Nursing spiritual assessment instruments in adult patients: a narrative literature review

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale: A Cross-Sectional Study in Eight US Nursing Homes

The aim of this study was to test a modified Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) and report initial findings, based on a cross-sectional descriptive survey from eight nursing homes in the USA. This study examined the psychometric properties of a modified version of the SSCRS for assessing the perceptions of staff (i.e. nurses, rehabilitation staff, food and nutrition service staff, activities staff, social workers, and administrative staff) who work in nursing homes. The modified version of the SSCRS is measuring respondents' perceptions of spirituality, spiritual care, religiosity, and personalized care. Confirmatory factor analysis showed satisfactory goodness of fit for the original four-factor structure of the SSCRS. The modified version demonstrated good internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.71 to 0.90). Initial findings showed statistically significant differences across all four sub-scales. Further research is needed to psychometrically test the modified tool.

Designing and psychometric properties of the hospitalized patients' spiritual needs questionnaire (HPSNQ) in the medical-surgical hospital setting

BACKGROUND

The evaluation of spiritual requirements in patients can facilitate the delivery of spiritual care as an essential element of holistic healthcare. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire on patients' spiritual needs in medical-surgical hospital settings.

METHODS

This research utilized an exploratory sequential design, involving the creation of a pool of items through both inductive and deductive methods. The questionnaire's psychometric properties were then assessed using various techniques, such as face and content validity, item analysis, construct validity, internal consistency, stability, confirmatory factor analysis, and the Gradual Response Model of Samejima. The data analysis was conducted using MPLUS software, version 5.1.

RESULTS

The study's results showed that a four-factor structure (interpersonal connectedness, relationship with God, transcendence, and peaceful environment) with 43 items was successfully extracted through exploratory factor analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis supported the findings of the exploratory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scale and factors ranged between 0.83 and 0.95. Furthermore, the interclass correlation coefficients for the scale and factors were between 0.89 and 0.96.

CONCLUSIONS

The questionnaire designed in this study is a reliable and valid instrument that can be utilized by healthcare, educational, and research institutions to evaluate the spiritual needs of patients in medical-surgical hospital settings.