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Shi Y, Luo S, Wang H, Yao Q, Shi Y, Cheng J. Three-dimensional bone remodelling of glenoid fossa in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 53:133-140. [PMID: 37442687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize three-dimensional quantitative morphological changes of glenoid fossa in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion treated with bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Ninety-five eligible patients (50 male, 45 female; mean age 22.09 years) were enrolled retrospectively. Cone beam computed tomography obtained at 1 week preoperatively (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), and at ≥ 12 months postoperatively (T2) were registered based on cranial base using voxel-based registration in 3D Slicer. Glenoid fossa surface was divided spatially into four regions, and bone modelling in these regions was visualized with color maps. Our data revealed that the mean surface variations of glenoid fossa were small, with modest bone formation as a whole. No significant associations between anteroposterior or vertical mandibular displacement and overall glenoid fossa remodeling were found (P > 0.05). Moreover, bone deposition was frequently observed in the anterior-lateral region of glenoid fossa in patients with a larger mandibular movement during T0-T1 (P < 0.001). Paired bone formation in the anterior-lateral region of glenoid fossa and bone resorption in the anterior-lateral region of condylar head was frequently observed. Collectively, our results revealed that glenoid fossa underwent complex but modest bone remodeling after bimaxillary surgery in skeletal Class III patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - S Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Q Yao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Y Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - J Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Gillot M, Miranda F, Baquero B, Ruellas A, Gurgel M, Al Turkestani N, Anchling L, Hutin N, Biggs E, Yatabe M, Paniagua B, Fillion-Robin JC, Allemang D, Bianchi J, Cevidanes L, Prieto JC. Automatic landmark identification in cone-beam computed tomography. Orthod Craniofac Res 2023; 26:560-567. [PMID: 36811276 PMCID: PMC10440369 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present and validate an open-source fully automated landmark placement (ALICBCT) tool for cone-beam computed tomography scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and forty-three large and medium field of view cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were used to train and test a novel approach, called ALICBCT that reformulates landmark detection as a classification problem through a virtual agent placed inside volumetric images. The landmark agents were trained to navigate in a multi-scale volumetric space to reach the estimated landmark position. The agent movements decision relies on a combination of DenseNet feature network and fully connected layers. For each CBCT, 32 ground truth landmark positions were identified by 2 clinician experts. After validation of the 32 landmarks, new models were trained to identify a total of 119 landmarks that are commonly used in clinical studies for the quantification of changes in bone morphology and tooth position. RESULTS Our method achieved a high accuracy with an average of 1.54 ± 0.87 mm error for the 32 landmark positions with rare failures, taking an average of 4.2 second computation time to identify each landmark in one large 3D-CBCT scan using a conventional GPU. CONCLUSION The ALICBCT algorithm is a robust automatic identification tool that has been deployed for clinical and research use as an extension in the 3D Slicer platform allowing continuous updates for increased precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gillot
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Felicia Miranda
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Baptiste Baquero
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Ruellas
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela Gurgel
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Najla Al Turkestani
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luc Anchling
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nathan Hutin
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
- CPE Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elizabeth Biggs
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Marilia Yatabe
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jonas Bianchi
- Department of Orthodontics, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lucia Cevidanes
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, MI, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Prieto
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Al-Ubaydi AS, Al-Groosh D. The Validity and Reliability of Automatic Tooth Segmentation Generated Using Artificial Intelligence. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:5933003. [PMID: 37497386 PMCID: PMC10368498 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5933003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the precision of the segmented tooth model (STM) that was produced by the artificial intelligence (AI) program (CephX®) with an intraoral scan (IOS) and insignia outcomes. Methods. 10 patients with Cl I malocclusion (mild-to-moderate crowding) who underwent nonextraction orthodontic therapy with the Insignia™ system had IOS and CBCT scans taken before treatment. AI was used to produce a total of 280 STMs; each tooth will be measured from three aspects (apexo-occlusal, mesiodistal, and labiolingual) for DICOM and STL formats. Also, root volume measurements for each tooth generated by using the CephX® software and Insignia™ system were compared. The software used for these measurements was the OnDemand3D program used for the multiplanar reconstruction for DICOM format and Geomagic® Control X™ used for STL format. Statistics. An intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis was used to check the agreement between the volume measurement of the segmented teeth generated by using the CephX® and Insignia™ system. Also, it was used to check the agreement between the STL (IOS), STL (CephX®), and DICOM tooth models. In addition, it was used to determine the intraexaminer repeatability by remeasuring five randomly selected individuals two weeks after the initial measurement. After confirmation of the data normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, the right and left tooth models and the differences between the DICOM, CephX® (STL), and IOS (STL) tooth models were compared using a paired t-test. The STL (IOS), STL (CephX®), and DICOM tooth models were compared utilizing the ANOVA test. p < 0.05 was set as the statistical significance level. Result. Overall data showed good agreement with ICC. The measurements of the various tooth types on the right and left sides did not differ significantly. Also, there was no significant difference between the three groups. Conclusions. The automatic AI approach (CephX®) may be advised in the clinical practice for patients with mild crowding and no teeth restorations due to its speed and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Sh. Al-Ubaydi
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Dheaa Al-Groosh
- Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Yang Y, Yue X, Yu X, Pan B. Free dermofat grafting for chest deformity in microtia reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 82:130-136. [PMID: 37163828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chest deformity is one of the complications that occurs after costal cartilage harvesting for auricle reconstruction. In this study, we presented a novel method of free dermofat grafting to repair cartilage defect and aimed to evaluate its effect in ameliorating chest deformity. METHODS Seventy-six pediatric patients were included in the study, comprising free dermofat grafting group (n = 38) and control group (n = 38). After harvesting costal cartilage, empty perichondrial space of right seventh costal cartilage was filled with free dermofat grafts in free dermofat grafting group. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) was performed three months after surgery and 3D colormap quantification was performed to quantify chest surface asymmetry. The quantified data were further analyzed to compare chest asymmetry level in free dermofat grafting and control groups. RESULTS In the free dermofat grafting group, the mean of asymmetry level was 2.2 mm. While in the control group, the mean of asymmetry was 5.7 mm. After a comparison between the two groups, the level of asymmetry showed a significant difference (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Free dermofat grafting method is easy to perform and a feasible option for ameliorating chest deformity in microtia reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Xiaowei Yue
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China.
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Duangsuwan J, Raocharernporn S, Thiradilok S, Manopatanakul S. Computerized three-dimensional cephalometric template for Thai adults. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15077. [PMID: 37095961 PMCID: PMC10121791 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cephalometry is essential in several fields of study. These include health science, anthropology, and forensic studies. Furthermore, cephalometric norms are essential for numerous disciplines in the health sciences, such as clinical anatomy, plastic surgery, pediatrics, pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and forensic medicine. Three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric templates offer an advanced but simple method for these specialties. This study aimed to establish cephalometric norms by developing 3D templates for Thai adults, based on cephalometric landmark coordinates obtained from skull cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of individuals with normal skeletal patterns. Full-head CBCT scans of 45 individuals (20 men and 25 women) were obtained from the archive. All had a Class I molar relationship with minor crowded teeth. The scans were captured in a normal head position, and the coordinates of 21 important cephalometric landmarks were identified using Slicer 4.10.2 software. Manual affine transformation of all landmarks was used to transfer medical image coordinates (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine [DICOM] or Right-Anterior-Superior [RAS] systems) to Cartesian universal coordinates. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman (BA) plots were used to assess inter- and intra-examiner reliability (ICC = 0.961-1.000, BA mean errors = -0.1 mm). Important cephalometric measurements were compared to the most relevant and recent study with a sample size of 200. Most measurements showed no statistical difference (one-sample t-test, p > 0.05). Independent samples t-tests revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in the X and Y axes; however, most mean coordinates between men and women in the Z-axis coordinates were statistically significant. Consequently, 3D cephalometric templates were generated separately for adult Thai men and women using landmark coordinates. Although they are available for all disciplines at no cost through QR codes, these templates should be used with care, especially for the upper and lower incisor angulation. The application and future development of each specialty are also described here.
