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Yarosh AM, Tonkovtseva VV, Grigoriev PE, Batura IA. [Impact of essential oil vapors inhalation on blood pressure in patients with hypertension]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOI FIZICHESKOI KULTURY 2023; 100:22-30. [PMID: 37141519 DOI: 10.17116/kurort202310002122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Increase of patients with hypertension in the world determines the search for new, accessible, easily applicable and mildly effective antihypertensive agents, particularly essential oils (EO). Currently available studies of the EO impact on blood pressure do not allow to assess the efficiency of such therapy. OBJECTIVE To perform the comparative study of antihypertensive effects of inhalation with EO vapors of various composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigation included 849 women aged 55-89 years with hypertension. Two examination series were done: 10- and 20-minute duration procedures. Trial subjects were divided into control (psychorelaxation procedure) and experimental (psychorelaxation procedure combined with the EO inhalation of common basil, Italian immortelle, clove tree, common hyssop, cardamom, coriander, Caucasian nepeta, nepeta cataria, spicate lavender, bay laurel, the sort «Oxamitov» of brook-mint, the sorts «Prilutskaya», «Udaichanka», «Ukrainian» of pepper mint, the Siberian fir, Tauric wormwood, the sort «Crimean red» of rose, rosmarinus officinalis, Scotch pine, fennel, mountain savory, garden savory and clary sage; EO concentration in air - 1 mg/m3) groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate were measured, as well as the coefficient of blood circulation efficiency and Robinson index were calculated before and after the examination in trial subjects. RESULTS It has been established that the EO of clary sage, bay laurel, Caucasian nepeta and the sort «Oxamitov» of brook-mint have antihypertensive action at both 10-minute and 20-minute exposure. The antihypertensive action of EO of common basil, clove tree, coriander, nepeta cataria, the sort «Crimean red» of rose, rosmarinus officinalis, garden savory was found after 10-minute exposure. There was no antihypertensive action in EO application of Italian immortelle, common hyssop, spicate lavender, the sorts «Prilutskaya», «Ukrainian», «Udaichanka» of pepper mint, Siberian fir, tauric wormwood, Scotch pine and fennel. CONCLUSION The EO vapors' inhalation of clary sage, bay laurel, Caucasian nepeta, the sort «Oxamitov» of brook-mint, common basil, clove tree, coriander, nepeta cataria, the sort «Crimean red» of rose, rosmarinus officinalis and garden savory can be a promising method to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Yarosh
- State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, Russia
| | - V V Tonkovtseva
- State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, Russia
| | - P E Grigoriev
- State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, Russia
| | - I A Batura
- State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, Russia
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Song X, Fu X. Association of Pentachlorophenol with Fetal Risk of Prolonged Bradycardia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7552294. [PMID: 35388327 PMCID: PMC8977334 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7552294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study explored the systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of different concentrations of PCP on the risk of long-term bradycardia in fetuses. Methods Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, China Biomedical Literature Service, CNCNKI, and Wanfang database were computerized to collect all case-control studies on the association between variety classes and different concentrations of environmental pollutant gas to fetal of prolonged bradycardia. After evaluating the quality of the inclusion study and extracting valid data, meta-analysis was performed using Stata15 software. Relative hazards were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel method and the random effect model, and P values and I 2 values were used for heterogeneity evaluation. When heterogeneity occurs, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to explore the sources. Results A total of 15 studies were included, including 1202 patients with fetal of prolonged bradycardia and 1380 in the control population. Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in PCP < 0.1 mg/L between the experimental group and control group (OR = 1.03, 95% CI (0.62, 1.72), P=0.90, I 2 = 0%, Z = 0.13), but there was a statistical difference in PCP > 5 mg/L (OR = 1.73, 95% CI (1.15, 2.58), P=0.008, I 2 = 0%, Z = 2.65), PCP > 10 mg/L (OR = 1.75, 95% CI (1.19, 2.57), P=0.004, I 2 = 14%, Z = 2.85), and PCP >15 mg/L (OR = 2.02, 95% CI (1.38, 2.95), P=0.0003, I 2 = 77%, Z = 3.61). Conclusion In this study, we found that different concentrations of PCP increased the risk of long-term bradycardia in fetuses, and the risk coefficient increased with the increase of PCP concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Song
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
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Hazari MS, Stratford KM, Krantz T, King C, Krug J, Farraj AK, Gilmour I. Comparative Cardiopulmonary Effects of Particulate Matter- And Ozone-Enhanced Smog Atmospheres in Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3071-3080. [PMID: 29388764 PMCID: PMC6089361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the cardiac effects of particulate matter (PM)- (SA-PM) and ozone(O3)-enhanced (SA-O3) smog atmospheres in mice. Based on our previous findings of filtered diesel exhaust we hypothesized that SA-O3 would cause greater cardiac dysfunction than SA-PM. Radiotelemetered mice were exposed to either SA-PM, SA-O3, or filtered air (FA) for 4 h. Heart rate (HR) and electrocardiogram were recorded continuously before, during and after exposure. Both SA-PM and SA-O3 increased heart rate variability (HRV) but only SA-PM increased HR. Normalization of responses to total hydrocarbons, gas-only hydrocarbons and PM concentration were performed to assess the relative contribution of each phase given the compositional variability. Normalization to PM concentration revealed that SA-O3 was more potent in increasing HRV, arrhythmogenesis, and causing ventilatory changes. However, there were no differences when the responses were normalized to total or gas-phase only hydrocarbons. Thus, this study demonstrates that a single exposure to smog causes cardiac effects in mice. Although the responses of SA-PM and SA-O3 are similar, the latter is more potent in causing electrical disturbances and breathing changes potentially due to the effects of irritant gases, which should therefore be accounted for more rigorously in health assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi S. Hazari
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Kimberly M. Stratford
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Todd Krantz
- Inhalation Toxicology Facilities Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Charly King
- Inhalation Toxicology Facilities Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Jonathan Krug
- Exposure Methods and Measurement Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Aimen K. Farraj
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Ian Gilmour
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
