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Belceanu AD, Bîlha ȘC, Vulpoi C, Brănișteanu DD. The impact of growth hormone replacement therapy on adipokines, but not upon ghrelin. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:411-419. [PMID: 34546018 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides growth acceleration, growth hormone (GH) therapy of GH deficient (GHD) children improves body composition by decreasing body fat. This effect is due to GH interaction with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, possibly also mediated by adipokines secreted by adipose tissue, and ghrelin. This study aimed to assess the impact of one-year GH replacement therapy on the metabolic profile, adipokines, and acylated/unacylated ghrelin of prepubertal children with GHD. METHODS Prospective observational study of 42 non-obese, prepubertal children with GHD followed up for twelve months. Mean lipid, carbohydrate, adipokine profiles, acylated/unacylated ghrelin, and body composition data before therapy onset were compared with measurements obtained after 6 and 12 months of GH therapy. RESULTS Total body fat content and body fat percentage decreased significantly, while the lipid profile improved over the study period in the 42 GHD children with a mean age of 9.2±2.6 years. The levels of leptin and unacylated ghrelin decreased significantly, whereas adiponectin and acylated ghrelin values increased after GH therapy. In regression analysis models, GH treatment (reflected by increased absolute values or standard deviations of IGF1) influences the variation of leptin and adiponectin, but not ghrelin, independently of body composition - lean or fat mass. CONCLUSIONS GH replacement therapy improves body composition, lipid, and adipokine profile in GHD children. Also, GH replacement therapy directly impacts leptin and adiponectin concentrations, independently of body composition. Further research is needed to identify the molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways by which the GH/IGF1 axis influences adipokines secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina D Belceanu
- Department of Endocrinology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Ștefana C Bîlha
- Department of Endocrinology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania -
| | - Carmen Vulpoi
- Department of Endocrinology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Dumitru D Brănișteanu
- Department of Endocrinology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania
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Monroy G, Fernández C, Olmo R, Martínez MJ, DE Leiva A, Corcoy R. Breastfeeding is associated with a delayed decrease in postprandial maternal glucose concentration. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:432-439. [PMID: 37158811 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.23.03962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding has long-term benefits in reducing the risk of diabetes; however, information about the acute influence on maternal glucose profile is scarce. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess maternal glucose fluctuations associated with breastfeeding episodes in women with normal glucose status. METHODS We performed an observational study of glucose fluctuations with breastfeeding episodes in 26 women with normal glucose status in fasting and postprandial state. Continuous glucose monitoring was performed using CGMS MiniMed Gold®/iPro2® (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) three months after delivery under real-life conditions. We compared fasting and postprandial periods of 150 minutes affected or not by a breastfeeding episode. RESULTS Mean glucose concentration of postprandial periods affected by breastfeeding was lower than not affected (-6.31 mg/dL [95% CI: -11.17, -1.62] P<0.01). Glucose concentration was significantly lower between 50 and 105 minutes after meal initiation (maximum difference -9.19 mg/dL [95% CI: -16.03, -2.16] at 91-95 min). Mean glucose concentrations of fasting periods affected by breastfeeding were similar to those not affected (-0.18 mg/dL [95% CI: -2.7, 0] P=0.831). CONCLUSIONS In women with normal glucose status, breastfeeding episodes are associated with a lower glucose concentration in the postprandial but not in the fasting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Monroy
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Fernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rosalía Olmo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montclar Primary Health Care Center, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - María J Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto DE Leiva
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Corcoy
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain -
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
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Ulubasoglu H, Hancerliogullari N, Tokmak A, Keskin LH, Candar T, Moraloglu Tekin O. Low sirtuin-1 levels are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:282-287. [PMID: 36285745 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), which has a regulatory role in glucose and lipid metabolism with its deacetylase activity, has a decisive role in predicting gestational diabetes (GDM). METHODS This study was performed at the antenatal outpatient clinic of Ankara City Hospital between January 2021 and May 2021. A total of 525 women with low-risk pregnancy underwent the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between 24th-28th weeks of pregnancy during the study period. Fasting serum SIRT1 levels of patients diagnosed with GDM according to OGTT results were compared some of those without GDM. RESULTS Of the 525 pregnant women who underwent 75 g OGTT, 50 (9.6%) were diagnosed with GDM. The data of pregnant women with GDM were compared with age and Body Mass Index matched 122 controls. While serum SIRT1 levels were 22.0 (19.9-24.3) ng/mL in the GDM group, it was 34.7 (28.8-54.6) ng/mL in the control group (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that a threshold level for serum SIRT1 equal to or greater than 27.3 ng/mL may predict GDM with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS Second-trimester low serum SIRT1 levels are associated with GDM. It may be a diagnostic marker for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ulubasoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - Aytekin Tokmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Levent H Keskin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Tuba Candar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ufuk University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