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Hammad T, Moussa H, Marzouk W, Ismail HA. Effect of maxillary and mandibular extrusion arches on dentoskeletal changes in adults with anterior open bite: a quantitative analysis. Angle Orthod 2023; 93:26-32. [PMID: 36066246 DOI: 10.2319/021922-155.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify dentoskeletal changes accompanying the use of extrusion arches during the treatment of anterior open bite (AOB) in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 23 adult patients with an AOB of -3.05 mm ± 1.27 mm were treated with upper and lower extrusion arches after the alignment phase. Lateral cephalograms were taken before placement of the extrusion arch, immediately after closure of the open bite (T2), and at the end of orthodontic treatment (T3). Data were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test for pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). RESULTS Successful closure of AOB, with an overall change in overbite of 4.73 ± 1.93 mm, was achieved in an average of 3.8 months and remained stable at T3. Upper and lower incisors were significantly extruded by 2.05 mm ± 0.72 mm and 2.54 mm ± 1.63 mm, respectively, and significantly retroclined by 6.36° ± 1.63° and 8.45° ± 3.83°, respectively, with a resultant increase in the interincisal angle of 12.80° ± 2.09°. Statistically significant intrusion and mesial tipping (P < .001) of the maxillary and mandibular first molars were observed at T2. Dentoskeletal changes remained stable at T3, except for a significant reduction of the mesial tipping of the maxillary and mandibular first molars. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of maxillary and mandibular extrusion arches resulted in significant favorable dentoskeletal changes that led to the successful closure of AOB during a short duration of treatment.
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Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis of Skeletal and Dental Effects in Patients Undergoing Transpalatal Distraction. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess dental and skeletal effects after transpalatal distraction using 3D cephalometry methodology. The study group comprised 34 patients (mean age 27.7 years) who were diagnosed with transverse skeletal maxillary deficiency of at least 7 mm. Computed tomography scans were obtained before surgical procedure (T1), after completion of expansion (T2) and at 6-month follow-up (T3). Computed tomography scans were imported into Dolphin Imaging software version 11.7 (Chatsworth, CA, USA). Three-dimensional skull models were oriented according to the Frankfurt horizontal plane, midsagittal plane (passing through the skeletal nasion) and frontal plane (passing through the right and left porion). Cephalometric landmarks related to skeletal, and dental structures were traced and linear and angular measurements were calculated. Following transpalatal distraction N-ANS and S-PNS distances increased by 1.27 mm and 0.54 mm, respectively. Skeletal expansion at the canine region (ARCR-ARCL) was 8.43 mm at T2 and 6.39 mm at T3. Expansion at the distal part of the maxilla (ARMR-ARML) was 5.95 mm at T2 and 4.81 mm after retention. The highest increase in maxillary arch width at T2 was observed at canines (8.74 mm), lower at premolars (8.33 mm) and the lowest at molars (6.76 mm). There is no anteroposterior movement of maxilla following transpalatal distraction; however, the maxilla shifts downward which is particularly marked anteriorly. Skeletal and dental expansion in the transversal plane occurs in a V-shaped manner, with more expansion at the anterior part of the maxilla.
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Jawbone Segmentation with Trabecular Bone Preservation from Cone Beam CT Images. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
To segment jaw structures in both open and closed mouth states from cone beam CT images and to preserve the true structures of trabecular bones. Segmentation algorithms of the mandible and maxilla were designed based on their different structures. We detected edges in volume and segment edges of the mandible and maxilla whether the mouth of a patient was open or closed. The internal structures of the mandible and maxilla were preserved by a morphological method with different parameters, respectively. An axial plane corresponding to the bottom of the hard palate was identified so that the bone structures of the maxilla above this plane were removed. Finally, the mandibular surface was smoothed by a simple thresholding method, and the maxillary surface was optimized by a geodesic active contours method. The 3D jaw model was segmented automatically by our proposed procedure with high accuracy. The average dice coefficients of the mandible and maxilla were equal to 0.9709 and 0.9420, respectively. The proposed jaw segmentation algorithm is automatic and knowledge-driven. The segmented jaws truly demonstrate the cortical and trabecular bone structures. It may potentially assist doctors in diagnosis and surgical planning.
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Apostolopoulos K, Palomo JM, Rizzante FAP, Pugliese F. A 3D mirroring and colormap asymmetry study of Class II subdivision patients. Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 25:429-436. [PMID: 34863033 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion present skeletal and dental asymmetries. The purpose of this study is to assess those asymmetries by 3D mirroring and colormap quantification. METHODS This study analyzed 50 initial CBCTs divided into two groups: Class I (control group) and Class II subdivision (study group) malocclusion patients. CBCTs were oriented and full skull was segmented generating a 3D model. The right side of the 3D models was mirrored, using a midsagittal plane as reference, resulting in a perfectly symmetric skull based on two right sides. Original and mirrored models were superimposed on the unchanged right half, and differences were quantified using a colormap. Eight regions of interest were assessed: gonion, mandibular front, maxillary front, zygomatic process, maxillary and mandibular canine and molar areas. RESULTS Statistically significant differences using the Mann-Whitney test were found in six of the eight evaluated areas when comparing the control to the study group. The maxillary skeletal areas did not show any difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion show true skeletal and dental asymmetries when comparing right and left sides. The maxilla showed no significant skeletal asymmetry, but the maxillary teeth were positioned more mesially on the Class II side. The maxillary canine on the Class II side was also more bucally positioned. The mandible showed significant asymmetries with both skeletal and dental areas in the Class II side more distally and bucally positioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Apostolopoulos
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Juan Martin Palomo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fabio Antonio Piola Rizzante
- Department of Comprehensive Care, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fernando Pugliese
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Hou M, Fagan MJ. Assessments of bilateral asymmetry with application in human skull analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258146. [PMID: 34614014 PMCID: PMC8494363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common feature, bilateral symmetry of biological forms is ubiquitous, but in fact rarely exact. In a setting of analytic geometry, bilateral symmetry is defined with respect to a point, line or plane, and the well-known notions of fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry and antisymmetry are recast. A meticulous scheme for asymmetry assessments is proposed and explicit solutions to them are derived. An investigation into observational errors of points representing the geometric structure of an object offers a baseline reference for asymmetry assessment of the object. The proposed assessments are applicable to individual, part or all point pairs at both individual and collective levels. The exact relationship between the developed treatments and the widely used Procrustes method in asymmetry assessment is examined. An application of the proposed assessments to a large collection of human skull data in the form of 3D landmark coordinates finds: (a) asymmetry of most skulls is not fluctuating, but directional if measured about a plane fitted to shared landmarks or side landmarks for balancing; (b) asymmetry becomes completely fluctuating if one side of a skull could be slightly rotated and translated with respect to the other side; (c) female skulls are more asymmetric than male skulls. The methodology developed in this study is rigorous and transparent, and lays an analytical base for investigation of structural symmetries and asymmetries in a wide range of biological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hou
- Department of Engineering, Medical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - M. J. Fagan
- Department of Engineering, Medical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
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3D cephalometric landmark detection by multiple stage deep reinforcement learning. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17509. [PMID: 34471202 PMCID: PMC8410904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The lengthy time needed for manual landmarking has delayed the widespread adoption of three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry. We here propose an automatic 3D cephalometric annotation system based on multi-stage deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and volume-rendered imaging. This system considers geometrical characteristics of landmarks and simulates the sequential decision process underlying human professional landmarking patterns. It consists mainly of constructing an appropriate two-dimensional cutaway or 3D model view, then implementing single-stage DRL with gradient-based boundary estimation or multi-stage DRL to dictate the 3D coordinates of target landmarks. This system clearly shows sufficient detection accuracy and stability for direct clinical applications, with a low level of detection error and low inter-individual variation (1.96 ± 0.78 mm). Our system, moreover, requires no additional steps of segmentation and 3D mesh-object construction for landmark detection. We believe these system features will enable fast-track cephalometric analysis and planning and expect it to achieve greater accuracy as larger CT datasets become available for training and testing.
