Revisiones Sistemáticas Exploratorias como metodología para la síntesis del conocimiento científico

Features of human papillomavirus vaccination education strategies in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to describe studies on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination education strategies from low- and middle-income countries in the published literature that could be applicable in Sub-Sahara Africa.

STUDY DESIGN

This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework advanced by Levac et al.

METHODS

We searched four electronic health sciences databases for relevant reports published between January 2006 and January 2021. Two reviewers screened for inclusion and extracted data for analysis and synthesis. Descriptive statistics and narrative descriptions were used to summarize the findings.

RESULTS

The database search retrieved 1757 reports, of which 48 were from low- and middle-income countries and met the inclusion criteria. Of these, there were 39 interventional studies (81.3%). Less than one-fifth of the studies (n = 9) reported a theoretical basis for their strategies. Most strategies sought to improve knowledge and awareness about HPV (75%, n = 36), whereas outcomes for the remaining studies were related to increasing HPV vaccine acceptability. HPV education strategies (1) primarily targeted females, (2) were mostly provided by health professionals, and (3) used various modalities of learning, including in-person sessions, text-based materials, media, theater, and online delivery.

CONCLUSIONS

HPV educational strategies are underresearched in most LMICs, suggesting the need for more primary observational, interventional, and experimental research, as well as program evaluations, focused on HPV educational strategies and theoretically informed. Once additional studies are added to the body of evidence, it will be valuable to review and synthesize diverse sources of evidence to determine what educational strategies are most useful and have the greatest impact on HPV vaccination in these settings, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa.

Challenges of undocumented immigrants in Canada and the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review

Purpose

Pandemics pose challenges to all groups of people and all aspects of human lives. Undocumented migrants are likely to face more challenges during global pandemics. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possible challenges of undocumented immigrants in Canada and the USA in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

From existing literature, the authors examined the challenges of undocumented migrants in Canada and the USA and suggested recommendations to address those challenges at both policy and national levels.

Findings

The undocumented status of some international immigrants makes them vulnerable in their host nations. They face myriad challenges in their host countries, spanning from economic, health, social isolation and employment challenges, and these are further exacerbated during pandemics such as the ongoing COVID-19. The provision of culturally sensitive and safe policies may support this particular population, especially in times of crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value

This paper provides critical insights into the possible intersections that worsen the vulnerability of undocumented migrants in pandemic crises like COVID-19. Further, this review serves to initiate the discourse on policy and interventions for undocumented immigrants during pandemics or disease outbreaks.

Acciones colectivas frente al Covid-19 en Latinoamérica: Una exploración desde la psicología comunitaria crítica

Comprender las acciones colectivas en la actual coyuntura del Covid-19 es fundamental para quienes efectúan investigación e intervención en el campo de la Psicología y otras ciencias sociales. Desde la perspectiva de la Psicología comunitaria crítica, la presente revisión exploratoria de literatura identifica acciones colectivas hechas en Latinoamérica durante 2020, para atender las necesidades de varias comunidades. Se identificaron acciones diversas, aunque documentadas en publicaciones que no están explícitamente posicionadas desde la referida perspectiva de Psicología comunitaria. En dichas acciones registradas se priorizó un asistencialismo de emergencia, sobre todo en torno a la salud y la alimentación de grupos vulnerables. Acciones de participación política y transformación social explícita parecen haber sido menos frecuentes. Los autores discuten el rol clave que tendría el estudio de las acciones colectivas para precautelar la supervivencia y el bienestar humano, en contraste con perspectivas que podrían tender a psicologizar y patologizar a las comunidades afectadas por la coyuntura pandémica y por la inequidad estructural. La tecnología digital tuvo un rol importante en algunas acciones, mientras otras sugieren el potencial estratégico de determinados colectivos, como las mujeres y los jóvenes. Se destaca la importancia analítica de abordar las acciones colectivas trascendiendo nociones conductuales mecanicistas, considerando de modo intercultural la pluralidad de significados en contextos concretos, desde una mirada de interseccionalidad, e incorporando categorías clave como acción, agencia-estructura, ideología, poder, y participación comunitaria.