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Yıldırım YA, Süsgün Yıldırım Z, Ergun N. Evaluation of manual dexterity when using a mirror of dental students and academicians with increasing professional experience. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:430-437. [PMID: 37933594 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the manual dexterity of dentistry students and academicians when using a mirror according to increasing professional experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 72 subjects, grouped according to professional experience 5th year dentistry students (DS) accepted as no experience-academicians with 1-4 years experience (A5L)-academicians with ≥5 years experience (A5M). Direct and indirect visualisation using the mirror was evaluated with the completion times of the O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test. RESULTS The hand grip strength values of both left and right hand were found to be statistically significantly higher in all the males than in the females (p < .05). The indirect test times (ITT) using the mirror were significantly longer for males than for females (p = .001), and no significant difference was determined between the genders in the direct test times (DTT) (p > .05). For all the study participants, DTT shortened as professional experience increased (p < .05). In addition, the mean values of both DTT (p = .031) and ITT (p = .028) in the DS group were statistically significantly longer than the A5M group. CONCLUSION With increasing professional experience, manual dexterity was determined to increase, and females were found to be more successful in the direct manual dexterity tests independently of the groups. The statistical significance between the DS and A5M groups, especially in the hand dexterity test with a mirror, shows the importance of experience. The study results demonstrated that professional manual dexterity in dentistry can be developed with increasing practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zehra Süsgün Yıldırım
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nevin Ergun
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Zitzmann NU, Dalla-Vecchia RL, Beiner B, Steinberg C, Benkeser SM, Amato J. Effectiveness of a manual test at the beginning of dental school. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:530-537. [PMID: 37950545 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study analysed whether the SAZAMED (Self-assessment for dentistry studies) manual test conducted as an exercise or examination in the first year of dental studies, and the official aptitude test for medical studies (EMS), can predict future performance of dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS Students enrolled in the dental curriculum at the University of Basel between 2009/10 and 2019/20 were categorized: Group A conducted the SAZAMED in the third bachelor year (BA) and second master year (MA), group B practiced in the first and third BA and second MA and group C had to pass the test in the first BA with repetition in the third BA and second MA. SAZAMED comprised (i) wire bending, (ii) modelling sphere and cube, (iii) drawing mirror-inverted and (iv) indirect drawing over a mirror. Comparative variables were the EMS per cent rank and test scores in practical-clinical examinations in the third BA and the second MA. RESULTS Data were available from 329 students over the 10-year period. Repeaters and dropouts had poorer performance in the first BA SAZAMED than students who did not (p < 0.001). Among the four SAZAMED exercises, mirror-inverted drawing was the strongest predictor of future student performance. The official aptitude test EMS correlated with the third BA certificate (p = 0.012), but failed to predict repeaters and dropouts. CONCLUSION Since academic success was associated with significantly better scores on the first BA SAZAMED, it is considered a predictor and recommended in addition to the official EMS to identify students in need of intervention programmes or who should choose a different field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola U Zitzmann
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ramona L Dalla-Vecchia
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Beiner
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carin Steinberg
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Svenja M Benkeser
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Amato
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Porcherot A, Maniani I, Berteretche MV, Citterio H, Fromentin O, Rignon-Bret C, Braud A, Wulfman C. Use of digital tools for preclinical training in complete denture: A pilot study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:292-301. [PMID: 37649263 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in CAD-CAM complete dentures open up opportunities in preclinical laboratory education. A cross-over study was conducted to assess the benefit of digital training in custom tray fabrication. Hypotheses were that digital training improved conceptual skill acquisition and that assessment of digital work helps in the discrimination of students' difficulty. MATERIALS AND METHODS Third-year students were allocated either into group A and took the manual practical classes before the digital ones, or into group B (N = 154). Prior to the sessions, a motor skill test was conducted. The influence on the learning process was evaluated by comparing the groups' results to the manual lab work with a Student's t-test. The effectiveness of the assessment in discriminating manual aptitude and conceptual skill was studied through Spearman's rank coefficient between digital and manual scores in conceptual skill and with a subgroup analysis according