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Vélez MV, Colello R, Etcheverría AI, Padola NL. [Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli: the challenge of adherence to survive]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:100-107. [PMID: 35676186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is recognized as being responsible for a large number of foodborne illnesses around the world. The pathogenicity of STEC has been related to Stx toxins. However, the ability of STEC to colonize the host and other surfaces can be essential for developing its pathogenicity. Different virulence profiles detected in STEC could cause the emergence of strains carrying new genes codified in new pathogenicity islands linked to metabolism and adherence. Biofilm formation is a spontaneous mechanism whereby STEC strains resist in a hostile environment being able to survive and consequently infect the host through contaminated food and food contact surfaces. Biofilm formation shows intra-and inter-serotype variability, and its formation does not depend only on the microorganisms involved. Other factors related to the environment (such as pH, temperature) and the surface (stainless steel and polystyrene) influence biofilm expression. The «One Health» concept implies the interrelation between public, animal, and environmental health actors to ensure food safety, prevent cross-contamination and resistance to sanitizers, highlighting the need to identify emerging pathogens through new molecular markers of rapid detection that involve STEC strains carrying the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement or Locus of Adhesion and Autoaggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Vélez
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CIVETAN-CONICET-CIC-UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - R Colello
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CIVETAN-CONICET-CIC-UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - A I Etcheverría
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CIVETAN-CONICET-CIC-UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - N L Padola
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CIVETAN-CONICET-CIC-UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina.
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2
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Prack McCormick B, Quiroga MP, Álvarez VE, Centrón D, Tittonell P. Antimicrobial resistance dissemination associated with intensive animal production practices in Argentina: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:25-42. [PMID: 36137889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents has accelerated the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The association between antimicrobial-resistant infections in humans and antimicrobial use in agriculture is complex, but well-documented. This study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to antimicrobials defined as critically important by the WHO, in swine, chicken, and cattle from intensive and extensive production systems in Argentina. We conducted searches in electronic databases (MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, the National System of Digital Repositories from Argentina) as well as in the gray literature. Inclusion criteria were epidemiological studies on AMR in the main food-transmitted bacteria, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., and mastitis-causing bacteria, isolated from swine, chicken, dairy and beef cattle from Argentina. This study gives evidence for supporting the hypothesis that AMR of common food-transmitted bacteria in Argentina is reaching alarming levels. Meta-analyses followed by subgroup analyses confirmed the association between the prevalence of AMR and (a) animal species (p<0.01) for streptomycin, ampicillin and tetracycline or (b) the animal production system (p<0.05) for streptomycin, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ampicillin and tetracycline. Moreover, swine (0.47 [0.29; 0.66]) and intensive production (0.62 [0.34; 0.83]) showed the highest pooled prevalence of multidrug resistance while dairy (0.056 [0.003; 0.524]) and extensive production (0.107 [0.043; 0.240]) showed the lowest. A research gap regarding beef-cattle from feedlot was identified. Finally, there is an urgent need for political measures meant to coordinate and harmonize AMR surveillance and regulate antimicrobial use in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Prack McCormick
- Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, RP N˚4 km 2 (1836), Llavallol, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María P Quiroga
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica E Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Centrón
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Mecanismos de Resistencia a Antibióticos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMPaM, UBA-CONICET), Paraguay 2157 (PC 1121), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pablo Tittonell
- Agroecology, Environment and Systems Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFAB, INTA-CONICET), Modesta Victoria 4450 - CC 277 (8400), San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina; Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen University, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