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Abraham S, Jani G, Vinay V, Belcher W, Johnson A. A preliminary study to quantify the efficacy of 3D data acquisition for human bone replication. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 83:102244. [PMID: 34438227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional imaging is a rapidly growing technology that has revealed exciting insights in disparate fields of research, especially in medicine, forensics, and archaeology. Recent advancements in this technology have also made a remarkable impact in the field of anthropology and odontology. A major benefit of this technology is that they offer effective methods of creating digital records that can aid in physical documentation and can be digitally stored for later assessment and research. AIM The aim of the current study is to evaluate the metric accuracy of 3D models generated using three different 3D acquisition techniques for performing metric analytical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHOD Twenty standard craniometric linear measurements (using both sliding and spreading callipers) were taken on two craniums and eight standard measurements were taken on 2 mandibles (using sliding callipers and a mandibulometer); these measurements were then replicated on 3D digital models. RESULTS Statistical analysis of these dataset using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Bonferroni test suggested that the physical and virtual measurements were accurate, comparable, and concordant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings open up numerous avenues for future study, especially in the fields of forensics and clinical studies. However, in order to overcome the limitations faced in using the digital method certain standardised protocols and guidelines must be established to record these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Abraham
- Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat, India.
| | - Gargi Jani
- Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vineet Vinay
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College & Hospital, Pune, India.
| | - William Belcher
- Department of Anthropology, School of Global Integrative Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA.
| | - Abraham Johnson
- Laboratory of Forensic Odontology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat, India.
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Friedrich RE, Christ G, Scheuer HT, Scheuer HA. Relationships of Reference Points, Planes and Skull Symmetry on Posterior-anterior Cephalograms in Healthy Young Adults. In Vivo 2021; 35:2227-2237. [PMID: 34182501 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiological cephalometry is an important diagnostic tool for analyzing the shape and proportions of the skull. Standardized teleradiography of the skull in posterior-anterior (PA) projection provides orientation data on the symmetry and vertical relations of the skull. The comparison of individual findings with normal values places high demands on the selection of a control group. The aim of this study was to characterize a group to be used as a standard for cephalometric comparisons. PATIENTS AND METHODS PA teleradiographs of 23 healthy young adults were analyzed. Distances from reference measuring points to the median sagittal plane and the orbital horizontal plane were made. All individuals showed ideal occlusion. None of the participants had been subjected to orthodontic therapy or craniomaxillofacial surgery. RESULTS The measurement results showed a high degree of lateral symmetry of the skeletal reference points and planes. Comparison of the vertical reference lines confirmed the symmetrical constitution of the facial skeleton. CONCLUSION The study group is suitable for comparison with the cephalometric evaluations of other study groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Georg Christ
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah T Scheuer
- Private Praxis for Orthodontics, Hamburg-Lokstedt, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna A Scheuer
- Private Praxis for Orthodontics, Hamburg-Lokstedt, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Reliability and accuracy of automatic segmentation of mandibular 3D models on linear measurements. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6335-6346. [PMID: 33954849 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03934-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate if automatic segmentation of mandibular three-dimensional (3D) models is reliable and accurate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight dry mandibles with eight silica markers were scanned in the i-CAT Classic device (Imaging Sciences International). Automatic segmentation was performed using nine standard preset thresholds in the Dolphin software (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions). Three observers individually made twice eight linear measurements on the mandibular 3D models. Another observer made physical measurements, twice as well, on the dry mandibles. Reliability and accuracy were evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Dahlberg's formula, Bland-Altman analyses, and changing bias with regression analyses. RESULTS Inter-observer and intra-observer ICCs and Dahlberg's error were ≥ 0.75 and ≤ 1.0 mm, respectively, for all measurements. Inter-observer agreement between mandibular 3D models and physical measurements ranged from -0.37 to 0.91 mm. CONCLUSIONS Linear measurements made on mandibular 3D models obtained using standard preset thresholds are reliable and accurate. However, additional studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis for clinical applications. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Since the 3D models are useful for diagnostics and surgical planning, it is necessary to determinate whether the linear measurements made on 3D models obtained by automatic segmentation are sufficiently reliable and accurate.
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15
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März K, Chepura T, Plewig B, Haddad D, Weber D, Schmid M, Hirschfelder U, Gölz L. Cephalometry without complex dedicated postprocessing in an oriented magnetic resonance imaging dataset: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod 2021; 43:614-621. [PMID: 33735379 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables a 3D-volume-imaging without ionizing radiation. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to present a post-processing-free method for cephalometric analysis of a MRI-dataset and to examine whether there is a significant difference between cephalometric analysis of conventional 2D cephalograms and MRI scans. METHODS One MRI scan each was performed on three cadaver heads using a 3T-MR-scanner. Cephalometric analysis was conducted directly on the 3D dataset. All reference points were projected onto a virtual sagittal plane that was perpendicular to the Frankfort horizontal plane. Double-sided points were averaged. Cephalometric angles were measured from the projected points. Results were compared with cephalometric measurements on conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs). The cephalometric analysis was performed by five raters. RESULTS 390-angle measurements were obtained. The inter-rater reliability was high [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ≥ 0.74 for all angles]. Differences between the measurements on the cephalograms and MRI scans ranged between -0.91° (-1.88°, 0.07°) and 0.97° (-0.63°, 2.57°) on average and were equivalent with respect to a margin of [-2°, 2°] in all angles except L1-Me-Tgo (Bonferroni-Holm-corrected P < 0.05 in all angles except L1-Me-Tgo). The best match was found for the SNA angle. CONCLUSION The clinical comparability of the MRI- and LCR-based cephalometry could be stated. Using MRI in orthodontics would reduce radiation exposure and the risk of stochastic radiation damage, which is of importance especially in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline März
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Taras Chepura
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Blanka Plewig
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Haddad
- Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Imaging Department of the Development Centre X-ray Technology EZRT, Division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Weber
- Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Imaging Department of the Development Centre X-ray Technology EZRT, Division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Ursula Hirschfelder
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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16
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Wei SM, Zhu Y, Wei JX, Zhang CN, Shi JY, Lai HC. Accuracy of dynamic navigation in implant surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:383-393. [PMID: 33540465 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy of dynamic computer-assisted implant surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search up to March 2020 was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial to identify studies using dynamic navigation in implant surgery, and additional manual search was performed as well. Clinical trials and model studies were selected. The primary outcome was accuracy. A single-arm meta-analysis of continuous data was conducted. Meta-regression was utilized for comparison on study design, guidance method, jaw, and systems. RESULTS Ten studies, four randomized controlled trials (RCT) and six prospective studies, met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1,298 drillings and implants were evaluated. The meta-analysis of the accuracy (five clinical trials and five model studies) revealed average global platform deviation, global apex deviation, and angular deviation were 1.02 mm, 95% CI (0.83, 1.21), 1.33 mm, 95% CI (0.98, 1.67), and 3.59°, 95% CI (2.09, 5.09). Meta-regression shown no difference between model studies and clinical trials (p = .295, 0.336, 0.185), drilling holes and implant (p = .36, 0.279, 0.695), maxilla and mandible (p = .875, 0.632, 0.281), and five different systems (p = .762, 0.342, 0.336). CONCLUSION Accuracy of dynamic computer-aided implant surgery reaches a clinically acceptable range and has potential in clinical usage, but more patient-centered outcomes and socio-economic benefits should be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Min Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xu Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu-Nan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Yu Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Chang Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Apostolopoulos K, Bous RM, ElNaghy R, Kumar AR, Valiathan M. Examining the variability of bone and soft tissue morphology in Hemifacial Microsomia: A case series of 8 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2021; 49:352-357. [PMID: 33612409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Patients with Hemifacial Microsomia (HFM) exhibit highly variable skeletal and soft tissue asymmetries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate soft tissue discrepancies in patients with HFM and correlate them to the skeletal discrepancy. Eight patients were selected and studied retrospectively using 3-dimensional (3D) superimposition and color mapping of the soft and hard tissues. The skeletal and soft tissue facial structures were segmented and mirrored, resulting in a perfectly symmetric skull and face. Original and mirrored 3D models were superimposed. Differences between the affected and normal side were assessed in seven areas: frontal, endocanthion, exocanthion, malar, maxillary frontal, mandibular frontal and gonion area. The correlations between the skeletal and soft tissue asymmetry were evaluated by Pearson correlations. Hard tissue asymmetry ranged from 1.4 mm (Endocanthion) to 5.5 mm (Gonion), while soft tissue asymmetry ranged from 1.5 mm (Endocanthion) to 5.6 mm (Malar). Correlation between skeletal and soft tissue deficiency were highly variable, with the highest correlation at gonion and the lowest at exocanthion. Bone and soft tissue hypoplasia were highly correlated at the gonion and the malar area, while the remaining evaluated areas demonstrated poor correlation between skeletal and soft tissue asymmetries. Future studies will determine if target treatment can reliably improve bone and soft tissue hypoplasia in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Apostolopoulos