to the results of the motor skill test. The level of significance was set up at .05. Students' satisfaction was also assessed with a questionnaire. RESULTS Students in group B achieved better scores. Spearman's rank coefficient test showed a weak correlation, R = .16. For manual lab work, the most manually skilled students did significantly better. In contrast, for the digital session, the medium manually skilled students did better. More than half of the students (55%) found the manual and digital sessions complementary, without identifying any difference depending on the learning sequence. CONCLUSION Digital training improved the students' results in the conventional practical exercise. Assessments of the digital and conventional custom trays were complementary in order to distinguish conceptual and motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Porcherot
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Imane Maniani
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Violaine Berteretche
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Citterio
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Fromentin
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Rignon-Bret
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Charles Foix Hospital, Ivry sur Seine, France
| | - Adeline Braud
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Claudine Wulfman
- Faculty of Health, UFR Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
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Sim MY, Tan LF, Adam L, Loch C. No one is born with it: Australasian dental students' perceptions of learning manual dexterity. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:60-69. [PMID: 36066105 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dentistry requires high manual dexterity, and few studies have investigated the challenges and impact on dental students of attaining manual dexterity skills. This study aimed to investigate dental students' perceptions of manual dexterity, including their awareness of manual dexterity requirements in dentistry, self-perceptions of manual dexterity competency, and whether manual dexterity should be part of admission to dentistry training. A link to a 12-item online Qualtrics survey was sent out to students in either their 2nd or 5th year of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree at the University of Otago, New Zealand. The anonymous survey collected basic demographic data and included closed and open-ended questions about manual dexterity. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative variables and a general inductive approach was used to analyze free-text responses. Those were later grouped into a theoretical domain framework. The overall response rate was 53%. All participants acknowledged the importance of manual dexterity in dentistry. Most participants thought that manual dexterity can be improved with practice and that including a manual dexterity test in the admission criteria may cause unnecessary stress for students. Striving to achieve manual dexterity impacted participants' performance in the BDS course. However, most participants viewed it as a challenge that can be overcome with practice and improvement, and that current BDS admission requirements are sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Yee Sim
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Li Feng Tan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lee Adam
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Carolina Loch
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Abd Alraheam I, Oweis Y, Al-Asmar A, Ismail NHI, Sabra AHA. Predictability of dental students' performance in clinical courses based on their performance in pre-clinical and academic courses. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:781-786. [PMID: 34942060 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some dental schools depend on the students' academic performance for admission purposes. This research aimed at investigating the correlations between dental students' performance in specific academic courses and their pre-clinical and clinical counterparts and the correlations between students' performance in the pre-clinical practical courses and the clinical courses. METHODS Academic and practical pre-clinical and clinical grades were retrieved for 811 students who graduated from the School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, between 2016 and 2018. Ten courses (five academic and five practical) were selected. Pearson's rho test was used to calculate the correlations between the courses. RESULTS Statistically significant weak-to-moderate positive correlations were found between each academic course and its pre-clinical or clinical counterparts and between pre-clinical and clinical courses. A statistically significant positive moderate correlation (p < .001) was found between students' performance in fourth and fifth year restorative clinics. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that the academic performance could partially predict the practical performance in both the pre-clinical and clinical courses and that the clinical performance could partially be predicted from the pre-clinical practical performance. Moreover, students who can successfully perform the required clinical procedures in fourth year will successfully perform the required clinical procedures in fifth year. However, other confounding factors should be taken into consideration such as manual dexterity and artistic skills even though their intellectual abilities are average.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yara Oweis
- Conservative Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayah Al-Asmar
