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Kevlishvili I, St Michel RG, Garrison AG, Toney JW, Adamji H, Jia H, Román-Leshkov Y, Kulik HJ. Leveraging natural language processing to curate the tmCAT, tmPHOTO, tmBIO, and tmSCO datasets of functional transition metal complexes. Faraday Discuss 2025; 256:275-303. [PMID: 39301698 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The breadth of transition metal chemical space covered by databases such as the Cambridge Structural Database and the derived computational database tmQM is not conducive to application-specific modeling and the development of structure-property relationships. Here, we employ both supervised and unsupervised natural language processing (NLP) techniques to link experimentally synthesized compounds in the tmQM database to their respective applications. Leveraging NLP models, we curate four distinct datasets: tmCAT for catalysis, tmPHOTO for photophysical activity, tmBIO for biological relevance, and tmSCO for magnetism. Analyzing the chemical substructures within each dataset reveals common chemical motifs in each of the designated applications. We then use these common chemical structures to augment our initial datasets for each application, yielding a total of 21 631 compounds in tmCAT, 4599 in tmPHOTO, 2782 in tmBIO, and 983 in tmSCO. These datasets are expected to accelerate the more targeted computational screening and development of refined structure-property relationships with machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Roland G St Michel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Aaron G Garrison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Jacob W Toney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Husain Adamji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Haojun Jia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Shah AM, Lee KY, Hidayat A, Falchook A, Muhammad W. A text analytics approach for mining public discussions in online cancer forum: Analysis of multi-intent lung cancer treatment dataset. Int J Med Inform 2024; 184:105375. [PMID: 38367390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online cancer forums (OCF) are increasingly popular platforms for patients and caregivers to discuss, seek information on, and share opinions about diseases and treatments. This interaction generates a substantial amount of unstructured text data, necessitating deeper exploration. Using time series data, our study exploits topic modeling in the novel domain of online cancer forums (OCFs) to identify meaningful topics and changing dynamics of online discussion across different lung cancer treatment intent groups. METHODS For this purpose, a dataset comprising 27,998 forum posts about lung cancer was collected from three OCFs: lungcancer.net, lungevity.org, and reddit.com, spanning the years 2016 to 2018. RESULTS The analysis reflects the public discussion on multi-intent lung cancer treatment over time, taking into account seasonal variations. Discussions on cancer symptoms and prevention garnered the most attention, dominating both curative and palliative care discussions. There were distinct seasonal peaks: curative care topics surged from winter to late spring, while palliative care topics peaked from late summer to mid-autumn. Keyword analysis highlighted that lung cancer diagnosis and treatment were primary topics, whereas cancer prevention and treatment outcomes were predominant across multi-care contexts. For the study period, curative care discussions predominantly revolved around informational support and disease syndromes. In contrast, social support and cancer prevention prevailed in the palliative care context. Notably, topics such as cancer screening and cancer treatment exhibit pronounced seasonal variations in curative care, peaking in frequency during the summers (May to August) of the study period. Meanwhile, the topic of tumor control within palliative care showed significant seasonal influence during the winters and summers of 2017 and 2018. CONCLUSION Our text analysis approach using OCF data shows potential for computational methods in this novel domain to gain insights into trends in public cancer communication and seasonal variations for a better understanding of improving personalized care, decision support, treatment outcomes, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Muhammad Shah
- Chair of Marketing and Innovation, University of Hamburg, 20146, Germany; Department of Physics, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, FL 33431-0991, United States; Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seoul 13120. Republic of Korea.
| | - Kang Yoon Lee
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seoul 13120. Republic of Korea.
| | - Abdullah Hidayat
- Department of Physics, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, FL 33431-0991, United States.
| | - Aaron Falchook
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Hospital West, Memorial Cancer Institute (MCI), Pembroke Pines, FL, United States.
| | - Wazir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, FL 33431-0991, United States.
