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Huang M, Myers CR, Wang Y, You M. Mitochondria as a Novel Target for Cancer Chemoprevention: Emergence of Mitochondrial-targeting Agents. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:285-306. [PMID: 33303695 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention is the most effective approach to control cancer in the population. Despite significant progress, chemoprevention has not been widely adopted because agents that are safe tend to be less effective and those that are highly effective tend to be toxic. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel and effective chemopreventive agents, such as mitochondria-targeted agents, that can prevent cancer and prolong survival. Mitochondria, the central site for cellular energy production, have important functions in cell survival and death. Several studies have revealed a significant role for mitochondrial metabolism in promoting cancer development and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer prevention. Conjugating delocalized lipophilic cations, such as triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+), to compounds of interest is an effective approach for mitochondrial targeting. The hyperpolarized tumor cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential allow for selective accumulation of TPP+ conjugates in tumor cell mitochondria versus those in normal cells. This could enhance direct killing of precancerous, dysplastic, and tumor cells while minimizing potential toxicities to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Huang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Charles R Myers
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Armentano B, Curcio R, Brindisi M, Mancuso R, Rago V, Ziccarelli I, Frattaruolo L, Fiorillo M, Dolce V, Gabriele B, Cappello AR. 5-(Carbamoylmethylene)-oxazolidin-2-ones as a Promising Class of Heterocycles Inducing Apoptosis Triggered by Increased ROS Levels and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Breast and Cervical Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020035. [PMID: 32085547 PMCID: PMC7168333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxazolidinones are antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit. Recently, numerous worldwide researches focused on their properties and possible involvement in cancer therapy have been conducted. Here, we evaluated in vitro the antiproliferative activity of some 5-(carbamoylmethylene)-oxazolidin-2-ones on MCF-7 and HeLa cells. The tested compounds displayed a wide range of cytotoxicity on these cancer cell lines, measured by MTT assay, exhibiting no cytotoxicity on non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Among the nine tested derivatives, four displayed a good anticancer potential. Remarkably, OI compound showed IC50 values of 17.66 and 31.10 µM for MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells, respectively. Furthermore, we assessed OI effect on the cell cycle by FACS analysis, highlighting a G1 phase arrest after 72 h, supported by a low expression level of Cyclin D1 protein. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced after OI treatment driven by high levels of ROS. These findings demonstrate that OI treatment can inhibit MCF-7 and HeLa cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by caspase-9 activation and cytochrome c release in the cytosol. Hence, 5-(carbamoylmethylene)-oxazolidin-2-ones have a promising anticancer activity, in particular, OI derivative could represent a good candidate for in vivo further studies and potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Armentano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Rosita Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Matteo Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Raffaella Mancuso
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (R.M.); (I.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Ida Ziccarelli
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (R.M.); (I.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Luca Frattaruolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (M.F.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Marco Fiorillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
- Translational Medicine, School of Environment and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Salford, Greater Manchester M5 4WT, UK
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (M.F.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Bartolo Gabriele
- Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci 12/C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (R.M.); (I.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (B.A.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (V.R.); (V.D.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (M.F.); (A.R.C.)
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Cytotoxic and Bactericidal Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained by Green Synthesis Method Using Annona muricata Aqueous Extract and Functionalized with 5-Fluorouracil. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2018; 2018:6506381. [PMID: 30410535 PMCID: PMC6205100 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6506381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials obtained by green synthesis technologies have been widely studied in recent years owing to constitute cost-effective and environmental-friendly methods. In addition, there are several works that report the simultaneous performance of the reducer agent as a functionalizing agent, modifying the properties of the nanomaterial. As a simple and economical synthesis methodology, this work presents a method to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Annona muricata aqueous extract and functionalized with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The processes of reduction, nucleation, and functionalization of the nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and it was found that they are the function of the contact time of the metal ions with the extract. The structural characterization was carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD). The antibacterial properties of the synthetized nanomaterials were tested using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli growth.
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