- Conservative Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Noor H I Ismail
- Conservative Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Alaa H A Sabra
- Conservative Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Wen NL, Aldosari MA, Park SE. Comparison of student and faculty interviewers using ratings data for admissions decisions. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022. [PMID: 35869683 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of cognitive and noncognitive dental school admission factors with interview ratings provided by faculty and student interviewers. METHODS Interviewees for the 2019-2021 admissions cycles underwent a 90-minute period consisting of two 45-min interviews and received two interview scores ranging from 1.0 to 2.3. Regression models were utilised to evaluate factors associated with interviewer type and admission status, The correlation strength between faculty and student interview scores was assessed. RESULTS A total of 177 applicants were interviewed, and 69 students were admitted over two admission cycles. Admitted students received higher interview ratings compared with nonadmitted applicants after adjusting for cognitive and noncognitive admission factors (average difference = -0.068; 95% CI = -0.123, -0.014). No statistically significant relationship was found between any cognitive admissions factor and interview score. However, having prior leadership role experiences was associated with better faculty score, after adjusting for student interviewee score. There was a strong linear correlation (r = .92) between faculty and student interview scores, with 0.809 change in faculty score with each additional student interview score (95% CI = 0.735, 0.883). CONCLUSION The relationship between faculty and student scores was linear and strongly correlated, suggesting that faculty and student interviewers were comparable in their interview scoring. Leadership experience and potential could be advantageous qualities that improve faculty interviewer ratings. However, having a mix of faculty and Student interviewers may promote evaluation of candidates from different aspects, as students are familiar with the learning environment in dental school and may provide a unique perspective on an applicant's background and suitability for the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Luran Wen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muath A Aldosari
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sang E Park
- Office of Dental Education, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Häfner SJ. A matter of timing - At what age should multilevel surgery be performed in cerebral palsy patients? Biomed J 2020; 43:465-468. [PMID: 33422266 PMCID: PMC7804162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A rather eventful decade draws to a close, but before the year concludes, we learn in this issue of the Biomedical Journal about the correlation of age with the improvement of motor functions in cerebral palsy patients after myofascial release surgery, and the impact on health and life quality of excessive weight during pregnancy. Moreover, we learn about differences in dexterity test norms between populations, and gain some insight into the latest improvements to the challenging medical study program in Taiwan. Finally, we attend an interesting discussion between experts of the field regarding the use of melatonin to protect the brains of preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Julia Häfner
- University of Copenhagen, BRIC Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, Anders Lund Group, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Novack R, Turgeon DP. Investigating Dental Aptitude Test (DAT) results as predictors for preclinical and clinical scores in dental school. J Dent Educ 2020; 84:1254-1261. [PMID: 32725627 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to determine whether 2 current admission criteria, the perceptual ability test (PAT) and the manual dexterity test (MDT) can predict success in dental school within the Université de Montréal population. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the records of 854 students who graduated between 2005 and 2015. For each student, PAT and MDT scores were compared to 5 preclinical and 3 clinical classes using the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression models. T-tests were used to compare students above and below a 5-point increase in cut-off scores (PAT = 15, MDT = 10). RESULTS The strongest relationship was found to be between PAT and preclinical scores (r = 0.329, P < 0.01). The regression analysis determined that gender, PAT and MDT predicted more of the variability of preclinical (12.7%) than of clinical scores (2.7%). Students scoring ≥10 on the MDT performed better in preclinical and clinical courses, and those scoring ≥15 on the PAT performed better in preclinical courses. However, when comparing these students to the entire group, only those scoring ≥15 on PAT differed from the group's average for preclinical scores (P = 0.029). CONCLUSION These findings suggest the PAT and MDT have some power in predicting success in preclinical, and to a lesser extent clinical courses, and supports their use as criteria in the admissions process. There is some evidence that suggests that increasing the cut-off score may decrease the number of students with difficulties in preclinical courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Novack
- Department of Dentistry, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel P Turgeon
- Département de Stomatologie, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Diplomate of the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Lombard, IL, USA
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