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Ghaddaripouri K, Ghaddaripouri M, Mousavi AS, Mousavi Baigi SF, Rezaei Sarsari M, Dahmardeh Kemmak F, Mazaheri Habibi MR. The effect of machine learning algorithms in the prediction, and diagnosis of meningitis: A systematic review. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1893. [PMID: 38357491 PMCID: PMC10865276 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims This systematic review aimed to evaluating the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) algorithms for the prediction and diagnosis of meningitis. Methods On November 12, 2022, a systematic review was carried out using a keyword search in the reliable scientific databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The recommendations of Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were adhered to. Studies conducted in English that employed ML to predict and identify meningitis were deemed to match the inclusion criteria. The eligibility requirements were used to independently review the titles and abstracts. The whole text was then obtained and independently reviewed in accordance with the eligibility requirements. Results After all the research matched the inclusion criteria, a total of 16 studies were added to the systematic review. Studies on the application of ML algorithms in the three categories of disease diagnosis ability (8.16) and disease prediction ability (8.16) (including cases related to identifying patients (50%), risk of death in patients (25%), the consequences of the disease in childhood (12.5%), and its etiology [12.5%]) were placed. Among the ML algorithms used in this study, logistic regression (LR) (4.16, 25%) and multiple logistic regression (MLR) (4.16, 25%) were the most used. All the included studies indicated improvements in the processes of diagnosis, prediction, and disease outbreak with the help of ML algorithms. Conclusion The results of the study showed that in all included studies, ML algorithms were an effective approach to facilitate diagnosis, predict consequences for risk classification, and improve resource utilization by predicting the volume of patients or services as well as discovering risk factors. The role of ML algorithms in improving disease diagnosis was more significant than disease prediction and prevalence. Meanwhile, the use of combined methods can optimize differential diagnoses and facilitate the decision-making process for healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Ghaddaripouri
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information SciencesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Maryam Ghaddaripouri
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation SciencesMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi Baigi
- Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Fatemeh Dahmardeh Kemmak
- Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Student Research CommitteeMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Neijzen D, Lunter G. Unsupervised learning for medical data: A review of probabilistic factorization methods. Stat Med 2023; 42:5541-5554. [PMID: 37850249 DOI: 10.1002/sim.9924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
We review popular unsupervised learning methods for the analysis of high-dimensional data encountered in, for example, genomics, medical imaging, cohort studies, and biobanks. We show that four commonly used methods, principal component analysis, K-means clustering, nonnegative matrix factorization, and latent Dirichlet allocation, can be written as probabilistic models underpinned by a low-rank matrix factorization. In addition to highlighting their similarities, this formulation clarifies the various assumptions and restrictions of each approach, which eases identifying the appropriate method for specific applications for applied medical researchers. We also touch upon the most important aspects of inference and model selection for the application of these methods to health data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Neijzen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerton Lunter
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
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Wang K, Zheng C, Xue L, Deng D, Zeng L, Li M, Deng X. A bibliometric analysis of 16,826 triple-negative breast cancer publications using multiple machine learning algorithms: Progress in the past 17 years. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:999312. [PMID: 36844225 PMCID: PMC9945529 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.999312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is proposed at the beginning of this century, which is still the most challenging breast cancer subtype due to its aggressive behavior, including early relapse, metastatic spread, and poor survival. This study uses machine learning methods to explore the current research status and deficiencies from a macro perspective on TNBC publications. Methods PubMed publications under "triple-negative breast cancer" were searched and downloaded between January 2005 and 2022. R and Python extracted MeSH terms, geographic information, and other abstracts from metadata. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was applied to identify specific research topics. The Louvain algorithm established a topic network, identifying the topic's relationship. Results A total of 16,826 publications were identified, with an average annual growth rate of 74.7%. Ninety-eight countries and regions in the world participated in TNBC research. Molecular pathogenesis and medication are most studied in TNBC research. The publications mainly focused on three aspects: Therapeutic target research, Prognostic research, and Mechanism research. The algorithm and citation suggested that TNBC research is based on technology that advances TNBC subtyping, new drug development, and clinical trials. Conclusion This study quantitatively analyzes the current status of TNBC research from a macro perspective and will aid in redirecting basic and clinical research toward a better outcome for TNBC. Therapeutic target research and Nanoparticle research are the present research focus. There may be a lack of research on TNBC from a patient perspective, health economics, and end-of-life care perspectives. The research direction of TNBC may require the intervention of new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangtao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chanjuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lian Xue