- Department of Craniofacial and Special Care Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Rany M Bous
- Department of Craniofacial and Special Care Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Rahma ElNaghy
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Anand R Kumar
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Manish Valiathan
- Department of Craniofacial and Special Care Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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18
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Giap HV, Shin JW, Chae HS, Kim YH, Paeng JY, Choi HW. Pharyngeal Airway Morphology in Skeletal Class III With Mandibular Asymmetry is Improved After Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 79:1107-1121. [PMID: 33549539 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between pharyngeal airway morphology and jawbone movements in skeletal Class III patients with mandibular asymmetry after orthognathic surgery remains unclear. This study was to measure the changes in pharyngeal airway morphology in skeletal Class III patients with mandibular asymmetry after bimaxillary surgery and evaluate associations between changes in pharyngeal airway morphology and skeletal movements. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, skeletal Class III patients who underwent bimaxillary surgery were enrolled. The predictor variable was facial symmetry status divided into 2 groups, asymmetric (Group A) and symmetric (Group B). The primary outcome variables were changes in airway parameters, including cross-sectional linear distances, cross-sectional area (CSA), minimum CSA (Min-CSA), and volume; and airway asymmetry index between the preoperative and 6-month postoperative imaging studies. Correlation analysis was performed between upper airway and skeletal changes. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were included in this study, with 15 patients in Group A (mean age: 23.00 years; BMI: 22.83) and 10 patients in Group B (mean age: 22.30 years; BMI: 22.48). Group A showed a higher asymmetry index than Group B at T0; however, no significant differences compared to Group B at T1. The airway volume was significantly decreased in the oropharynx in Group A at T1, whereas it showed no significant differences in Group B (P < .05). Lateral movement of B point and Menton showed positive correlations with changes in Min-CSA in the oropharynx and negative correlations with changes in airway asymmetry index (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Pharyngeal airway exhibited an asymmetrical and constricted morphology in Group A before surgery. The airway morphology in Group A showed a tendency to adopt a symmetrical and less constricted shape after surgery. The airway space was reduced in the oropharynx in Group A after surgery. Surgical correction of mandibular asymmetry correlated with the improvement of pharyngeal airway morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Van Giap
- Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Shin
- Clinical Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hwa Sung Chae
- Adjunctive Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Paeng
- Clinical Professor, Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, The Institute of Oral Health Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Won Choi
- Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Oral Health Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Comparative Reliability Assessment of Tooth Volume Measurement with Different Three-Dimensional Imaging Software. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/5870472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the in vivo tooth volume through VRMesh and 3Matic programs and to compare the measurements to the physical volume. So, the aim of the study was to ensure the reliability and sensitivity of the three-dimensional software (VRMesh and 3Matic) in measuring tooth volume. Material and Methods. The volume of 26 extracted upper first premolars from orthodontic patients who had CBCT before orthodontic treatment were measured. Two different commercial programs, which were VRMesh and 3Matic, were used to calculate the volume of the segmented upper first premolar from CBCT. The in vivo tooth volume was compared to the physical tooth volume to examine the accuracy of the two software in measuring the tooth volume. Results. The difference between the mean of the in vivo and in vitro tooth volume measurements was too small, making it clinically nonsignificant. ANOVA test was used as a statistical tool, and no statistically significant difference was noticed among the measurements. The values were normally distributed when tested for normality by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test.
value less than or equal to 0.05 (
) was considered statistically significant. Conclusion. The assessment of the in vivo tooth volume measurement with different three-dimensional imaging software (VRMesh and 3Matic) programs in comparison with the tooth physical volume is reliable. The use of a mouse pen during the refining stage of the segmentation may have increased the accuracy of the procedure. The determined in vivo tooth volumes are dependable and can be applied in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
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20
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Yao CCJ, Chang ZC, Lai HH, Hsu LF, Hwang HM, Chen YJ. Architectural changes in alveolar bone for dental decompensation before surgery in Class III patients with differing facial divergence: a CBCT study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14379. [PMID: 32873841 PMCID: PMC7463229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate alveolar bone change around mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic decompensation in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and different vertical facial patterns. The records of 29 consecutive Class III patients selected from those pending two-jaw orthognathic surgery were divided into low (≤ 28°), average (30°-37°), and high (≥ 39°) mandibular plane angle (MPA) groups. The DICOM files of CBCT scans and STL files of digital dental models, taken before (T1) and after (T2) presurgical orthodontic treatment, were imported into Dolphin imaging software to reconstruct dentoskeletal images. T1 and T2 images were superimposed and analyzed for bone thickness and height at the level of root apex on each mid-sagittal slice of six mandibular anterior teeth. Differences between T1 and T2 were analyzed by non-parametric tests and mixed-effect model analysis. The results showed that the measurements of alveolar bone height generally decreased after treatment, regardless of MPA. The facial divergence, incisor irregularity, tooth site, treatment time, and change in proclination were identified as the significant factors affecting alveolar bone thickness and height during treatment. The presurgical orthodontic treatment to decompensate mandibular anterior teeth should be very careful in all MPA groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chen Jane Yao
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Zwei-Chieng Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hua Lai
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fang Hsu
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hann-Min Hwang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan. .,Divison of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
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21
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Serindere G, Aktuna Belgin C, Serindere M. Volumetric and morphological analysis of condyle and glenoid fossa on computed tomography. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:2581-2587. [PMID: 32451669 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle and glenoid fossa morphology with measurements on Computed Tomography (CT) and volumetric analysis using InVesalius software program. MATERIALS AND METHODS 250 condyles in 125 patients (mean age: 40.64) was evaluated on CT. Length, width, and height of the condyle, condylar volume, the thickness of glenoid fossa (TGF), condyle surface area, anterior space (AS), superior space (SS), and posterior space (PS) were measured in this study. Two left and right sides of the jaw have been measured. Linear measurements were performed with the image analysis program (Image J, 1.4 v version, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Volume and surface area measurements were performed with InVesalius software (CTI, Campinas, SãoPaulo, Brazil). RESULTS To compare the dimensions of the condyle between males and females, there was only a significant difference in left AS and SS and no significant difference was found between males and females in other measured factors. There was a significant difference between the age groups and left SS. A significant difference was also found between the age groups and condylar height, condyle surface area, and condylar volume on both right and left sides. CONCLUSION Evaluation of condylar morphology is important to assess the TMJ anomalies and bony changes. This study showed no significant differences between gender and all measured factors except in the left AS and SS. However, age factor had a major effect on the morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Serindere
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Ceren Aktuna Belgin
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Tandon R, Aljadeff L, Finn RA. Contemplations and Ruminations of Methodological Error. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 79:49-56. [PMID: 32966768 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Journal articles in our field of oral and maxillofacial surgery are rife with case studies, cohort reviews, meta-analysis, basic science studies, surgical techniques, and anatomic studies. The data found in these studies often rely on multiple measurements by which the authors draw their conclusions. Accurate measurements play a critical role in the design of the study, which in turn affects the conclusion that the author is attempting to convey. Investigators must determine and develop the processes to determine the methodological errors associated with each project to help with determining the accuracy of these measurements. The aim of this study is to highlight some of the methodological errors contained in the material and methods in oral and maxillofacial surgery studies over the calendar years of 2018 and 2019 and how best to evaluate them. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inclusion criteria involved articles that used measurements where discrepancies could exist such as clinical measurements, histological measurements, and radiological measurements. The number of specimens or subjects measured in each study was tabulated. RESULTS Over the 2-year period considered, 744 articles were published, and 116 (15.6%) of them met the inclusion criteria. Of these articles, 37 (32%) reported a methodological error, while 79 (68%) did not. In addition, 31 (84%) of the articles with a methodological error were radiographic, while only 6 (16%) were not radiographic. Among the studies that reported methodological error, there were approximately 7 different types used with no rationale given for the choice. CONCLUSIONS We believe that it is important to ensure sound methods and materials, including a stated methodological error. An attempt at standardization will help to serve to enhance and strengthen the different research studies seen in our field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tandon
- Chief Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern/Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, TX.
