Edwards B, Wang JM, Iwanaga J, Loukas M, Tubbs RS. Cranial Nerve Foramina: Part II - A Review of the Anatomy and Pathology of Cranial Nerve Foramina of the Posterior Cranial Fossa.
Cureus 2018;
10:e2500. [PMID:
29928560 PMCID:
PMC6005399 DOI:
10.7759/cureus.2500]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial nerve foramina are integral exits from the confines of the skull. Despite their significance in cranial nerve pathologies, there has been no comprehensive anatomical review of these structures. Owing to the extensive nature of this topic we have divided our review into two parts; Part II, presented here, focuses on the foramina of the posterior cranial fossa and discusses each foramen's shape, orientation, size, surrounding structures, and structures that pass through it. Furthermore, by comparing foramen sizes against the cross-sectional areas of their contents, we determine the amount of free space available within each. We also review lesions that can obstruct each foramen and discuss the clinical consequences.
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