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dexin Deng
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Liang Zeng,
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Ming Li,
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Xiyun Deng,
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Zhang Y, Yu C, Zhao F, Xu H, Zhu C, Li Y. Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer (2000-2021): A Bibliometric Analysis. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2022; 27:224. [PMID: 36042161 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2708224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer remains one of the leading malignancies in women with distinct clinical heterogeneity and intense multidisciplinary cooperation. Remarkable progresses have been made in artificial intelligence (AI). A bibliometric analysis was taken to characterize the current picture of development of AI in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Search process was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection database with analysis and visualization performed by R software, VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Gephi. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a machine learning based algorithm, was used for analysis of topic terms. RESULTS A total of 511 publications in the field of AI in breast cancer were retrieved between 2000 to 2021. A total of 103 publications were from USA with 2482 citations, making USA the leading country in the field of AI in breast cancer, followed by China. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Peking Univ, Sichuan Univ, ScreenPoint Med BV, Lund Univ, Duke Univ, Univ Chicago, Harvard Med Sch and Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr were the leading institutions in the field of AI in breast cancer. AI, breast cancer and classification, mammography were the leading keywords. LDA topic modeling identified top fifty topics relating the AI in breast cancer. A total of five primary clusters were found within the network of fifty topics, including radiology feature, lymph node diagnosis and model, pathological tissue and image, dataset classification and machine learning, gene expression and survival. CONCLUSIONS This research depicted AI studies in breast cancer and presented insightful topic terms with future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaoran Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200240 Shanghai, China
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Xiao J, Mo M, Wang Z, Zhou C, Shen J, Yuan J, He Y, Zheng Y. Machine Learning Models for the Prediction of Breast Cancer Prognostic: Application and Comparison Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint). JMIR Med Inform 2021; 10:e33440. [PMID: 35179504 PMCID: PMC8900909 DOI: 10.2196/33440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over the recent years, machine learning methods have been increasingly explored in cancer prognosis because of the appearance of improved machine learning algorithms. These algorithms can use censored data for modeling, such as support vector machines for survival analysis and random survival forest (RSF). However, it is still debated whether traditional (Cox proportional hazard regression) or machine learning-based prognostic models have better predictive performance. Objective This study aimed to compare the performance of breast cancer prognostic prediction models based on machine learning and Cox regression. Methods This retrospective cohort study included all patients diagnosed with breast cancer and subsequently hospitalized in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016. After all exclusions, a total of 22,176 cases with 21 features were eligible for model development. The data set was randomly split into a training set (15,523 cases, 70%) and a test set (6653 cases, 30%) for developing 4 models and predicting the overall survival of patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The discriminative ability of models was evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the time-dependent area under the curve, and D-index; the calibration ability of models was evaluated by the Brier score. Results The RSF model revealed the best discriminative performance among the 4 models with 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year time-dependent area under the curve of 0.857, 0.838, and 0.781, a D-index of 7.643 (95% CI 6.542, 8.930) and a C-index of 0.827 (95% CI 0.809, 0.845). The statistical difference of the C-index was tested, and the RSF model significantly outperformed the Cox-EN (elastic net) model (C-index 0.816, 95% CI 0.796, 0.836; P=.01), the Cox model (C-index 0.814, 95% CI 0.794, 0.835; P=.003), and the support vector machine model (C-index 0.812, 95% CI 0.793, 0.832; P<.001). The 4 models’ 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year Brier scores were very close, ranging from 0.027 to 0.094 and less than 0.1, which meant all models had good calibration. In the context of feature importance, elastic net and RSF both indicated that TNM staging, neoadjuvant therapy, number of lymph node metastases, age, and tumor diameter were the top 5 important features for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. A final online tool was developed to predict the overall survival of patients with breast cancer. Conclusions The RSF model slightly outperformed the other models on discriminative ability, revealing the potential of the RSF method as an effective approach to building prognostic prediction models in the context of survival analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Mo
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhou Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changming Zhou
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulian He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Tumor Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Mosallaie S, Rad M, Schiffauerova A, Ebadi A. Discovering the evolution of artificial intelligence in cancer research using dynamic topic modeling. COLLNET JOURNAL OF SCIENTOMETRICS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09737766.2021.1958659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Mosallaie
- Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, H3G 1M8, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mahdi Rad
- Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, H3G 1M8, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Schiffauerova
- Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, H3G 1M8, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ashkan Ebadi
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, H3T 2B2, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, H3G 1M8, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Li X, Wang C, Sheng Y, Zhang J, Wang W, Yin FF, Wu Q, Wu QJ, Ge Y. An artificial intelligence-driven agent for real-time head-and-neck IMRT plan generation using conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). Med Phys 2021; 48:2714-2723. [PMID: 33577108 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an artificial intelligence (AI) agent for fully automated rapid head-and-neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plan generation without time-consuming dose-volume-based inverse planning. METHODS This AI agent was trained via implementing a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) architecture. The generator, PyraNet, is a novel deep learning network that implements 28 classic ResNet blocks in pyramid-like concatenations. The discriminator is a customized four-layer DenseNet. The AI agent first generates multiple customized two-dimensional projections at nine template beam angles from a patient's three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) volume and structures. These projections are then stacked as four-dimensional inputs of PyraNet, from which nine radiation fluence maps of the corresponding template beam angles are generated simultaneously. Finally, the predicted fluence maps are automatically postprocessed by Gaussian deconvolution operations and imported into a commercial treatment planning system (TPS) for plan integrity check and visualization. The AI agent was built and tested upon 231 oropharyngeal IMRT plans from a TPS plan library. 200/16/15 plans were assigned for training/validation/testing, respectively. Only the primary plans in the sequential boost regime were studied. All plans were normalized to 44 Gy prescription (2 Gy/fx). A customized Harr wavelet loss was adopted for fluence map comparison during the training of the PyraNet. For test cases, isodose distributions in AI plans and TPS plans were qualitatively evaluated for overall dose distributions. Key dosimetric metrics were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS All 15 AI plans were successfully generated. Isodose gradients outside of PTV in AI plans were comparable to those of the TPS plans. After PTV coverage normalization, Dmean of left parotid (DAI = 23.1 ± 2.4 Gy; DTPS = 23.1 ± 2.0 Gy), right parotid (DAI = 23.8 ± 3.0 Gy; DTPS = 23.9 ± 2.3 Gy), and oral cavity (DAI = 24.7 ± 6.0 Gy; DTPS = 23.9 ± 4.3 Gy) in the AI plans and the TPS plans were comparable without statistical significance. AI plans achieved comparable results for maximum dose at 0.01cc of brainstem (DAI = 15.0 ± 2.1 Gy; DTPS = 15.5 ± 2.7 Gy) and cord + 5mm (DAI = 27.5 ± 2.3 Gy; DTPS = 25.8 ± 1.9 Gy) without clinically relevant differences, but body Dmax results (DAI = 121.1 ± 3.9 Gy; DTPS = 109.0 ± 0.9 Gy) were higher than the TPS plan results. The AI agent needed ~3 s for predicting fluence maps of an IMRT plan. CONCLUSIONS With rapid and fully automated execution, the developed AI agent can generate complex head-and-neck IMRT plans with acceptable dosimetry quality. This approach holds great potential for clinical applications in preplanning decision-making and real-time planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chunhao Wang
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yang Sheng
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jiahan Zhang
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Wentao Wang
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Fang-Fang Yin
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Qiuwen Wu
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Q Jackie Wu
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yaorong Ge
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
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He Q, Du F, Simonse LWL. A Patient Journey Map to Improve the Home Isolation Experience of Persons With Mild COVID-19: Design Research for Service Touchpoints of Artificial Intelligence in eHealth. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e23238. [PMID: 33444156 PMCID: PMC8043148 DOI: 10.2196/23238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, 80% of the persons who are infected have mild symptoms and are required to self-recover at home. They have a strong demand for remote health care that, despite the great potential of artificial intelligence (AI), is not met by the current services of eHealth. Understanding the real needs of these persons is lacking. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to contribute a fine-grained understanding of the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms to enhance AI in eHealth services. METHODS A design research method with a qualitative approach was used to map the patient journey. Data on the home isolation experiences of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms was collected from the top-viewed personal video stories on YouTube and their comment threads. For the analysis, this data was transcribed, coded, and mapped into the patient journey map. RESULTS The key findings on the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms concerned (1) an awareness period before testing positive, (2) less typical and more personal symptoms, (3) a negative mood experience curve, (5) inadequate home health care service support for patients, and (6) benefits and drawbacks of social media support. CONCLUSIONS The design of the patient journey map and underlying insights on the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms serves health and information technology professionals in more effectively applying AI technology into eHealth services, for which three main service concepts are proposed: (1) trustworthy public health information to relieve stress, (2) personal COVID-19 health monitoring, and (3) community support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Department of Design Organisation & Strategy, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Fei Du
- Department of Design Organisation & Strategy, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Lianne W L Simonse