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Shafiq M, Huang J, Shah JM, Ali I, Rahman SU, Wang L. Characterization and resistant determinants linked to mobile elements of ESBL-producing and mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli recovered from the chicken origin. Microb Pathog 2021; 150:104722. [PMID: 33421607 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli is a complex process linked with various mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids, transposons, and integrons. This study aimed to determine the co-occurrence of ESBL and mcr-1 and their physical linkage with MGEs in E. coli. E. coli strains of chicken origin were obtained from different commercial farms of eastern China from 2010 to 2011. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing, identification of different antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), and prevalence and evidence involvement of integrons, ISEcp1, ISCR1, and ISApl1, were determined. A multiplex PCR was used to detect virulence genes and the phylogenetic clustering of isolates. Conjugation experiments, plasmid replicon typing were performed to know the transferability of ARGs and MGEs. A total of 83.33% of isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR). The incidence rate of blaCTX-M, blaSHV,blaTEM, and mcr-1 was found to be 30%, 10.95%, 8.09%, and 36.66%, respectively. The most prevalent combination was noticed for mcr-1 and blaCTX-M 73%, whereas the most prominent blaCTX-M alleles found, were blaCTX-M-55 46%, followed by blaCTX-M-14 31%, and blaCTX-M-15 13%. The frequency of ISEcp1, ISCR1, ISApl1, and int1 was 27.77%, 53.70%, 51.85%, and 70.37% respectively. Most β-lactamases, especially blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, were associated with ISEcp1, ISCR1, and Integron 1, whereas the ISAPl1-mcr-1 segment was observed in mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates. Phylogrouping revealed that group A was the most predominant phylotype, whereas the common virulence genes detected in these isolates were EHEC, EAEC, and EPEC. Conjugation assay also indicated that multiple genetic elements were involved; common plasmids identified were FIB 61.11%, followed by IncHI2 48.14%, and FrepB 33.33%. Propagation of such MDR strains carrying multiple resistance elements among the bacterial population is a threat of worry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jan Mohammad Shah
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ilyas Ali
- College of Animal Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Liping Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Faccone D, Moredo FA, Giacoboni GI, Albornoz E, Alarcón L, Nievas VF, Corso A. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli harbouring mcr-1 and bla CTX-M genes isolated from swine in Argentina. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 18:160-162. [PMID: 30926466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from food-producing animals are a global public-health concern, especially those with transferable mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and mcr-1 genes. Here we report for the first time E. coli recovered from diarrhoeic and healthy pigs harbouring blaCTX-M and/or mcr-1 from Argentinean farms. METHODS During 2017, a total of 34 E. coli were recovered from 31 faecal samples from diarrhoeic piglets and healthy fattening pigs from five pig farms in three Argentinean provinces. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated by agar diffusion and resistance genes were identified by PCR. Multiplex PCR was applied to screen for ST69, ST73, ST95 and ST131 clones. Genetic relationships were evaluated by XbaI-PFGE. RESULTS A high diversity of resistance profiles was observed (20 profiles among 34 isolates), and 71% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) was observed in 28 isolates and was associated with blaCTX-M (24), blaCMY (3) and blaPER-2 (1) genes. blaCTX-M alleles were grouped by specific PCR as follow: 17 blaCTX-M-8/25; 4 blaCTX-M-1/15; 2 blaCTX-M-2; and 1 blaCTX-M-9/14. Twelve isolates were positive for mcr-1, of which six were also resistant to 3GCs and were positive for blaCTX-M-8/25 (4), blaCTX-M-1/15 (1) or blaCMY (1). High genetic diversity was observed, discriminating 29 profiles. One ST131 and two ST95 human-associated clones were detected. CONCLUSION Here we describe E. coli isolates recovered from diarrhoeic piglets and healthy fattening pigs harbouring ESBL and/or mcr-1 genes. 3GC resistance was mainly associated with CTX-M, in particular with blaCTX-M-8/25 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Faccone
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS 'Dr Carlos G. Malbrán', Av. Velez Sarsfield 563 (C1282AFF), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), CABA, Argentina
| | - Fabiana A Moredo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, Calle 60 y 118 (CC296), CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Gabriela I Giacoboni
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, Calle 60 y 118 (CC296), CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Albornoz
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS 'Dr Carlos G. Malbrán', Av. Velez Sarsfield 563 (C1282AFF), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina
| | - Laura Alarcón
- Cátedra de Medicina Porcina, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (FCV-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Victorio F Nievas
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNLP, Calle 60 y 118 (CC296), CP 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Corso
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS 'Dr Carlos G. Malbrán', Av. Velez Sarsfield 563 (C1282AFF), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina.
