Association of Autophagy Gene ATG16L1 Polymorphism with Human Prostate Cancer and Bladder Cancer in Turkish Population

Association of ATG10 rs1864183, ATG16L1 rs2241880 and miR-126 with esophageal cancer

BACKGROUND

In India, esophageal cancer (EC) is among the major cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes. In recent past, autophagy has emerged as one of the crucial process associated with cancer. In the development of EC, the role of autophagy and the precise molecular mechanism involved has yet to be fully understood. Recently, a small number of studies have proposed how variations in autophagy genes affect the growth and development of EC. Micro-RNA's are also known to play a critical role in the development of EC. Here, we examined the relationship between the risk of EC and two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the key autophagy genes, ATG10 rs1864183 and ATG16L1 rs2241880. We also analyzed the association of miR-107 and miR-126 with EC as these miRNA's are associated with autophagy.

METHODS AND RESULTS

A total of 230 EC patients and 230 healthy controls from North-west Indian population were enrolled. ATG10 rs1864183 and ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism were analyzed using TaqMan genotyping assay. Expression levels of miR-107 and miR-126 were analyzed through quantitative PCR using SYBR green chemistry. We found significant association of CT + CC genotype (OR 0.64, p = 0.022) in recessive model for ATG10 rs1864183 polymorphism with decreased EC risk. For ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism significant association for AG genotype (OR 1.48, p = 0.05) and G allele (OR 1.43, p = 0.025) was observed for increased EC risk. Expression levels of miR-126 were also found to be significantly up regulated (p = 0.008).

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that ATG10 rs1864183, ATG16L1 rs2241880 and miR-126 may be associated with esophageal carcinogenesis and warrant further investigation.

Potentially functional variants of autophagy-related genes are associated with the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the major invasive malignant neoplasms of head and neck, while radiotherapy is the primary therapy for NPC. Genetic variants could affect the efficacy and toxicities of radiotherapy in NPC patients.

Methods

In the current study, we aimed to investigate 10 potentially functional SNPs of autophagy‐related genes (ATG) with the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy in 468 NPC patients.

Results

We found ATG10 rs10514231, rs1864183, and rs4703533 were significantly associated with worse efficacy of radiotherapy at both at the primary tumor and lymph node, while ATG16L2 rs10898880 was significantly associated with better efficacy of radiotherapy at both primary tumor and lymph node. Besides, we also found ATG10 rs10514231 and ATG16L2 rs10898880 were significantly associated with the occurrence of grade 3–4 oral mucositis (allelic model, for rs10514231: OR = 1.95, 95% CIs = 1.31–2.9, p = .001; for rs10898880: OR = 1.56, 95% CIs = 1.19–2.04, p = .001) and grade 3–4 myelosuppression (allelic model, for rs10514231: OR = 2.08, 95% CIs = 1.39–3.09, p < .001; for rs10898880: OR = 1.51, 95% CIs = 1.1–2.06, p = .010).

Conclusions

This should be the first report identifying ATG10 rs10514231, rs1864183, rs4703533, and ATG16L2 rs10898880 could contribute to the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy in NPC patients. Further investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms and prospective clinical trials in NPC patients are needed to validate our results.

Investigation of ATG16L1 rs2241880 Polymorphism with Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Background and Objectives: Previous studies have investigated the impact of the ATG16L1 rs2241880 (Thr300Ala) polymorphism on individual susceptibility to cancer, but the conclusions are still controversial. To get a more precise evaluation of the correlation between ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility, we performed a meta-analysis of the association of all eligible studies. Materials and Methods: Searches were performed in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases up to November 2018. A total of 12 case-control studies from 9 articles comprising 2254 cases and 4974 controls were included. Statistical analysis was achieved by STATA 14.1 and Review Manager 5.3 software. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under five genetic models were used to determine the strength of association among rs2241880 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. Results: The findings did not support an association between the rs2241880 variant in either the overall study population or the subgroups, based on cancer types and ethnicity in any of the genetic models. As far as we know, our study is the first meta-analysis of the association between rs2241880 polymorphism and cancer risk. Conclusions: In conclusion, the findings of this meta-analysis proposes that the ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism may not play a role in cancer development. Further well-designed studies are necessary to clarify the precise role of the ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism on cancer risk.