Unesi Z, Amouzeshi Z, Jamavar J, Mahmoudzadeh Zarandi F. The Effect of a Combination of Vibration and External Cold on Pain Caused during Vaccine Injection in Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Int J Clin Pract 2024;
2024:7170927. [PMID:
38469171 PMCID:
PMC10927340 DOI:
10.1155/2024/7170927]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim
This study was conducted to determine the effect of combining vibration and external cold on pain caused by vaccine injection among six-month-old infants.
Design
Randomized controlled trial.
Methods
In this clinical trial, 80 eligible infants were selected from the infants referred to a health center as per the inclusion criteria. The infants were assigned to either a control group or an intervention group by block randomization. In the intervention group, a vibrating and cold device was placed above the injection site from one minute before to 15 seconds after the pentavalent vaccine injection. In the control group, no intervention was performed, and they were vaccinated according to the routine procedure. The pain status in the two groups was measured using the Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS) 15 seconds after the injection, and the crying duration was assessed from the injection of the vaccine till the end of it. Data were analyzed in SPSS 23 software using Mann-Whitney, t, Spearman, and chi-square tests. The level of significance was set to p < 0.05.
Results
Most participants in the control (55%) and intervention (55%) groups were girls. Statistical data analysis of 80 infants showed that the mean pain intensity (p = 0.032) and duration of crying (p = 0.0001) in the intervention group (6.1 ± 1.8, 32.47 ± 16.78) were lower than those of the control group (7.2 ± 0.1, 51.02 ± 25.9), respectively.
Conclusion
Because the intensity of pain, especially the duration of crying, was lower in the intervention group than in the control group, we may suggest that nurses use simple pain relief solutions in vaccination centers, such as a combination of vibration and cold. This trial is registered with IRCT201207157130N2.
Collapse