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Kindle P, Zurfluh K, Nüesch-Inderbinen M, von Ah S, Sidler X, Stephan R, Kümmerlen D. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Escherichia coli with non-susceptibility to quinolones isolated from environmental samples on pig farms. Porcine Health Manag 2019; 5:9. [PMID: 30867937 PMCID: PMC6396500 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-019-0116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade, the growth of the pig-farming industry has led to an increase in antibiotic use, including several used in human medicine, e.g. (fluoro)quinolones. Data from several studies suggest that there is a link between the agricultural use of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the pig farm environment, including (fluoro)quinolone resistance. This poses a threat to human and animal health. Our goal was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize 174 E. coli showing non-susceptibility to quinolones isolated from environmental samples from pig farms. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the disk diffusion method. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to identify chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) of gyrA and the isolates were screened for the presence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes aac-(6')-Ib-cr, qepA, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS. Strain relatedness was assessed by phylogenetic classification and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results Of 174 isolates, 81% (n = 141) were resistant to nalidixic acid, and 19% (n = 33) were intermediately resistant. Overall, 68.4% (n = 119) were multidrug resistant. This study revealed a prevalence of 79.9% (n = 139) for gyrA QRDR mutations, and detected 21.8% (n = 38) isolates with at least one PMQR gene. The two most frequently detected PMQR genes were qnrB and qnrS (13.8% (n = 24) and 9.8% (n = 17, respectively). E. coli belonging to phylogenetic group A (48.3%/n = 84) and group B1 (33.3% /n = 58) were the most frequent. E. coli ST10 (n = 20) and ST297 (n = 20) were the most common STs. Conclusions E. coli with non-susceptibility to quinolones are widespread among the environment of Swiss pig farms and are often associated with an MDR phenotype. In several cases these isolates possess at least one PMQR gene, which could spread by horizontal gene transfer. E. coli from pig farms have diverse STs, some of which are associated with human and animal disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40813-019-0116-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kindle
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Zurfluh
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sereina von Ah
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xaver Sidler
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dolf Kümmerlen
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Fernández Paggi MB, Martínez G, Diéguez SN, Pérez Gaudio DS, Decundo JM, Riccio MB, Amanto FA, Tapia MO, Soraci AL. Fosfomycin residues in colostrum: Impact on morpho-physiology and microbiology of suckling piglets. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41:415-427. [PMID: 29333612 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic widely used in pig farms for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections. In this study, the elimination of disodium fosfomycin in colostrum/milk of the sow and the impact of this antibiotic on the microbiota and intestinal morpho-physiology of suckling piglets were analyzed. The average amount of fosfomycin eliminated in colostrum (after administration of 15 mg/kg IM) during the first 10 hr postpartum was 0.85 μg/ml, and the mean residual amount ingested by the piglets was 0.26 mg/kg. The elimination profile of fosfomycin concentrations in colostrum occurs at a time of profound changes in the morpho-physiology of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglet. However, the studied concentrations did not produce imbalances on the microbiota or on the morpho-physiology of the gastrointestinal tract of the piglet. Concentrations of fosfomycin were maintained in the mammary gland above the MIC for more than 8 hr for pathogenic bacteria of productive importance. This would indicate that fosfomycin may be considered safe for the specific treatment of bacterial infectious processes in sows during the peri- and postpartum period. This first study with disodium fosfomycin stimulates awareness in the proper use of antimicrobials at farrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Fernández Paggi
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Área Producción Porcina, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
| | - G Martínez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
| | - S N Diéguez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), Tandil, Argentina
| | - D S Pérez Gaudio
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
| | - J M Decundo
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M B Riccio
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - F A Amanto
- Área Producción Porcina, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M O Tapia
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
| | - A L Soraci
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Argentina
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Yang X, Zou W, Zeng J, Xie S, An T, Luo X, Chen D, Feng L, Cheng G, Cai R, Huang Q, Wang H. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassettes in Escherichia coli isolated from yaks (Poephagus grunniens) in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:274-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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