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Suffice P, Cheveau M, Imbeau L, Mazerolle MJ, Asselin H, Drapeau P. Habitat, Climate, and Fisher and Marten Distributions. J Wildl Manage 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Suffice
- Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue 445 boulevard de l'Université Rouyn‐Noranda Québec J9X 5E4 Canada
| | - Marianne Cheveau
- Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Gouvernement du QuébecDirection générale de la gestion de la faune et des habitats 880, chemin Sainte‐Foy, 2e étage Québec Québec G1S 4X4 Canada
| | - Louis Imbeau
- Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue 445 boulevard de l'Université Rouyn‐Noranda Québec J9X 5E4 Canada
| | - Marc J. Mazerolle
- Centre d'étude de la forêt, Département des sciences du bois et de la forêtPavillon Abitibi‐Price 2405 rue de la Terrasse, Université Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Hugo Asselin
- Université du Québec en Abitibi‐Témiscamingue 445 boulevard de l'Université Rouyn‐Noranda Québec J9X 5E4 Canada
| | - Pierre Drapeau
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des sciences biologiques 141, Avenue du Président‐Kennedy Montréal Québec H2X 1Y4 Canada
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Jensen PG, Humphries MM. Abiotic conditions mediate intraguild interactions between mammalian carnivores. J Anim Ecol 2019; 88:1305-1318. [PMID: 31236935 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intraguild (IG) interactions are common among mammalian carnivores, can include intraguild predation (IGP) and interspecific killing (IK), and are often asymmetrical, where a larger more dominant species (IGpredator ) kills a smaller one (IGprey ). According to ecological theory, the potential for an IGpredator and IGprey to coexist depends on whether the direct consumptive benefits for the IGpredator are substantial (IGP) or insignificant (IK), the extent to which the IGprey is the superior exploitative competitor on shared prey resources, and overall ecosystem productivity. We used resource selection models and spatially explicit age and harvest data for two closely related mesopredators that engage in IG interactions, American martens (Martes americana; IGprey ) and fishers (Pekania pennanti; IGpredator ), to identify drivers of distributions, delineate areas of sympatry and allopatry, and explore the role of an apex predator (coyote; Canis latrans) on these interactions. Model selection revealed that fisher use of this landscape was strongly influenced by late winter abiotic conditions, but other bottom-up (forest composition) and top-down (coyote abundance) factors also influenced their distribution. Overall, fisher probability of use was higher where late winter temperatures were warmer, snowpack was deeper, and measures of productivity were greater. Martens were constrained to areas of the landscape where the probability of fisher use, coyote abundance, and productivity were low and selected for forest conditions that presumably maximized prey availability. Marten age data indicated an increased proportion of juveniles outside of the predicted area of sympatry, suggesting that few animals survived >1.5 years in this area that supported higher densities of fishers and coyotes. Consistent with asymmetrical IG interaction theory, the IGpredator (fishers and, to a lesser degree, coyotes) competitively excluded the IGprey (martens) from more productive, milder temperature habitats, whereas IGpredators and IGprey coexisted in low productivity environments, where a combination of abiotic and biotic conditions enabled the IGprey to be the superior exploitative competitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Jensen
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada.,Division of Fish and Wildlife, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Ray Brook, New York
| | - Murray M Humphries
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
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Burgar JM, Stewart FE, Volpe JP, Fisher JT, Burton AC. Estimating density for species conservation: Comparing camera trap spatial count models to genetic spatial capture-recapture models. Glob Ecol Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bertrand P, Bowman J, Dyer RJ, Manseau M, Wilson PJ. Sex-specific graphs: Relating group-specific topology to demographic and landscape data. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:3898-3912. [PMID: 28488269 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sex-specific genetic structure is a commonly observed pattern among vertebrate species. Facing differential selective pressures, individuals may adopt sex-specific life history traits that ultimately shape genetic variation among populations. Although differential dispersal dynamics are commonly detected in the literature, few studies have used genetic structure to investigate sex-specific functional connectivity. The recent use of graph theoretic approaches in landscape genetics has demonstrated network capacities to describe complex system behaviours where network topology represents genetic interaction among subunits. Here, we partition the overall genetic structure into sex-specific graphs, revealing different male and female dispersal dynamics of a fisher (Pekania [Martes] pennanti) metapopulation in southern Ontario. Our analyses based on network topologies supported the hypothesis of male-biased dispersal. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the effect of the landscape, identified at the population level, could be partitioned among sex-specific strata. We found that female connectivity was negatively correlated with snow depth, whereas connectivity among males was not. Our findings underscore the potential of conducting sex-specific analysis by identifying landscape elements or configuration that differentially promotes or impedes functional connectivity between sexes, revealing processes that may otherwise remain cryptic. We propose that the sex-specific graph approach would be applicable to other vagile species where differential sex-specific processes are expected to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Bertrand
- Département de Biologie, Chimie & Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Jeff Bowman
- Wildlife Research & Monitoring Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Rodney J Dyer
- Center for Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Micheline Manseau
- Office of the Chief Ecosystem Scientist, Gatineau, QC, Canada.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Paul J Wilson
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
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Fournier P, Maizeret C, Fournier-Chambrillon C, Ilbert N, Aulagnier S, Spitz F. Spatial behaviour of European minkMustela lutreola and polecatMustela putorius in southwestern France. MAMMAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03195195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Linden DW, Fuller AK, Royle JA, Hare MP. Examining the occupancy-density relationship for a low-density carnivore. J Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Linden
- New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Department of Natural Resources; Cornell University; 211 Fernow Hall Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Angela K. Fuller
