1
|
Nores R, Tavella MP, Fabra M, Demarchi DA. Ancient DNA analysis reveals temporal and geographical patterns of mitochondrial diversity in pre-Hispanic populations from Central Argentina. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23733. [PMID: 35238427 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study of the ancient populations of Central Argentina has a crucial importance for our understanding of the evolutionary processes in the Southern Cone of South America, given its geographic position as a crossroads. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the temporal and geographical patterns of genetic variation among the groups that inhabited the current territory of Córdoba Province during the Middle and Late Holocene. METHODS We analyzed the mitochondrial haplogroups of 74 individuals and 46 Hypervariable Region I (HVR-I) sequences, both novel and previously reported, from archeological populations of the eastern Plains and western Sierras regions of the province of Córdoba. The HVR-I sequences were also compared with other ancient groups from Argentina and with present-day populations from Central Argentina by pairwise distance analysis and identification of shared haplotypes. RESULTS Significant differences in haplogroup and haplotype distributions between the two geographical regions were found. Sierras showed genetic affinities with certain ancient populations of Northwestern Argentina, while Plains resembled its neighbors from Santiago del Estero Province and the Pampas region. We did not observe genetic differences among the pre 1200 and post 1200 yBP temporal subsets of individuals defined by the emergence of horticulture, considering both geographical samples jointly. CONCLUSIONS The observed patterns of geographical heterogeneity could indicate the existence of biologically distinct populations inhabiting the mountainous region and the eastern plains of Córdoba Province in pre-Hispanic times. Maternal lineages analyses support a scenario of local evolution with great temporal depth in Central Argentina, with continuity until the present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Nores
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamento de Antropología, Córdoba, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Pía Tavella
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamento de Antropología, Córdoba, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana Fabra
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamento de Antropología, Córdoba, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Darío A Demarchi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamento de Antropología, Córdoba, Argentina.,CONICET, Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
García A, Nores R, Motti JMB, Pauro M, Luisi P, Bravi CM, Fabra M, Gosling AL, Kardailsky O, Boocock J, Solé-Morata N, Matisoo-Smith EA, Comas D, Demarchi DA. Ancient and modern mitogenomes from Central Argentina: new insights into population continuity, temporal depth and migration in South America. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1200-1217. [PMID: 33856032 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The inverted triangle shape of South America places Argentina territory as a geographical crossroads between the two principal peopling streams that followed either the Pacific or the Atlantic coasts, which could have then merged in Central Argentina (CA). Although the genetic diversity from this region is therefore crucial to decipher past population movements in South America, its characterization has been overlooked so far. We report 92 modern and 22 ancient mitogenomes spanning a temporal range of 5000 years, which were compared with a large set of previously reported data. