days. Treatment groups were administered with different doses of CE.Cr (100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg, p.o.) and the standard group received atorvastatin. At the end of study, sera were analyzed for biochemical markers and the aorta was dissected for microscopic examination. Antioxidant potential was evaluated and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed. The hypotensive potential of CE.Cr was evaluated through an invasive technique. HPLC analysis of CE.Cr showed the presence of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin and naringenin. Histological examination of the aorta section showed anti-atherosclerotic effects which were also evident from decrease in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins levels. CE.Cr decreased mean arterial blood pressure and evoked significant hypotensive effects. The crude extract of C. edulis showed anti-obesity, antihypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,Department of Primary & Secondary Healthcare, Government of Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Jamshed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,Ayesha Jamshed, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Mariya Anwaar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Farhan Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,Department of Primary & Secondary Healthcare, Government of Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ihtisham Haider
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Aslam
- Department of Primary & Secondary Healthcare, Government of Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,Qaiser Jabeen, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
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In vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory studies, computational analysis and chemodiversity of an emergency food plant Caralluma edulis (Edgew.) Benth. ex Hook.f: A multifunctional approach to provide new ingredients for nutraceuticals and functional foods. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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