- U.S. Geological Survey; New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Department of Natural Resources; Cornell University; 211 Fernow Hall Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - J. Andrew Royle
- U.S. Geological Survey; Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; Laurel MD 20708 USA
| | - Matthew P. Hare
- Department of Natural Resources; Cornell University; 205 Fernow Hall Ithaca NY 14853 USA
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Towerton AL, Kavanagh RP, Penman TD, Dickman CR. Ranging behaviour and movements of the red fox in remnant forest habitats. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/wr15203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context The Eurasian red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a widespread pest in mixed agricultural and remnant forest habitats in southern Australia, and is controlled most commonly with baits containing poison (1080) to protect both agricultural and ecological assets. An understanding of fox movements in such habitats should assist in the strategic placement of baits and increase bait encounters by foxes across the landscape, thus improving the success of control efforts. Aims We seek to understand the ranges, movements and habitat use of foxes to aid the development of effective management plans. The fate of tracked animals was examined during a control program. Methods We radio-tracked 10 foxes using VHF transmitters and three foxes using GPS receivers during control operations in a remnant forest area near Dubbo, New South Wales. We used VHF location fixes to estimate fox range areas and GPS fixes to describe temporal and spatial aspects of fox movements and range use, focal points of activity and potential bait encounters. Selection of forest versus cleared areas was assessed, as was the impact of control operations on collared foxes. Key results Range areas (mean ± s.e.; 95% minimum convex polygon) for VHF- and GPS-tracked foxes were 420 ha ± 74 and 4462 ha ± 1799 respectively. Only small parts of range areas were visited on a daily basis, with little overlap. Animals were often within 200 m of roads and crossed or travelled on roads more than expected. At least 75% of collared foxes were probably poisoned in the control program. Conclusions Foxes occupy large ranges and move long distances in the study region, with little daily overlap, so successful defence of range areas is unlikely. Control efforts successfully poisoned foxes but also limited data collection because of reduced tracking periods. Implications The large and variable areas occupied by foxes suggested that control efforts need to be on-going, coordinated across the landscape, and use a minimum bait density of 0.5 baits per 100 ha in remnant forest habitat to ensure that gaps are minimised. Control operations should target roads and forest edges for bait placement, and increase the time that baits are available, to increase fox encounters and maximise the success of control efforts.
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Weir RD, Lofroth EC, Phinney M, Harris LR. Spatial and Genetic Relationships of Fishers in Boreal Mixed-Wood Forests of Northeastern British Columbia. NORTHWEST SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.3955/046.087.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gorman TA, Erb JD, McMillan BR, Martin DJ. SPACE USE AND SOCIALITY OF RIVER OTTERS (LONTRA CANADENSIS) IN MINNESOTA. J Mammal 2006. [DOI: 10.1644/05-mamm-a-337r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Zielinski WJ, Truex RL, Schmidt GA, Schlexer FV, Schmidt KN, Barrett RH. HOME RANGE CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHERSIN CALIFORNIA. J Mammal 2004. [DOI: 10.1644/bos-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Fuller TK, York EC, Powell SM, Decker TA, DeGraaf RM. An evaluation of territory mapping to estimate fisher density. CAN J ZOOL 2001. [DOI: 10.1139/z01-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated winter-territory mapping as a method for estimating fisher (Martes pennanti) density in a 210-km2 survey area in north-central Massachusetts in 1994 and 1995 by comparing estimates with simultaneous camera markresight estimates. Assuming intrasexual territoriality and accounting for all occupied habitat, territories of resident radio-marked fishers were mapped (mean = 54% of all territories in the study area), and those of unmarked resident fishers were identified from tracks and photographs. The total number indicated a population of 40 (19/100 km2) and 49 (23/100 km2) residents for 1994 and 1995, respectively. Results from replicated automatic-camera capturemarkresight surveys suggested slightly higher total numbers and densities of fishers in 1994 (44.5; 21/100 km2) and 1995 (52.9; 25/100 km2), but these estimates likely also included nonresident juveniles. Territory mapping and automatic-camera markresight methods resulted in very similar population estimates, but both require large numbers of radio-marked fishers to effectively detect small population changes (e.g., such as the 20% observed in this study). Individually marking animals would enhance markrecapture estimates.
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Williams RN, Rhodes OE, Serfass TL. ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIANCE AMONG SOURCE AND REINTRODUCED FISHER POPULATIONS. J Mammal 2000. [DOI: 10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<0895:aogvas>2.3.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rooney SM, Wolfe A, Hayden TJ. Autocorrelated data in telemetry studies: time to independence and the problem of behavioural effects. Mamm Rev 1998. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2907.1998.00028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Genovesi P, Sinibaldi I, Boitani L. Spacing patterns and territoriality of the stone marten. CAN J ZOOL 1997. [DOI: 10.1139/z97-828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen stone martens (Martes foina) were intensively radio-tracked in central Italy in order to assess their spacing patterns. Home-range sizes and distances travelled per night were analysed with respect to sex, age, season, and habitat. Intrasexual territoriality is confirmed for the species; home-range edges appeared to be determined by the dispersion of neighbours' territories. Home-range size was positively correlated with the presence of woodland (less abundant and more dispersed resources). Males travelled longer distances than females, although home-range sizes did not differ significantly by sex; males did not move more during the rutting season than in other seasons. Subadults were tolerated by adults for varying periods, then in some cases they started an exploring phase before settling into a vacant territory. Stone martens' spacing patterns were affected by sex, age, social interactions, and resources. In particular, social patterns appear to be a key influencing factor, as territoriality, parental behaviour, mating interactions, and dispersal of young can account for site fidelity, dispersion of home ranges, and distance travelled. In particular, our data indicate the importance of the extended relationship between the mating pair, which is probably related to male parental investment, in determining the spacing patterns of the species.
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