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Gómez de Cedrón M, Wagner S, Reguero M, Menéndez-Rey A, Ramírez de Molina A. Miracle Berry as a Potential Supplement in the Control of Metabolic Risk Factors in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121282. [PMID: 33333960 PMCID: PMC7765360 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of chronic diseases related to altered metabolism has become a social and medical concern worldwide. Cancer is a chronic and multifactorial disease for which, together with genetic factors, environmental factors are crucial. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), up to one third of cancer-related deaths could be prevented by modifying risk factors associated with lifestyle, including diet and exercise. Obesity increases the risk of cancer due to the promotion of low-grade chronic inflammation and systemic metabolic oxidative stress. The effective control of metabolic parameters, for example, controlling glucose, lipid levels, and blood pressure, and maintaining a low grade of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress might represent a specific and mechanistic approach against cancer initiation and progression. Miracle berry (MB) (Synsepalum dulcificum) is an indigenous fruit whose small, ellipsoid, and bright red berries have been described to transform a sour taste into a sweet one. MB is rich in terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids, which are responsible for their described antioxidant activities. Moreover, MB has been reported to ameliorate insulin resistance and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and malignant transformation in vitro. Herein, we briefly summarize the current knowledge of MB to provide a scientific basis for its potential use as a supplement in the management of chronic diseases related to altered metabolism, including obesity and insulin resistance, which are well-known risk factors in cancer. First, we introduce cancer as a metabolic disease, highlighting the impact of systemic metabolic alterations, such as obesity and insulin resistance, in cancer initiation and progression. Next, as oxidative stress is closely associated with metabolic stress, we also evaluate the effect of phytochemicals in managing oxidative stress and its relationship with cancer. Finally, we summarize the main biological activities described for MB-derived extracts with a special focus on the ability of miraculin to transform a sour taste into a sweet one through its interaction with the sweet taste receptors. The identification of sweet taste receptors at the gastrointestinal level, with effects on the secretion of enterohormones, may provide an additional tool for managing chronic diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Molecular Oncology Group, Precision Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.W.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.d.C.); (A.R.d.M.); Tel.: +34-91-727-81-00 (ext. 210) (M.G.d.C.); Fax: +34-91-188-07-56 (M.G.d.C.)
| | - Sonia Wagner
- Molecular Oncology Group, Precision Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.W.); (M.R.)
- Medicinal Gardens SL, Marqués de Urquijo 47, 28008 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marina Reguero
- Molecular Oncology Group, Precision Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.W.); (M.R.)
- NATAC BIOTECH, Electronica 7, Alcorcón, 28923 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Menéndez-Rey
- Medicinal Gardens SL, Marqués de Urquijo 47, 28008 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Technology Center, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology Group, Precision Nutrition and Health, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.W.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.d.C.); (A.R.d.M.); Tel.: +34-91-727-81-00 (ext. 210) (M.G.d.C.); Fax: +34-91-188-07-56 (M.G.d.C.)
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Swamy KB, Hadi SA, Sekaran M, Pichika MR. The Clinical Effects of Synsepalum dulcificum: A Review. J Med Food 2014; 17:1165-9. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaki B. Swamy
- Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Jalan Imlu Jalan University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suwaibah Abd Hadi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muniandy Sekaran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang HM, Chou YT, Hong ZL, Chen HA, Chang YC, Yang WL, Chang HC, Mai CT, Chen CY. Bioconstituents from stems of Synsepalum dulcificum Daniell (Sapotaceae) inhibit human melanoma proliferation, reduce mushroom tyrosinase activity and have antioxidant properties. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Cheng MJ, Lo WL, Huang LY, Wang CJ, Chen CY. Isolation of a 2-oxetanone from the fruits ofSynsepalum dulcificum. Nat Prod Res 2010; 24:1850-3. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.482934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang HM, Chen CY, Chen CY, Ho ML, Chou YT, Chang HC, Lee CH, Wang CZ, Chu IM. (-)-N-Formylanonaine from Michelia alba as a human tyrosinase inhibitor and antioxidant. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5241-7. [PMID: 20584613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is the first and rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of melanin pigments for coloring hair, skin, and eyes. As reported in this study, a natural product, (-)-N-formylanonaine isolated from the leaves of Michelia alba D.C. (Magnolianceae), was found to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase with an IC50 of 74.3 microM and to have tyrosinase and melanin reducing activities in human epidermal melanocytes without apparent cytotoxicity to human cells, superior to the known tyrosinase inhibitors, such as kojic acid and 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (PTU). Based on homology modeling, the compound binds the active site by coordinating with two Cu2+ ions. In addition, the compound had antioxidation activities in tests for scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and chelating metal ions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the bioactivities of (-)-N-formylanonaine from this plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, and the Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC.
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