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Leung KYQ, Cartoon J, Hammond NE. Depression screening in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and their caregivers: A systematic review. Aust Crit Care 2023; 36:1138-1149. [PMID: 36774293 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression commonly occurs after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) which can negatively impact patients and their caregivers. Identification and validation of depression screening instruments specifically for patients with aSAH and their caregivers has not been performed. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to identify the common depression screening tools in patients with aSAH and their caregivers and to determine if they are validated for use in these populations. METHODS Medical Subject Headings and keyword search terms were used in five electronic databases to identify randomised controlled, quasi-experimental and observational studies published between 1 January 2010 and 26 June 2022. Screening, data extraction and study quality assessments were conducted by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Of the 3440 identified studies, 61 met inclusion, with 2 of 61 (3%) RCTs, 2 of 61 (3%) quasi-experimental, and 57 of 61 (93%) observational studies included. The majority of studies (58/61 [95%]) reported patient-only depression screening, 1 of 61 (2%) reported both patients' and caregivers' depression screening, and 2 of 61 (3%) reported caregiver-only depression screening. Nine depression screening instruments were identified. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was the most commonly used (13/59; 22%), followed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (12/59; 20%). In the ischaemic stroke population, the BDI-II was reported to have excellent sensitivity (0.85) and specificity (0.75); the HADS was also found to have good sensitivity (0.62) and specificity (0.83) in the ischaemic stroke population. Only two depression screening instruments for caregivers were identified: HADS and Goldberg Depression Scale. Both were found to have good sensitivity (>0.80) and specificity (>0.80) in the general population. CONCLUSION The BDI-II and HADS were the most commonly used depression screening instruments in patients with aSAH. Neither of these instruments has been specifically validated in an aSAH population. None of the nine depression instruments were validated for patients with aSAH. Due to an insufficient number of studies in caregivers' population, validity was unable to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Yee Queenie Leung
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jodi Cartoon
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
| | - Naomi E Hammond
- Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.
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Eriku GA, Bekele G, Yitayal MM, Belete Y, Girma Y. Depressive Symptoms and Its Associated Factors Among Primary Caregivers of Stroke Survivors at Amhara Regional State Tertiary Hospitals: Multicenter Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1675-1684. [PMID: 37534332 PMCID: PMC10392786 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s418074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is one of the leading causes of severe disability and functional limitation, which are reasons for being dependent on their family for daily activities and participation in social affairs. After discharge from the hospital, most stroke survivors require physical, psychosocial, and financial support from caregivers at home, which is one of the most stressful events for families. The stroke survivors and their caregivers may influence each other during the caregiving process and social life. The stroke survivor's disability and depressive symptoms affect the quality of life of the survivor and their caregivers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among caregivers of stroke survivors. Methods An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Amhara regional state tertiary hospitals. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 424 participants. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered and chart-reviewed structured questionnaire. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with depression. Adjusting the odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval and variables with a P-value < 0.05 was considered significantly associated with depression. Results The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 65.6% (95% CI: 60.8-69.8). Being female, older than 40, having no formal education, having a low family monthly income, being the son or daughter, and spending more than six hours per day were associated with depression. Conclusion We found that depression was prevalent among primary caregivers of stroke survivors. To reduce the risk of developing depression, policymakers should fully recognize the role of caregivers in caring for stroke patients. More attention should be given to caregivers who are female, elderly, have a low income, are sons or daughters, and spend a long time caring per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Azeze Eriku
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremariam Bekele
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Melisew Mekie Yitayal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yihalem Belete
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yisak Girma
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ahmed SH, Haris M, Baseer N, Saleema A, Haris S, Deeba F, Khan MJ. Surgical Anatomy and Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysms in Patients With Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Cureus 2021; 13:e20463. [PMID: 35070527 PMCID: PMC8760894 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Huang L, Luo Y, Ai H. The Relationship Between State Loneliness and Depression Among Youths During COVID-19 Lockdown: Coping Style as Mediator. Front Psychol 2021; 12:701514. [PMID: 34594266 PMCID: PMC8476915 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on public mental health. However, loneliness during the lockdown related to depression and whether the relationship would be mediated by coping style or whether sex moderates loneliness and coping style are not clear. The study aimed to examine the mediating role of coping style in the relationship between state loneliness and depression as well as the moderating role of sex in the relationship between state loneliness and coping styles during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants were 337 college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (January–February 2020). States of depression and anxiety, state loneliness, and coping styles with COVID-19 were measured. The results show that loneliness was an effective predictor of depression during self-quarantine. Moreover, coping style mediated the relationship between state loneliness and depression although sex did not moderate the relationship between state loneliness and coping style. Youths were inclined to use more positive coping strategies than negative coping strategies. Our results indicate less loneliness is an effective way to relieve depression, and coping strategies, especially the positive ones, are important for youths to prevent depression and loneliness during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuejia Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Emotion and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Emotion and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