| | - Lior Aljadeff
- Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern/Parkland Memorial Hospital, Dallas, TX
| | - Richard A Finn
- Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Cell Biology-Anatomy, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Chief, Oral and Maxillofacial, Surgery, Veterans Administration North Texas Health Care System
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Currie K, Oh H, Flores-Mir C, Lagravère M. CBCT assessment of posterior cranial base and surrounding structures in orthodontically treated adolescents. Int Orthod 2020; 18:266-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Anatomic Variability of the Human Orbit. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 78:782-796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Pitale U, Mankad H, Pandey R, Pal PC, Dhakad S, Mittal A. Comparative evaluation of the precision of cone-beam computed tomography and surgical intervention in the determination of periodontal bone defects: A clinicoradiographic study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2020; 24:127-134. [PMID: 32189840 PMCID: PMC7069118 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_118_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Major limitations of conventional radiography are overlapping and lack of 3D information. Surgical exposure, though being able to provide accurate information, provides very little time to plan-out the type of periodontal regeneration required during surgery. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has emerged as a feasible tool and found to be accurate. Unfortunately, in-vivo studies are still scarce. Aim Aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of CBCT in the detection of periodontal bony defects while determining its quantitative precision in the measurement of alveolar bone height as against the open flap debridement (OFD) procedure which is set as the gold standard. Setting and Design Present study is a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods The present study includes patients with Chronic Periodontitis indicated for periodontal surgeries. Bone defects were measured with the help of CBCT and with William's periodontal probe during surgical intervention and compared. Statistical Analysis Measurements were compared with Student's t-test; unpaired t-test & correlation were tested with Pearson's correlation coefficient test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean CBCT & surgical value of palatal/lingual & distal sites of anterior teeth showed statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). All the values for posterior teeth were statistically non-significant. Conclusion Statistically CBCT & clinical measurement with OFD have similar potential of accuracy to access the bony topography but CBCT provides good accessibility to visualize the sites which are difficult to access during surgical interventions like palatal sites & the distal sites of the posterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unnati Pitale
- Department of Periodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hitesh Mankad
- Department of Periodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Pandey
- Department of Periodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pritish Chandra Pal
- Department of Periodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Dhakad
- Department of Periodontics, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Antush Mittal
- Department of Periodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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In vivo comparison of MRI- and CBCT-based 3D cephalometric analysis: beginning of a non-ionizing diagnostic era in craniomaxillofacial imaging? Eur Radiol 2019; 30:1488-1497. [PMID: 31802215 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can serve as an alternative diagnostic tool to the "gold standard" cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 3D cephalometric analysis. METHODS In this prospective feasibility study, 12 patients (8 males, 4 females; mean age ± SD, 26.1 years ± 6.6) underwent 3D MRI and CBCT before orthognathic surgery. 3D cephalometric analysis was performed twice by two independent observers on both modalities. For each dataset, 27 cephalometric landmarks were defined from which 35 measurements (17 angles, 18 distances) were calculated. Statistical analyses included the calculation of Euclidean distances, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Bland-Altman analysis, and equivalence testing (linear mixed effects model) with a predefined equivalence margin of ± 1°/1 mm. RESULTS Analysis of reliability for CBCT vs. MRI (intra-rater I/intra-rater II/inter-rater) revealed Euclidean distances of 0.86/0.86/0.98 mm vs. 0.93/0.99/1.10 mm for landmarks, ICCs of 0.990/0.980/0.986 vs. 0.982/0.978/0.980 for angles, and ICCs of 0.992/0.988/0.989 vs. 0.991/0.985/0.988 for distances. Bland-Altman analysis showed high levels of agreement between CBCT and MRI with bias values (95% levels of agreement) of 0.03° (- 1.49; 1.54) for angles and 0.02 mm (- 1.44; 1.47) for distances. In the linear mixed effects model, the mean values of CBCT and MRI measurements were equivalent. CONCLUSION This feasibility study indicates that MRI enables reliable 3D cephalometric analysis with excellent agreement to corresponding measurements on CBCT. Thus, MRI could serve as a non-ionizing alternative to CBCT for treatment planning and monitoring in orthodontics as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery. KEY POINTS • Clinically established 3D cephalometric measurements performed on MRI are highly reliable and show an excellent agreement with CBCT (gold standard). • The MRI technique applied in this study could be used as a non-ionizing diagnostic tool in orthodontics as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery. • Since most patients benefiting from 3D cephalometry are young in age, the use of MRI could substantially contribute to radiation protection and open up new possibilities for treatment monitoring.