- Department of Design Organisation & Strategy, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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Kulakli A, Shubina I. Scientific Publication Patterns of Mobile Technologies and Apps for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment: Bibliometric Co-Word Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e19391. [PMID: 33242019 PMCID: PMC7728532 DOI: 10.2196/19391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile apps are viewed as a promising opportunity to provide support for patients who have posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The development of mobile technologies and apps shows similar trends in PTSD treatment. Therefore, this emerging research field has received substantial attention. Consequently, various research settings are planned for current and further studies. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the scientific patterns of research domains related to mobile apps and other technologies for PTSD treatment in scholarly publications, and to suggest further studies for this emerging research field. Methods We conducted a bibliometric analysis to identify publication patterns, most important keywords, trends for topicality, and text analysis, along with construction of a word cloud for papers published in the last decade (2010 to 2019). Research questions were formulated based on the relevant literature. In particular, we concentrated on highly ranked sources. Based on the proven bibliometric approach, the data were ultimately retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics). Results A total of 64 studies were found concerning the research domains. The vast majority of the papers were written in the English language (63/64, 98%) with the remaining article (1/64, 2%) written in French. The articles were written by 323 authors/coauthors from 11 different countries, with the United States predominating, followed by England, Canada, Italy, the Netherlands, Australia, France, Germany, Mexico, Sweden, and Vietnam. The most common publication type was peer-reviewed journal articles (48/64, 75%), followed by reviews (8/64, 13%), meeting abstracts (5/64, 8%), news items (2/64, 3%), and a proceeding (1/64, 2%). There was a mean of 6.4 papers published per year over the study period. There was a 100% increase in the number of publications published from 2016 to 2019 with a mean of 13.33 papers published per year during this latter period. Conclusions Although the number of papers on mobile technologies for PTSD was quite low in the early period, there has been an overall increase in this research domain in recent years (2016-2019). Overall, these findings indicate that mobile health tools in combination with traditional treatment for mental disorders among veterans increase the efficiency of health interventions, including reducing PTSD symptoms, improving quality of life, conducting intervention evaluation, and monitoring of improvements. Mobile apps and technologies can be used as supportive tools in managing pain, anger, stress, and sleep disturbance. These findings therefore provide a useful overview of the publication trends on research domains that can inform further studies and highlight potential gaps in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atik Kulakli
- Department of Management Information Systems, College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - Ivanna Shubina
- Psychology, General Education, Liberal Arts Department, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
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Li Y, Zhang T, Yang Y, Gao Y. Artificial intelligence-aided decision support in paediatrics clinical diagnosis: development and future prospects. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520945141. [PMID: 32924683 PMCID: PMC7493240 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520945141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI)-aided decision support has developed rapidly to meet the needs for effective analysis of substantial data sets from electronic medical records and medical images generated daily, and computer-assisted intelligent drug design. In clinical practice, paediatricians make medical decisions after obtaining a large amount of information about symptoms, physical examinations, laboratory test indicators, special examinations and treatments. This information is used in combination with paediatricians' knowledge and experience to form the basis of clinical decisions. This diagnosis and therapeutic strategy development based on large amounts of information storage can be applied to both large clinical databases and data for individual patients. To date, AI applications have been of great value in intelligent diagnosis and treatment, intelligent image recognition, research and development of intelligent drugs and intelligent health management. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the research and clinical use of AI in paediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Li
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China
| | - Tiannan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yushan Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Gao
- School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Sharafeldin N, Richman J, Bosworth A, Chen Y, Singh P, Patel SK, Wang X, Francisco L, Forman SJ, Wong FL, Bhatia S. Clinical and Genetic Risk Prediction of Cognitive Impairment After Blood or Marrow Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancy. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:1312-1321. [PMID: 32083992 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Using a candidate gene approach, we tested the hypothesis that individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene-level variants are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) and that inclusion of these SNPs improves risk prediction beyond that offered by clinical and demographic characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the discovery cohort, BMT recipients underwent a standardized battery of neuropsychological tests pre-BMT and at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years post-BMT. Associations between 68 candidate genes and cognitive impairment were assessed using generalized estimating equation models. Elastic-Net regression was used to build Base (sociodemographic), Clinical, and Combined (Base plus Clinical plus genetic) risk prediction models of post-BMT impairment. An independent nonoverlapping cohort from the BMT Survivor Study with self-report of learning/memory