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van Mol MMC, Boeter TGW, Verharen L, Kompanje EJO, Bakker J, Nijkamp MD. Patient- and family-centred care in the intensive care unit: a challenge in the daily practice of healthcare professionals. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:3212-3223. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margo MC van Mol
- Department of Intensive Care Adults; Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Trudi GW Boeter
- Department of Intensive Care Adults; Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - Erwin JO Kompanje
- Department of Intensive Care Adults; Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Jan Bakker
- Department of Intensive Care Adults; Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam; Rotterdam the Netherlands
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
| | - Marjan D Nijkamp
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences; Open University of the Netherlands; Heerlen the Netherlands
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Loh AZ, Tan JS, Zhang MW, Ho RC. The Global Prevalence of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Caregivers of Stroke Survivors. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:111-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rueckriegel SM, Baron M, Domschke K, Neuderth S, Kunze E, Kessler AF, Nickl R, Westermaier T, Ernestus RI. Trauma- and distress-associated mental illness symptoms in close relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury and high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015; 157:1329-36; discussion 1336. [PMID: 26105760 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-015-2470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Close relatives (CR) of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) suffer extraordinary distress during the treatment: Distress may lead to persisting mental illness symptoms within the spectrum of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and depression. The primary goal of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of these symptoms in CR. The secondary goal was identification of associated factors. METHOD Standardized interviews were conducted with 53 CR (mean age of 57.7 ± 11.4 years) of patients with TBI °III (n = 27) and high-grade SAH H&H °III-V (n = 26) between 5 and 15 months after the event. The interviews contained a battery of surveys to quantify symptoms of PTSD, anxiety disorders, and depression, i.e., Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), 36-item Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Fixed and modifiable possibly influencing factors were correlated. RESULTS Twenty-eight CR (53 %) showed IES-R scores indicating a probable diagnosis of PTSD. Twenty-five CR (47 %) showed an increased anxiety score and 18 (34 %) an increased depression score using HADS. Mean physical component summary of SF-36 was not abnormal (49.1 ± 9.1), whereas mean mental component summary was under average (41.0 ± 13.2), indicating a decreased quality of life caused by mental effects. Perception of the interaction quality with the medical staff and involvement into medical decisions correlated negatively with severity of mental illness symptoms. Evasive coping strategies were highly significantly associated with symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study quantifies an extraordinarily high prevalence of mental illness symptoms in CR of patients with critical acquired brain injury due to SAH and TBI. Modifiable factors were associated with severity of mental illness symptoms. Prospective studies testing efficiency of early psychotherapeutic interventions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mark Rueckriegel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 11, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany,
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Kulesskaya N, Karpova NN, Ma L, Tian L, Voikar V. Mixed housing with DBA/2 mice induces stress in C57BL/6 mice: implications for interventions based on social enrichment. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:257. [PMID: 25147512 PMCID: PMC4123727 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several behavioral interventions, based on social enrichment and observational learning are applied in treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the mechanism of such modulatory effect and the safety of applied methods on individuals involved in social support need further investigation. We took advantage of known differences between inbred mouse strains to reveal the effect of social enrichment on behavior and neurobiology of animals with different behavioral phenotypes. C57BL/6 and DBA/2 female mice displaying multiple differences in cognitive, social, and emotional behavior were group-housed either in same-strain or in mixed-strain conditions. Comprehensive behavioral phenotyping and analysis of expression of several plasticity- and stress-related genes were done to measure the reciprocal effects of social interaction between the strains. Contrary to our expectation, mixed housing did not change the behavior of DBA/2 mice. Nevertheless, the level of serum corticosterone and the expression of glucocorticoid receptor Nr3c1 in the brain were increased in mixed housed DBA/2 as compared with those of separately housed DBA/2 mice. In contrast, socially active C57BL/6 animals were more sensitive to the mixed housing, displaying several signs of stress: alterations in learning, social, and anxiety-like behavior and anhedonia. These behavioral impairments were accompanied by the elevated serum corticosterone and the reduced expression of Nr3c1, as well as the elevated Bdnf levels in the cortex and hippocampus. Our results demonstrate the importance of social factors in modulation of both behavior and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms in stress response, and draw attention to the potential negative impact of social interventions for individuals involved in social support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina N Karpova
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Li Ma
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Li Tian
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vootele Voikar
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
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