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4
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Mirabelli M, Chiefari E, Tocci V, Greco E, Foti D, Brunetti A. Gestational diabetes: Implications for fetal growth, intervention timing, and treatment options. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 60:1-10. [PMID: 34280703 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, which can adversely affect the short- and long-term health of mothers and newborns. In recent years, several studies have revealed the early impact of maternal hyperglycemia on fetal growth trajectory and birth weight abnormalities in GDM-exposed pregnancies. However, an intense debate continues regarding the mode and optimal timing of diagnosis and treatment of this condition. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the understanding of GDM and its implications for fetal growth, addressing the modulatory role of medical nutrition therapy and available pharmacological antidiabetic agents (i.e. insulin, metformin, and glyburide), and to identify gaps in current knowledge toward which future research should be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vera Tocci
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Dumitrascu MC, Nenciu AE, Florica S, Nenciu CG, Petca A, Petca RC, Comănici AV. Hyperthyroidism management during pregnancy and lactation (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:960. [PMID: 34335902 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction is a significant public health issue, affecting 5-10 more women compared to men. The estimated incidence is up to 12% and only for women the treatment rises up to 4.3 billion dollars annually. Thyroid pathology can have a major impact on female fertility and it can only be detected when preconception tests are performed. Untreated or poorly treated hyperthyroidism in a mother can affect the fetal development and pregnancy outcome. Between 0.1 and 0.4% of the pregnancies are affected by clinical hyperthyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with higher rates of pregnancy loss. Hyperthyroidism can complicate fetal health problems intrauterinely and in the neonatal period. The TSH receptor is stimulated by TSH and HCG which has a similar structure. This can lead to gestational thyrotoxicosis. Hyperthyroidism can be treated with propylthiouracil or methimazole and in selected cases, surgical treatment or radioactive iodine can be chosen. In pregnancy, the most used treatment is represented by propylthiouracil which can be used from the first trimester. The aim of this review is to assess the current data regarding the impact of thyroid dysfunction on pregnancy and to synthesize the treatment options during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina-Elena Nenciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sandru Florica
- Department of Dermatology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin George Nenciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Bucur' Maternity, 040294 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aida Petca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Elias Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Răzvan-Cosmin Petca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Urology, 'Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele' Clinical Hospital, 050659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Vasile Comănici
- Department of Endocrinology 'Titu Maiorescu' University, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 031593 Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Endocrinology, 'C.F. 2' Clinical Hospital, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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6
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Barrea L, Frias-Toral E, Aprano S, Castellucci B, Pugliese G, Rodriguez-Veintimilla D, Vitale G, Gentilini D, Colao A, Savastano S, Muscogiuri G. The clock diet: a practical nutritional guide to manage obesity through chrononutrition. Minerva Med 2021; 113:172-188. [PMID: 33913659 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronobiology studies the biological rhythms or circadian cycles of living organisms and their adaptation to external changes. Biological rhythms can affect hormone production cycles such as sleep/wake, and nutrition/fasting, but these factors can also alter the circadian rhythm (CR). In recent years, numerous studies have highlighted how feeding times and frequency can influence biological rhythms. Additionally, individuals' chronotype, working shifts, and food intake can make a deep impact on people's tendency to develop obesity and metabolic diseases. In this context, a single food and a specific combination of these, can also affect the CR and fasting cycle and consequently body weight and viceversa. The purpose of the review is to propose practical nutritional recommendations to help in resynchronizing the circadian rhythm as a tool in weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy - .,Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy -
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Research Committee, SOLCA Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.,Palliative Care Residency, Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Sara Aprano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Castellucci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Vitale
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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