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Stratford K, Haykal-Coates N, Thompson L, Krantz QT, King C, Krug J, Gilmour MI, Farraj A, Hazari M. Early-Life Persistent Vitamin D Deficiency Alters Cardiopulmonary Responses to Particulate Matter-Enhanced Atmospheric Smog in Adult Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3054-3061. [PMID: 29382191 PMCID: PMC8006180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Early life nutritional deficiencies can lead to increased cardiovascular susceptibility to environmental exposures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of early life persistent vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on the cardiopulmonary response to a particulate matter-enhanced photochemical smog. Mice were fed a VDD or normal diet (ND) after weaning. At 17 weeks of age, mice were implanted with radiotelemeters to monitor electrocardiogram, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV). Ventilatory function was measured throughout the diet before and after smog exposure using whole-body plethysmography. VDD mice had lower HR, increased HRV, and decreased tidal volume compared with ND. Regardless of diet, HR decreased during air exposure; this response was blunted by smog in ND mice and to a lesser degree in VDD. When compared with ND, VDD increased HRV during air exposure and more so with smog. However, smog only increased cardiac arrhythmias in ND mice. This study demonstrates that VDD alters the cardiopulmonary response to smog, highlighting the possible influence of nutritional factors in determining responses to air pollution. The mechanism of how VDD induces these effects is currently unknown, but modifiable factors should be considered when performing risk assessment of complex air pollution atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Stratford
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Najwa Haykal-Coates
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Leslie Thompson
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Q. Todd Krantz
- Inhalation Toxicology Facilities Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Charly King
- Inhalation Toxicology Facilities Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Jonathan Krug
- Exposure Methods and Measurement Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - M. Ian Gilmour
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Aimen Farraj
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
| | - Mehdi Hazari
- Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
- Corresponding author: Mehdi S. Hazari, Environmental Public Health Division, USEPA, 109 Alexander Drive, B105; Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; (Phone: 919-541-4588; Fax: 919-541-0034; )
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Zhang Z, Guo C, Lau AKH, Chan TC, Chuang YC, Lin C, Jiang WK, Yeoh EK, Tam T, Woo KS, Yan BP, Chang LY, Wong MCS, Lao XQ. Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter, Blood Pressure, and Incident Hypertension in Taiwanese Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:017008. [PMID: 29351544 PMCID: PMC6014706 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution may increase blood pressure and the risk of hypertension. However, epidemiological evidence is scarce and inconsistent. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations between long-term exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5μm (PM2.5), blood pressure, and incident hypertension in a large Taiwanese cohort. METHODS We studied 361,560 adults ≥18y old from a large cohort who participated in a standard medical examination program during 2001 to 2014. Among this group, 125,913 nonhypertensive participants were followed up. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was used to estimate the 2-y average PM2.5 concentrations at each participant's address. Multivariable linear regression was used in the cross-sectional data analysis with the 361,560 participants to investigate the associations between PM2.5 and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP), and Cox proportional hazard regression was used in the cohort data analysis with the 125,913 participants to investigate the associations between PM2.5 and incident hypertension. RESULTS Each 10-μg/m3 increment in the 2-y average PM2.5 concentration was associated with increases of 0.45 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40, 0.50], 0.07 mmHg (95% CI: 0.04, 0.11), and 0.38 mmHg (95% CI: 0.33, 0.42) in SBP, DBP, and PP, respectively, after adjusting for a wide range of covariates and possible confounders. Each 10-μg/m3 increment in the 2-y average PM2.5 concentration was associated with an increase of 3% in the risk of developing hypertension [hazard ratio=1.03 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.05)]. Stratified and sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 air pollution is associated with higher blood pressure and an increased risk of hypertension. These findings reinforce the importance of air pollution mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cui Guo
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alexis K H Lau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Changqing Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Eng-Kiong Yeoh
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tony Tam
- Department of Sociology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam S Woo
- Institute of Future Cities, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bryan P Yan
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ly-Yun Chang
- MJ Health Research Foundation, MJ Group, Taiwan
- Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Martin C S Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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Effects of simvastatin on pulmonary C-fiber sensitivity in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011; 30:332-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Brook RD. Is air pollution a cause of cardiovascular disease? Updated review and controversies. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2007; 22:115-37. [PMID: 17894203 DOI: 10.1515/reveh.2007.22.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The focus of this review will be on the role that both acute and chronic exposure to PM plays in causing cardiovascular disease and on the latest major new findings and controversies in this field of research. Even short-term exposure to PM2.5 over a few hours can trigger myocardial infarctions, cardiac ischemia, arrhythmias, heart failure, stroke, exacerbation of peripheral arterial disease, and sudden death. Chronic exposure to moderately elevated levels also enhances the risk for developing a variety of cardiovascular diseases, possibly including hypertension and systemic atherosclerosis. Recent epidemiologic studies have furthered our understanding of the linkage between air pollutants and human health, with a multitude of plausible mechanistic explanations having been demonstrated experimentally during the past few years. Although a number of finer details relating to both the epidemiology and the mechanisms involved require more investigation, the overall weight of evidence is now sufficient to implicate PM exposure as a cause of cardiovascular disease. Without doubt, exposure to particulate matter can play a causal role in triggering a host of acute cardiovascular events via many mechanisms. Although long-term air pollution exposure has been shown to promote the development of atherosclerosis, the clinical significance of this relation requires more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, USA.
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