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Tatakis DN, Chien HH, Parashis AO. Guided implant surgery risks and their prevention. Periodontol 2000 2019; 81:194-208. [PMID: 31407433 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ideal implant placement may reduce surgical complications, such as nerve injury and lingual cortical plate perforation, and minimize the likelihood of functional and prosthetic compromises. Guided implant surgery (GIS) has been used as the means to achieve ideal implant placement. GIS refers to the process of digital planning, custom-guide fabrication, and implant placement using the custom guide and an implant system-specific guided surgery kit. GIS includes numerous additional steps beyond the initial prosthetic diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of surgical guide. Substantial errors can occur at each of these individual steps and can accumulate, significantly impacting the final accuracy of the process with potentially disastrous deviations from proper implant placement. Pertinent overall strategies to reduce or eliminate these risks can be summarized as follows: complete understanding of the possible risks is fundamental; knowledge of the systems and tools used is essential; consistent verification of both diagnostic and surgical procedures after each step is crucial; proper training and surgical experience are critical. This review article summarizes information on the accuracy and efficacy of GIS, provides insight on the potential risks and problems associated with each procedural step, and offers clinically relevant recommendations to minimize or eliminate these risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris N Tatakis
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hua-Hong Chien
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andreas O Parashis
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Private Practice Limited to Periodontology and Implant Surgery, Athens, Greece
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Wang H, Zhao N, Li P, Shen G. A cone-beam computed tomography analysis of angulation and inclination of whole tooth and clinical crown in adults with normal occlusion. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 22:337-344. [PMID: 31232504 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the mesiodistal angulation and faciolingual inclination of whole tooth and clinical crown in Chinese young adults with normal occlusion, by examining CBCT digitalized images. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Forty-two volunteers, who presented with normal occlusion and without previous orthodontic treatment, were selected for this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subjects were advised to take dental CBCT and the digital images of the dentition were obtained. The widely recognized University of Southern California (USC) root vector analysis was adopted to detect the angulation and inclination of the whole tooth, as well as of the clinical crown. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was detected between male and female subjects. The fluctuations of the angulation and the inclination of the whole tooth from anterior to posterior in both arches manifested distinctive trends. The changes in maxillary dentition seem relatively marked, whereas those in mandibular dentition show less obvious, demonstrating moderate fluctuation both in angulation or inclination. The angulation and inclination of clinical crown are obtained and are shown positively correlated with that of each whole tooth. CONCLUSIONS The normal range of the mesiodistal angulation and faciolingual inclination of whole tooth and clinical crown in Chinese adults with normal occlusion are identified. This study could establish clinical standards for designing 3D dental data-based orthodontic appliances for Chinese, and for providing the guidance for orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peilun Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Dehiscence and fenestration in anterior teeth. J Orofac Orthop 2019; 81:1-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-019-00196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Liberton DK, Verma P, Contratto A, Lee JS. Development and Validation of Novel Three-Dimensional Craniofacial Landmarks on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:e611-e615. [PMID: 31478954 PMCID: PMC7500863 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans become increasingly common, it is vital to have reliable 3-dimensional (3D) landmarks for quantitative analysis of craniofacial skeletal morphology. While some studies have developed and used 3D landmarks, these landmark sets are generally small and derived primarily from previous 2-dimensional (2D) cephalometric landmarks. These derived landmarks lack information in parts of the skull such as the cranial base, which is an important feature for cranial growth and development. The authors see a real need for development and validation of 3D landmarks, particularly bilateral landmarks, across the skull for improved cephalometric analysis. The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate a set of 61 3D anatomical landmarks on the face, cranial base, mandible, and teeth for use in clinical and research studies involving CBCT imaging. Each landmark was placed 3 times by 3 separate trained observers on a set of 10 anonymized CBCT patient scans. Intra-rater and inter-rater estimates of consistency and agreement were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Measurement error was calculated per landmark and per X, Y, and Z landmark coordinate. The authors had high ICC estimates within rates, indicating high consistency, and high ICC estimates among raters, indicate good agreement across raters. Overall measurement error for each landmark and each X, Y, and Z coordinate was low. Our results confirm the accuracy of novel 3D landmarks including several on the cranial base that will serve researchers and clinicians for use in future studies involving 3D CBCT imaging and craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise K. Liberton
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Payal Verma
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anthony Contratto
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Janice S. Lee
- Craniofacial Anomalies and Regeneration Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Evaluation of the postoperative stability of a counter-clockwise rotation technique for skeletal class II patients by using a novel three- dimensional position-posture method. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13196. [PMID: 31519983 PMCID: PMC6744461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the postsurgical stability of skeletal class II patients after performing a counter-clockwise rotational (CCWR) procedure for the maxilla-mandibular complex (MMC) by using a novel Three-dimensional (3D) Position-Posture(P-P) measuring method. Twenty-five patients (5 males and 20 females) were included in this study. The postoperative CT scans of the skull were taken before surgery(T0), 3-7 days (T1), 3 months (T2), and 6 months (T3) after surgery. Specific anatomic landmarks were chosen to determine the position of the segments, while three equally perpendicular planes were created to describe their posture. The results show that the linear relapse of maxillary landmarks during the follow-up were acceptable (≤0.5 mm). The relapse of maxillary pitch plane at 6-months follow-up is 1.52°, which is acceptable. There was a significant pitch plane relapse of the mandibular-body segment with an average of 1.86° between T1 and T2 models, 3.28° between T1 and T3 models. There was no significant difference between roll and yaw planes during the follow-up. We therefore conclude that the P-P method could be used to accurately analyze the postsurgical stability of skeletal class II orthognathic surgery cases. For CCWR procedures, it was also shown that the there is a tendency for recurrence most specially on the body of the mandible.
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Rédua RB, Carvalho FDAR, Artese FRG. Measurement of the bone height of mandibular incisors and canines on computed tomography-Limitations according to bone thickness. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 23:59-65. [PMID: 31478327 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To verify the correlation between cone beam CT (CBCT) and spiral CT (SCT) images and direct measurement of the bone height and to verify whether bone thickness (BT) influences the accuracy of bone height measurement on CT. SETTING AND SAMPLE One hundred and fourteen measurements were obtained in 10 dry human mandibles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The alveolar bone height was measured on volumetric and linear images. RESULTS Negative, average and significant correlations (-0.622** to -0.489**) were verified between BT and the absolute error. When the alveolar bone thickness was at least 0.6 mm, the mean differences were 0.16 and 0.28 mm on linear images and 0.12 and 0.03 mm on volumetric images for CBCT and SCT. Additionally, these values ranged from -0.46 to 0.79 and -0.32 to 0.88 mm on linear images and from -0.64 to 0.67 and -0.57 to 0.62 mm on volumetric images for CBCT and SCT. When the alveolar bone thickness was less than 0.6 mm, the CT evaluation varied from -1.74 to 5.42 and -1.64 to 5.42 mm on linear images and from -3.70 to 4.28 mm and -3.49 to 4.25 mm on volumetric images for CBCT and SCT. CONCLUSIONS Spiral CT and CBCT images demonstrate significant correlation with direct measurement for the alveolar bone height. Measurement of the alveolar bone labial and lingual to the mandibular incisors and canines presented higher accuracy when its thickness was greater than 0.6 mm. When the thickness was less than 0.6 mm, bone dehiscence can be diagnosed despite bone being clinically present.
