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Kandeda AK, Menvouta S, Mabou ST, Kouamouo J, Dimo T. Aqueous extract of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. (Fabaceae) exerts antiepileptogenic, anti-amnesic, and anxiolytic-like effects in mice via mechanisms involving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:995881. [PMID: 36353486 PMCID: PMC9638135 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.995881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. (Fabaceae) is a widely distributed tree, used in traditional medicine to treat amebiasis, hookworm infection, ascariasis, asthma, sterility, dental pain, headaches, cardiac disorders, and epilepsy. To date, no study on the effect of an aqueous extract of P. biglobosa on epileptogenesis and associated neuropsychiatric disorders has been undertaken. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate antiepileptogenic-, antiamnesic-, and anxiolytic-like effects of an aqueous extract of P. biglobosa using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling in mice. Animals were divided into six groups of eight mice each. Thus, a PTZ group received distilled water (10 ml/kg, per os), a positive control group received sodium valproate (300 mg/kg, p.o.), and three test groups received the aqueous extract of P. biglobosa (80, 160, and 320 mg/kg, p.o.).In addition, a control group of eight mice receiving distilled water (10 ml/kg, p.o.) was formed. The treatments were administered to mice, 60 min before administration of PTZ (20 mg/kg, i.p.). These co-administrations were performed once daily, for 22 days. The number and duration of seizures (stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 of seizures) exhibited by each mouse were assessed for 30 min during the treatment period. Twenty-four hours following the last administration of the treatments and PTZ, novel object recognition and T-maze tests were performed to assess working memory impairment in mice, while the open field test was performed to assess anxiety-like behavior. After these tests, the animals were sacrificed, and the hippocampi were collected for biochemical and histological analysis. During the period of PTZ-kindling, the extract at all doses completely (p < 0.001) protected all mice against stages 3 and 4 of seizures when compared to sodium valproate, a standard antiepileptic drug. The extract also significantly (p < 0.001) attenuated working memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior. In post-mortem brain analyses, the extract significantly (p < 0.001) increased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation. Histological analysis showed that the aqueous extract attenuated neuronal degeneration/necrosis in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the extract is endowed with antiepileptogenic-, anti-amnesic-, and anxiolytic-like effects. These effects seem to be mediated in part by GABAergic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. These results suggest the merit of further studies to isolate the bioactive molecules responsible for these potentially therapeutically relevant effects of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Kavaye Kandeda
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- *Correspondence: Antoine Kavaye Kandeda,
| | - Soline Menvouta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Mountains, Bangangté, Cameroon
| | | | - Jonas Kouamouo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Mountains, Bangangté, Cameroon
| | - Théophile Dimo
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Seneme EF, dos Santos DC, Silva EMR, Franco YEM, Longato GB. Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential of Myristicin: A Literature Review. Molecules 2021; 26:5914. [PMID: 34641457 PMCID: PMC8512857 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been used by humanity for many centuries to treat various illnesses and with the advancement of technology, it became possible to isolate the substances responsible for the beneficial effects of these products, as well as to understand their mechanisms. In this context, myristicin, a substance of natural origin, has shown several promising activities in a large number of in vitro and in vivo studies carried out. This molecule is found in plants such as nutmeg, parsley, carrots, peppers, and several species endemic to the Asian continent. The purpose of this review article is to discuss data published in the last 10 years at Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases, reporting beneficial effects, toxicity and promising data of myristicin for its future use in medicine. From 94 articles found in the literature, 68 were included. Exclusion criteria took into account articles whose tested extracts did not have myristicin as one of the major compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Frederico Seneme
- Research Laboratory in Molecular Pharmacology of Bioactive Compounds, São Francisco University (USF), Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil; (E.F.S.); (D.C.d.S.); (E.M.R.S.)
- Graduate Program in Health Science, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Daiane Carla dos Santos
- Research Laboratory in Molecular Pharmacology of Bioactive Compounds, São Francisco University (USF), Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil; (E.F.S.); (D.C.d.S.); (E.M.R.S.)
- Graduate Program in Health Science, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Evelyn Marcela Rodrigues Silva
- Research Laboratory in Molecular Pharmacology of Bioactive Compounds, São Francisco University (USF), Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil; (E.F.S.); (D.C.d.S.); (E.M.R.S.)
| | - Yollanda Edwirges Moreira Franco
- Graduate Program in Health Science, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Barbarini Longato
- Research Laboratory in Molecular Pharmacology of Bioactive Compounds, São Francisco University (USF), Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil; (E.F.S.); (D.C.d.S.); (E.M.R.S.)
- Graduate Program in Health Science, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916900, SP, Brazil;
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Zhao W, Song F, Hu D, Chen H, Zhai Q, Lu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Gu Z, Wang G. The Protective Effect of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Extracts Against Obesity and Inflammation by Regulating Free Fatty Acids Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2507. [PMID: 32825154 PMCID: PMC7551042 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disorder characterized by the excess accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes. It is commonly associated with severe obesity and inflammation. Free fatty acids (FFAs) are the key to regulate lipid metabolism and immune response in hepatocyte cells. This study examined the effects of AEN (alcohol extract of nutmeg, the seed of Myristica fragrans Houtt.) on the inhibition of lipid synthesis and inflammation in vitro and in vivo and on high-fat diet-induced obesity in NAFLD mice. Our results showed that AEN treatment could downregulate the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and lower the lipid content of cells. AEN also inhibited FFAs-mediated inflammation-related cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) expression in cells. In a mouse model, AEN reduced the bodyweight of obese mice and improved NAFLD without affecting food intake. Further analysis revealed that AEN significantly reduced inflammation level, cholesterol and lipid accumulation, blood glucose, and other liver function indexes in mice fed with a high-fat diet. In conclusion, AEN inhibited the aggravation of obesity and inflammation by downregulating lipid-gene expression in the liver to ameliorate NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fanfen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Diangeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhennan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (F.S.); (D.H.); (H.C.); (Q.Z.); (W.L.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
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