problems (as identified by their health care provider) was used for model replication. RESULTS The discovery cohort included 277 participants (58.5% males; 68.6% non-Hispanic whites; and 46.6% allogeneic BMT recipients). Adjusting for BMT type, age at BMT, sex, race/ethnicity, and cognitive reserve, SNPs in the blood-brain barrier, telomere homeostasis, and DNA repair genes were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Compared with the Clinical Model, the Combined Model had higher predictive power in both the discovery cohort (mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.93 v 0.77; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.83; P = 1.24 × 10-9) and the replication cohort (AUC, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.76 v 0.63; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.68; P = .004). CONCLUSION Inclusion of candidate genetic variants enhanced the prediction of risk of post-BMT cognitive impairment beyond that offered by demographic/clinical characteristics and represents a step toward a personalized approach to managing patients at high risk for cognitive impairment after BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Sharafeldin
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Joshua Richman
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Yanjun Chen
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Purnima Singh
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX
| | - Liton Francisco
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Stephen J Forman
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | | | - Smita Bhatia
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Sperandeo R, Messina G, Iennaco D, Sessa F, Russo V, Polito R, Monda V, Monda M, Messina A, Mosca LL, Mosca L, Dell'Orco S, Moretto E, Gigante E, Chiacchio A, Scognamiglio C, Carotenuto M, Maldonato NM. What Does Personality Mean in the Context of Mental Health? A Topic Modeling Approach Based on Abstracts Published in Pubmed Over the Last 5 Years. Front Psychiatry 2020; 10:938. [PMID: 31998157 PMCID: PMC6962292 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality disorders (PDs) are one of the major problems for the organization of public health systems. Deepening the link between personality traits and psychopathological drifts, it seems increasingly essential for the often dramatic repercussions that PDs have on social contexts. Some of these disorders, such as borderline PD, antisocial PD, in their most tragic expression, are the basis of problems related to crime, sexual violence, abuse, and mistreatment of minors. Many authors propose a dimensional classification of personality pathology, which has received empirical support from numerous studies over the last 20 years based on more robust theoretical principles than those applied to current nosography. The present study investigates the nature of the research carried out in the last years on the personality in the clinical field exploring the contents of current research on personality relapses, evaluating, on the one hand, the emerging areas of greatest interest and others, those that they stopped generating sufficient motivations in scholars. This study evaluates text patterns regarding how the terms "personality" and "mental health" are used in titles and abstracts published in PubMed in the last 5 years. We use a topic analysis: Latent Dirichlet Allocation that expresses every report as a probabilistic distribution of latent topics that are represented as a probabilistic distribution of words. A total of 7,572 abstracts (from 2012 to 2017) were retrieved from PubMed for the query on "mental health" and "personality." The study found 30 topics organized in eight hierarchical clusters that describe the type of current research carried out on personality and its clinical relapse. The hierarchical clusters latent themes were the following: social dimensions, clinical aspects, biological issues, clinical history of PD, internalization and externalization symptoms, impulsive behaviors, comorbidities, criminal behaviors. The results indicate that the concept of personality is associated with a wide range of conditions. The study of personality and mental health still proceeds, mainly, according to a practical-clinical approach; too little moves, however, according to an innovative research approach, but the work shows the common commitment of scholars to a new way of dealing with the study of personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Sperandeo
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
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Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Iennaco
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
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Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
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Department of Ophthalmology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
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Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli,Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
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Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
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Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
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Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Luciana Mosca
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Laura Mosca
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Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli,Caserta, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Orco
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Enrico Moretto
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Elena Gigante
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Antonello Chiacchio
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Chiara Scognamiglio
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SiPGI–Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
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Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Vaishya R, Javaid M, Haleem A, Khan I, Vaish A. Extending capabilities of artificial intelligence for decision-making and healthcare education. APOLLO MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/am.am_10_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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