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Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Submandibular Fossa in a Group of Dental Implant Patients. IMPLANT DENT 2019; 28:329-339. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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In vivo reliability of 3D cephalometric landmark determination on magnetic resonance imaging: a feasibility study. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1339-1349. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhang ZY, Yan CX, Min QM, Li SQ, Yang JS, Guo YC, Jin WF, Li LJ, Xing PF, Li J. Age estimation using pulp/enamel volume ratio of impacted mandibular third molars measured on CBCT images in a northern Chinese population. Int J Legal Med 2019; 133:1925-1933. [PMID: 31273446 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the relation between chronological age and the ratio of pulp volume (PV) to enamel volume (EV) of impacted mandibular third molars (IMTMs) by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and an improved 3D image segmentation technique. A sample of CBCT images of IMTM was collected from 414 northern Chinese subjects (214 male and 200 female clinical patients) ranging in age from 20 to 65 years. The GrowCut effect image segmentation (GCEIS) module algorithm was used to calculate the PV and EV from CBCT images. The total sample was divided into a training group and validation group in a ratio of 7 to 3. The PV/EV ratio (PEr) in the training sample was used to develop a mathematical formula for age estimation as follows: age = - 5.817-21.726 × Ln PEr (p < 0.0001) (Ln, natural logarithm). The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to determine the precision and accuracy of the mathematical formula in the validation group and all samples. The MAEs in the male, female, and pooled gender samples were 9.223, 7.722, and 8.41, respectively, and the RMSEs in the male, female, and pooled gender samples were 10.76, 9.58, and 9.986, respectively. The precise and accurate results indicate that the PEr of IMTM in CBCT images is a potential index for dental age estimation and is possible to be used in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xia Yan
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiao-Mei Min
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Qing Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Si Yang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fan Jin
- Department of Radiology, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Jiang Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan-Fen Xing
- Department of Radiology, Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Vernucci RA, Aghazada H, Gardini K, Fegatelli DA, Barbato E, Galluccio G, Silvestri A. Use of an anatomical mid-sagittal plane for 3-dimensional cephalometry: A preliminary study. Imaging Sci Dent 2019; 49:159-169. [PMID: 31281793 PMCID: PMC6597373 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.2.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used for 3-dimensional assessments of cranio-maxillofacial relationships, especially in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. We have introduced, for reference in CBCT cephalometry, an anatomical mid-sagittal plane (MSP) identified by the nasion, the midpoint between the posterior clinoid processes of the sella turcica, and the basion. The MSP is an updated version of the median plane previously used at our institution for 2D posterior-anterior cephalometry. This study was conducted to test the accuracy of the CBCT measures compared to those obtained using standard posterior-anterior cephalometry. Materials and Methods Two operators measured the inter-zygomatic distance on 15 CBCT scans using the MSP as a reference plane, and the CBCT measurements were compared with measurements made on patients' posterior-anterior cephalograms. The statistical analysis evaluated the absolute and percentage differences between the 3D and 2D measurements. Results As demonstrated by the absolute mean difference (roughly 1 mm) and the percentage difference (less than 3%), the MSP showed good accuracy on CBCT compared to the 2D plane, especially for measurements of the left side. However, the CBCT measurements showed a high standard deviation, indicating major variability and low precision. Conclusion The anatomical MSP can be used as a reliable reference plane for transverse measurements in 3D cephalometry in cases of symmetrical or asymmetrical malocclusion. In patients who suffer from distortions of the skull base, the identification of landmarks might be difficult and the MSP could be unreliable. Becoming familiar with the relevant software could reduce errors and improve reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Antonio Vernucci
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Huseynagha Aghazada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kelly Gardini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ersilia Barbato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Galluccio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Silvestri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Cone Beam Computed Tomography-Based Anatomical Assessment of the Olfactory Fossa. Int J Dent 2019; 2019:4134260. [PMID: 31073308 PMCID: PMC6470455 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4134260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the olfactory fossa according to the Keros classification using cone beam computed tomography. This cross-sectional study analysed cone beam computed tomography images selected from a database belonging to a radiology centre. The scans of 174 healthy patients were analysed by using the Xoran software. Gender, age, and side were correlated with the Keros classification. The mean age of the 174 patients was 45.3 years. The most prevalent Keros classification was type II (65.52%), followed by type III (20.69%) and type I (13.79%). No significant differences were found between Keros classification and the variables age, right side (p value = 0.4620), and left side (p value = 0.5709). There were also no significant differences between gender and the variables right side (p value = 0.1421) and left side (p value = 0.2136). Based on these results, we suggest that cone beam computed tomography can be recommended for analysis of the anterior skull base. Keros type II was the most prevalent type in our sample.
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Analysis of bite marks in food stuffs by CBCT 3D-reconstruction. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2019; 9:24-27. [PMID: 30197860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Xu J, Sun R, Wang L, Hu X. Cone-beam evaluation of pharyngeal airway space in adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions. Angle Orthod 2018; 89:312-316. [PMID: 30457352 DOI: 10.2319/040518-253.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in pharyngeal airway space among adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The CBCT records of 60 patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion (ANB angle ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0) were selected from the CBCT database. According to the condyle position, the patients were divided in three groups: anterior group (CD ≤ -12%), centric group (-12% ≤ CD ≤ +12%), and posterior group (CD ≥ +12%). Three-dimensional (3D) pharyngeal airway models were reconstructed using InvivoDental software 5.1.3. The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space were measured in the 3D airway model. RESULTS The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space in the centric group were significantly smaller than those in the posterior group ( P < .01). The volume and area of the pharyngeal airway space were smallest in the anterior group and significantly increased in the centric and posterior groups ( P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The null hypothesis was rejected. Significant differences were noted in pharyngeal airway space among adult skeletal Class II patients with different condylar positions.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article describes a virtual protocol designed to optimize surgical orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan. METHODS A total of 15 patients undergoing orthodontic-surgical treatment have been analyzed with a presurgical virtual three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning, which involves 9 steps. All the patients have been treated with the use of occlusal splint guides projected on the basis of the surgical and orthodontic visualized treatment objective . RESULTS In all the analyzed patients, a precise and optimal orthodontic presurgical preparation has been obtained. CONCLUSIONS The 3D analysis seems more precise to interpret than two-dimensional; it provides information and images of craniofacial structures free from perspective distortion and it reduces the steps of the presurgical diagnosis. The simplicity of the protocol described in this paper makes possible to apply it in everyday practice.The study described here allows high-precision planning of orthodontic-surgical therapy and optimization of each treatment phase, with consequent advantages in clinical practice: a more accurate orthognathic surgery with predictable results.
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Adarsh K, Sharma P, Juneja A. Accuracy and reliability of tooth length measurements on conventional and CBCT images: An in vitro comparative study. J Orthod Sci 2018; 7:17. [PMID: 30271762 PMCID: PMC6144757 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_21_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of tooth length measurements using conventional and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging techniques. AIM The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of various tooth length measurements made on CBCT scans and conventional imaging techniques [intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPA) and orthopantomogram (OPG)]. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This is an in-vitro comparative study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In total, 50 extracted single-rooted premolar teeth were mounted on the dry human mandible. For each extracted tooth, measurements for tooth length, crown length, and root lengths were taken with a Vernier caliper and using three imaging modalities: CBCT, OPG, and IOPA radiographs. The measurements were compared with the gold standard (Vernier caliper). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED One-way analysis of variance was used to compare mean values between the groups that are Vernier caliper, CBCT, IOPA, and OPG. The multiple comparisons of means of tooth length, root length, and crown length were done by Bonferroni test. RESULTS A significant difference in the tooth length measurements was seen between the measurements taken by CBCT and IOPA and between IOPA and OPG. But, no significant difference was seen between any other groups. The highly significant difference was seen between the root length measurements taken by IOPA and OPG and by CBCT and OPG. However, no significant difference was seen between any other groups. No significant difference was seen in between the crown length measurements taken by Vernier caliper and CBCT and between IOPA and OPG. However, a significant difference was seen between all the groups. CONCLUSIONS Among the radiographic techniques, CBCT was found to be the most accurate in measuring the tooth, root, and crown lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Adarsh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, I.T.S. Dental College, Muradnagar, Affiliated from Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payal Sharma
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, I.T.S. Dental College, Muradnagar, Affiliated from Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Achint Juneja
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, I.T.S. Dental College, Muradnagar, Affiliated from Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3D cephalometric analysis using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: validation of accuracy and reproducibility. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13029. [PMID: 30158656 PMCID: PMC6115428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate geometric accuracy and in vivo reproducibility of landmark-based cephalometric measurements using high-resolution 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at 3 Tesla. For accuracy validation, 96 angular and 96 linear measurements were taken on a phantom in 3 different positions. In vivo MRI scans were performed on 3 volunteers in five head positions. For each in vivo scan, 27 landmarks were determined from which 19 angles and 26 distances were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Bland-Altman analysis, the two one-sided tests procedure and repeated measures one-way analysis of variance. In comparison to ground truth, all MRI-based phantom measurements showed statistical equivalence (p < 0.001) and an excellent agreement in Bland-Altman analysis (bias ranges: -0.090-0.044°, -0.220-0.241 mm). In vivo cephalometric analysis was highly reproducible among the five different head positions in all study participants, without statistical differences for all angles and distances (p > 0.05). Ranges between maximum and minimum in vivo values were consistently smaller than 2° and 2 mm, respectively (average ranges: 0.88°/0.87 mm). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that accurate and reproducible 3D cephalometric analysis can be performed without exposure to ionizing radiation using MRI.
