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Onikanni SA, Lawal B, Munyembaraga V, Bakare OS, Taher M, Khotib J, Susanti D, Oyinloye BE, Noriega L, Famuti A, Fadaka AO, Ajiboye BO. Profiling the Antidiabetic Potential of Compounds Identified from Fractionated Extracts of Entada africana toward Glucokinase Stimulation: Computational Insight. Molecules 2023; 28:5752. [PMID: 37570723 PMCID: PMC10420681 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucokinase plays an important role in regulating the blood glucose level and serves as an essential therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes management. Entada africana is a medicinal plant and highly rich source of bioactive ligands with the potency to develop new target drugs for glucokinase such as diabetes and obesity. Therefore, the study explored a computational approach to predict identified compounds from Entada africana following its intermolecular interactions with the allosteric binding site of the enzymes. We retrieved the three-dimensional (3D) crystal structure of glucokinase (PDB ID: 4L3Q) from the online protein data bank and prepared it using the Maestro 13.5, Schrödinger Suite 2022-3. The compounds identified were subjected to ADME, docking analysis, pharmacophore modeling, and molecular simulation. The results show the binding potential of the identified ligands to the amino acid residues, thereby suggesting an interaction of the amino acids with the ligand at the binding site of the glucokinase activator through conventional chemical bonds such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The compatibility of the molecules was highly observed when compared with the standard ligand, thereby leading to structural and functional changes. Therefore, the bioactive components from Entada africana could be a good driver of glucokinase, thereby paving the way for the discovery of therapeutic drugs for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Amos Onikanni
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
| | - Bashir Lawal
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Valens Munyembaraga
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- University Teaching Hospital of Butare, Huye 15232, Rwanda
| | - Oluwafemi Shittu Bakare
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko 342111, Ondo State, Nigeria;
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia;
- Pharmaceutics and Translational Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia;
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
| | - Lloyd Noriega
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Ayodeji Famuti
- Honey T Scientific Company, Ibadan 234002, Oyo State, Nigeria;
| | | | - Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti 371104, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Wang H, Tian Q, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhang J, Cao W, Zhang X, Li X, Wu L, Song M, Kong Y, Wang W, Wang Y. Blood transcriptome profiling as potential biomarkers of suboptimal health status: potential utility of novel biomarkers for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine strategy. EPMA J 2021; 12:103-115. [PMID: 34194583 PMCID: PMC8192624 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The early identification of Suboptimal Health Status (SHS) creates a window opportunity for the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) in chronic diseases. Previous studies have observed the alterations in several mRNA levels in SHS individuals. As a promising "omics" technology offering comprehension of genome structure and function at RNA level, transcriptome profiling can provide innovative molecular biomarkers for the predictive identification and targeted prevention of SHS. To explore the potential biomarkers, biological functions, and signalling pathways involved in SHS, an RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome analysis was firstly conducted on buffy coat samples collected from 30 participants with SHS and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 46 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), in which 22 transcripts were significantly increased and 24 transcripts were decreased in the SHS group. A total of 23 transcripts were selected as candidate predictive biomarkers for SHS. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that several biological processes were related to SHS, such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and neurodegeneration. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified 10 hub genes related to SHS, including GJA1, TWIST2, KRT1, TUBB3, AMHR2, BMP10, MT3, BMPER, NTM, and TMEM98. A transcriptome predictive model can distinguish SHS individuals from the healthy controls with a sensitivity of 83.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 73.9-92.7%), a specificity of 90.0% (95% CI: 82.4-97.6%), and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.938 (95% CI: 0.882-0.994). In the present study, we demonstrated that blood (buffy coat) samples appear to be a very promising and easily accessible biological material for the transcriptomic analyses focused on the objective identification of SHS by using our transcriptome predictive model. The pattern of particularly determined DEGs can be used as predictive transcriptomic biomarkers for the identification of SHS in an individual who may, subjectively, feel healthy, but at the level of subcellular mechanisms, the changes can provide early information about potential health problems in this person. Our findings also indicate the potential therapeutic targets in dealing with chronic diseases related to SHS, such as T2DM and CVD, and an early onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as well as the findings suggest the targets for personalized interventions as promoted in PPPM. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00238-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Qiuyue Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Liu
- Student Healthcare Center, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Manshu Song
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Youxin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Grewal AS, Lather V, Charaya N, Sharma N, Singh S, Kairys V. Recent Developments in Medicinal Chemistry of Allosteric Activators of Human Glucokinase for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Therapeutics. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2510-2552. [PMID: 32286938 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200414163148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucokinase (GK), a cytoplasmic enzyme catalyzes the metabolism of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate with the help of ATP and aids in the controlling of blood glucose levels within the normal range in humans. In pancreatic β-cells, it plays a chief role by controlling the glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin and in liver hepatocyte cells, it controls the metabolism of carbohydrates. GK acts as a promising drug target for the pharmacological treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as it plays an important role in the control of carbohydrate metabolism. METHODS Data used for this review was based on the search from several science databases as well as various patent databases. The main data search terms used were allosteric GK activators, diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes, glucokinase, glucokinase activators and human glucokinase. RESULTS This article discusses an overview of T2DM, the biology of GK, the role of GK in T2DM, recent updates in the development of small molecule GK activators reported in recent literature, mechanism of action of GK activators and their clinical status. CONCLUSION GK activators are the novel class of pharmacological agents that enhance the catalytic activity of GK enzyme and display their antihyperglycemic effects. Broad diversity of chemical entities including benzamide analogues, carboxamides, acrylamides, benzimidazoles, quinazolines, thiazoles, pyrimidines, pyridines, orotic acid amides, amino acid derivatives, amino phosphates and urea derivatives have been synthesized in past two decades as potent allosteric activators of GK. Presently, the pharmaceutical companies and researchers are focusing on the design and development of liver-selective GK activators for preventing the possible adverse effects associated with GK activators for the long-term treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmer S Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Viney Lather
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Charaya
- Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Visvaldas Kairys
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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