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Paldor I, Madrer N, Vaknine Treidel S, Shulman D, Greenberg DS, Soreq H. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood profiles of transfer RNA fragments show age, sex, and Parkinson's disease-related changes. J Neurochem 2023; 164:671-683. [PMID: 36354307 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transfer RNA fragments (tRFs) have recently been shown to be an important family of small regulatory RNAs with diverse functions. Recent reports have revealed modified tRF blood levels in a number of nervous system conditions including epilepsy, ischemic stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about tRF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To address this issue, we studied age, sex, and Parkinson's disease (PD) effects on the distributions of tRFs in the CSF and blood data of healthy controls and PD patients from the NIH and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) small RNA-seq datasets. We discovered that long tRFs are expressed in higher levels in the CSF than in the blood. Furthermore, the CSF showed a pronounced age-associated decline in the level of tRFs cleaved from the 3'-end and anti-codon loop of the parental tRNA (3'-tRFs, i-tRFs), and more pronounced profile differences than the blood profiles between the sexes. In comparison, we observed moderate age-related elevation of blood 3'-tRF levels. In addition, distinct sets of tRFs in the CSF and in the blood segregated PD patients from controls. Finally, we found enrichment of tRFs predicted to target cholinergic mRNAs (Cholino-tRFs) among mitochondrial-originated tRFs, raising the possibility that the neurodegeneration-related mitochondrial impairment in PD patients may lead to deregulation of their cholinergic tone. Our findings demonstrate that the CSF and blood tRF profiles are distinct and that the CSF tRF profiles are modified in a sex-, age-, and disease-related manner, suggesting that they reflect the inter-individual cerebral differences and calling for incorporating this important subset of small RNA regulators into future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iddo Paldor
- The Neurosurgery Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shani Vaknine Treidel
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Shulman
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David S Greenberg
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Herrera AS, Solís Arias PE, Esparza MDCA, Bernal LFT, Bondarev AD, Fisenko VP, Chubarev VN, Minyaeva NN, Mikhaleva LM, Tarasov VV, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Long-Term Effect of Medically Enhancing Melanin Intrinsic Bioenergetics Capacity in Prematurity. Curr Genomics 2020; 21:525-530. [PMID: 33214768 PMCID: PMC7604751 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999200417172817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of the human body to produce metabolic energy from light modifies fundamental concepts of biochemistry. Objective This review discusses the relationships between the long-accepted concept is that glucose has a unique dual role as an energy source and as the main source of carbon chains that are precursors of all organic matter. The capability of melanin to produce energy challenges this premise. Methods The prevalent biochemical concept, therefore, needs to be adjusted to incorporate a newly discovered state of Nature based on melanin's ability to dissociate water to produce energy and to re-form water from molecular hydrogen and oxygen. Results and Discussion Our findings regarding the potential implication of QIAPI-1 as a melanin precursor that has bioenergetics capabilities. Conclusion Specifically, we reported its promising application as a means for treating retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The instant report focuses on the long-term treatment medical effects of melanin in treating ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo S Herrera
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Paola E Solís Arias
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - María Del C A Esparza
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Luis F T Bernal
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Andrey D Bondarev
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Vladimir P Fisenko
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Nina N Minyaeva
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- 1Human Photosynthesis Study Centre, Aguascalientes, Mexico; 2Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico; 3Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico; 4I. M. Seche-nov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation; 5National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow101000, Russian Federation; 6Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation; 7Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, USA; 8Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia; 9GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX- 78229, USA
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5
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Herrera AS, A Esparza MDC, Arias PES, Ashraf GM, Mosa OF, Fisenko VP, Sologova SS, Dostdar SA, Sokolov AV, Bovina EV, Chubarev VN, Tarasov VV, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Role of Melanin to Dissociate Oxygen from Water to Treat Retinopathy of Prematurity. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:215-222. [PMID: 31267880 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190702164206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding disorder that commonly afflicts premature infants who are born prior to 31weeks of gestation or with a body weight less than 1250 grams (about 2.75 pounds). Another risk factor is excessive oxygen in incubators, which can lead to blindness. A compounding factor is that survival rates for premature infants are rising with concomitantly more cases of ROP. We have reported an unsuspected intrinsic property of melanin to dissociate water. This capability can be considered an alternative treatment option for adult and neonatal diseases. It is known that exogenous surfactant administration suppresses bronchopulmonary dysplasia and consequent death, randomized, controlled trials with various respiratory interventions did not show any significant reductions in morbidity and mortality rates. During a descriptive study about the three leading causes of blindness in the world, the ability of melanin to transform light energy into chemical energy through the dissociation of water molecule was unraveled. Initially, during 2 or 3 years; we tried to link together our findings with the widely accepted metabolic pathways already described in molecular pathway databases, which have been developed to collect and organize the current knowledge on metabolism scattered across a multitude of scientific evidence. OBSERVATIONS The current report demonstrates the main problems that afflict premature babies with an emphasis on the growth of abnormal vessels in the retina, the explanation for which is unknown until date. We also reported a case of a baby who suffered digestive and respiratory problems with a brain haemorrhage that was successfully treated by laser photocoagulation. We hypothesise that most likely this effect was due to the melanin level and melanin itself produces oxygen via dissociating with water molecules. CONCLUSION We postulate that the intrinsic effect of melanin may easily convert visible and invisible light into chemical energy via a water dissociation reaction similar to the one in plant's chlorophyll, and markedly elevated with diagnosis and treatment of the complications related to premature babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo S Herrera
- Human Photosynthesis® Study Center. Sierra del Laurel 212, Bosques del Prado Norte, Aguascalientes, CP 20000, Mexico
| | - María Del Carmen A Esparza
- Human Photosynthesis® Study Center. Sierra del Laurel 212, Bosques del Prado Norte, Aguascalientes, CP 20000, Mexico
| | - Paola E S Arias
- Human Photosynthesis® Study Center. Sierra del Laurel 212, Bosques del Prado Norte, Aguascalientes, CP 20000, Mexico
| | - Ghulam M Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama F Mosa
- Health Sciences College at Leith, UQU, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir P Fisenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Susanna S Sologova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Samira A Dostdar
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Sokolov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Bovina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation.,GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX, 78229, United States
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