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Chair SY, Chan JYW, Waye MMY, Liu T, Law BMH, Chien WT. Exploration of Potential Genetic Biomarkers for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115904. [PMID: 34072866 PMCID: PMC8198957 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure (HF) often present with signs and symptoms that are often nonspecific and with a wide differential diagnosis, making diagnosis and prognosis of HF by clinical presentation alone challenging. Our knowledge on genetic diversity is rapidly evolving with high-throughput DNA sequencing technology, which makes a great potential for genetic biomarker development. The present review attempts to provide a comprehensive review on the modification of major genetic components in HF patients and to explore the potential application of these components as clinical biomarkers in the diagnosis and in monitoring the progress of HF. The literature search was conducted using six databases, resulting in the inclusion of eighteen studies in the review. The findings of these studies were summarized narratively. An appraisal of the reporting quality of the included studies was conducted using a twelve-item checklist adapted from the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. The findings showed that changes in genetic components in patients with HF compared to healthy controls could be noninvasive diagnostic or prognostic tools for HF with higher specificity and sensitivity in comparison with the traditional biomarkers. This review provided evidence for the potential of developing genetic biomarkers of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sek-Ying Chair
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Asia-Pacific Genomic and Genetic Nursing Centre, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Judy-Yuet-Wa Chan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mary-Miu-Yee Waye
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- The Croucher Laboratory for Human Genomics, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Liu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
| | - Bernard-Man-Hin Law
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
| | - Wai-Tong Chien
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.-Y.C.); (M.-M.-Y.W.); (T.L.); (B.-M.-H.L.); (W.-T.C.)
- Asia-Pacific Genomic and Genetic Nursing Centre, The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Shrivastava A, Haase T, Zeller T, Schulte C. Biomarkers for Heart Failure Prognosis: Proteins, Genetic Scores and Non-coding RNAs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:601364. [PMID: 33330662 PMCID: PMC7719677 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.601364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease in which cardiomyocyte injury leads to a cascade of inflammatory and fibrosis pathway activation, thereby causing decrease in cardiac function. As a result, several biomolecules are released which can be identified easily in circulating body fluids. The complex biological processes involved in the development and worsening of HF require an early treatment strategy to stop deterioration of cardiac function. Circulating biomarkers provide not only an ideal platform to detect subclinical changes, their clinical application also offers the opportunity to monitor disease treatment. Many of these biomarkers can be quantified with high sensitivity; allowing their clinical application to be evaluated beyond diagnostic purposes as potential tools for HF prognosis. Though the field of biomarkers is dominated by protein molecules, non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are novel and promising biomarker candidates that encompass several ideal characteristics required in the biomarker field. The application of genetic biomarkers as genetic risk scores in disease prognosis, albeit in its infancy, holds promise to improve disease risk estimation. Despite the multitude of biomarkers that have been available and identified, the majority of novel biomarker candidates are not cardiac-specific, and instead may simply be a readout of systemic inflammation or other pathological processes. Thus, the true value of novel biomarker candidates in HF prognostication remains unclear. In this article, we discuss the current state of application of protein, genetic as well as non-coding RNA biomarkers in HF risk prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Shrivastava
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tina Haase
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schulte
- Clinic for Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Luebeck, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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