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Atresh A, Cevidanes LHS, Yatabe M, Muniz L, Nguyen T, Larson B, Manton DJ, Schneider PM. Three-dimensional treatment outcomes in Class II patients with different vertical facial patterns treated with the Herbst appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 154:238-248.e1. [PMID: 30075926 PMCID: PMC6151354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to evaluate, using 3-dimensional superimposition techniques, the skeletal changes in Class II subjects with different vertical facial patterns treated with the Herbst appliance and to compare these skeletal changes to those of Class II controls treated with elastics. METHODS Sixteen Herbst patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 equal groups based on vertical facial pattern as determined by the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (brachyfacial, ≤22°; mesofacial, 23°-29°) and had cone-beam computed tomographs taken before treatment, 8 weeks after Herbst appliance removal, and after subsequent fixed appliance treatment. Eleven Class II control patients treated with fixed appliances and elastics had cone-beam computed tomographs taken before and after treatment. Three-dimensional models were generated from the cone-beam computed tomography images, registered on the anterior cranial bases, and analyzed using color maps and point-to-point measurements. RESULTS There were minimal differences in treatment response between the 2 Herbst groups across all skeletal parameters measured. The Herbst subjects showed a greater inferior displacement of anterior nasal spine compared with the Class II controls (Herbst brachyfacial, -1.44 mm; Herbst mesofacial, -1.95 mm) with other maxillary changes being clinically insignificant. The Herbst subjects showed greater inferior displacement of B-point compared with the Class II controls (Herbst brachyfacial, -2.59 mm; Herbst mesofacial, -2.75 mm). There were no statistically significant differences in mean linear mandibular measurements. All groups showed a trend toward posterior displacement of the condyles and glenoid fossae from the start to the end of treatment, with no significant differences across the 3 groups. There were minimal differences in the changes in gonial angle and Frankfort mandibular plane angle across all groups. CONCLUSION Approximately 2 years after Herbst treatment, the Herbst subjects with different vertical facial patterns showed similar patterns of skeletal change compared with the Class II controls treated with elastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Atresh
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Marilia Yatabe
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Luciana Muniz
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Tung Nguyen
- Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Brent Larson
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn
| | - David J Manton
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul M Schneider
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Assessing the Correlation between Skeletal and Corresponding Soft-Tissue Equivalents to Determine the Relationship between CBCT Skeletal/Dental Dimensions and 3D Radiographic Soft-Tissue Equivalents. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:8926314. [PMID: 30057609 PMCID: PMC6051110 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8926314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Compare measurements of skeletal and dental areas on the CBCT to the corresponding soft-tissue measures taken from a 3D Facial Scanner. Methods 30 patients with CBCT and 3D Facial scanner photos were selected from the orthodontic program database. 30 different distance measurements were obtained from CBCT and facial scan. OrthoInsight software was used to obtain the measurements from the facial scan images, and AVIZO software was used for corresponding CBCT landmarks. The Euclidean distance formula was used to determine the distances for the corresponding x, y, and z coordinates of the CBCT. Reliability for CBCT and Facial Scanner was completed by calculating 30 distances for 10 patients, 3 times. Once reliability was determined, all 30 distances were calculated once for CBCT and facial scanner on each patient and descriptive statistics and paired t-test were applied. Results All distances measured presented excellent reliability, the lowest one being the left eye width for the facial scanner (ICC 0.847). The landmark with the highest mean error on the CBCT was 2.0 ± 1.6 mm on the z-axis for the spinal level landmark. The Facial Scanner's largest mean measurement error was 1.5 ± 0.9 mm for the distance of the left corner of the mouth to gonion. All data except width between outer eye corners were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The average differences between facial scan and CBCT measurements ranged between 0.77 mm (left canine to cheekbone) to 26.94 mm (left subnasale to gonion) and are thus comparable. All measurements show a reasonable standard deviation between 2.57 mm (left eye width) to 9.91 mm (left gnathion to EAM). Conclusion Distances obtained from CBCT and facial scan present mild differences giving the perspective of a relationship between them. Understanding this difference and relationship can make it plausible to expect certain underlying skeletal distances under soft-tissue structures.
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Oh SH, Kang JH, Seo YK, Lee SR, Choi HY, Choi YS, Hwang EH. Linear accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography and a 3-dimensional facial scanning system: An anthropomorphic phantom study. Imaging Sci Dent 2018; 48:111-119. [PMID: 29963482 PMCID: PMC6015926 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2018.48.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of linear measurements of 3-dimensional (3D) images generated by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and facial scanning systems, and to assess the effect of scanning parameters, such as CBCT exposure settings, on image quality. Materials and Methods CBCT and facial scanning images of an anthropomorphic phantom showing 13 soft-tissue anatomical landmarks were used in the study. The distances between the anatomical landmarks on the phantom were measured to obtain a reference for evaluating the accuracy of the 3D facial soft-tissue images. The distances between the 3D image landmarks were measured using a 3D distance measurement tool. The effect of scanning parameters on CBCT image quality was evaluated by visually comparing images acquired under different exposure conditions, but at a constant threshold. Results Comparison of the repeated direct phantom and image-based measurements revealed good reproducibility. There were no significant differences between the direct phantom and image-based measurements of the CBCT surface volume-rendered images. Five of the 15 measurements of the 3D facial scans were found to be significantly different from their corresponding direct phantom measurements (P<.05). The quality of the CBCT surface volume-rendered images acquired at a constant threshold varied across different exposure conditions. Conclusion These results proved that existing 3D imaging techniques were satisfactorily accurate for clinical applications, and that optimizing the variables that affected image quality, such as the exposure parameters, was critical for image acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hee Oh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Kyeong Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Choi
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health, Kyungwoon University, Gumi, Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui-Hwan Hwang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Ozemre MO, Gulsahi A. Comparison of the accuracy of full head cone beam CT images obtained using a large field of view and stitched images. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 47:20170454. [PMID: 29851353 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the new stitching feature of the Morita 3D Accuitomo device by comparing it with the I-CAT device and real measurements. METHODS: Eight dry skulls were used in this study. The full scan mode of an I-CAT device and the new stitching feature of the Morita 3D Accuitomo device were used to obtain full head cone beam CT (CBCT) images, and the linear distances between the selected anatomical sites were measured by two observers. The real distances were measured directly on the skulls using digital calipers. Statistical analyses were performed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman Limits of Agreement. RESULTS: High or perfect agreement was detected between the CBCT images and real measurements. The Bland-Altman Limits of Agreement analysis revealed that the stitched coronal and sagittal images of the Morita might differ by >1.54-1.67 or <0.01 mm from the real measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The stitched images of the Morita CBCT device showed perfect agreement with both real measurements and the images of an I-CAT full head scan. After the evaluation of the radiation doses received from stitching sectional images, this device may be used to obtain full head images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ozgur Ozemre
- 1 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ayse Gulsahi
- 1 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey
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Abstract
Orthodontists treat malocclusions by applying three-dimensional forces. For years, the diagnosis of this three-dimensional condition and the related treatment plan has been based on two-dimensional imaging. Lateral and anteroposterior cephalometric, panoramic, and periapical radiographs are some of the two-dimensional radiographs routinely used in orthodontics. Despite being highly beneficial in evaluating skeletal and dental relations, these radiographs fail to provide sufficient two-dimensional information in certain cases. The purpose of this compilation is to review the use of cone-beam computed tomography in orthodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Burçak Kaya
- Department of Orthodontics, Başkent University School of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Reliability and validity of MicroScribe-3DXL system in comparison with radiographic cephalometric system: Angular measurements. Int Orthod 2018; 16:314-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barmou MM, Hussain SF, Abu Hassan MI. Fiabilité et validité du système MicroScribe-3DXL par rapport au système céphalométrique radiographique : mesures angulaires. Int Orthod 2018; 16:314-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Adisen MZ, Keles A, Yorubulut S, Nalcaci R. Age estimation by measuring maxillary canine pulp/tooth volume ratio on cone beam CT images with two different voxel sizes. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2018.1474947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Zahit Adisen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Aydan Keles
- Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Yorubulut
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Rana Nalcaci
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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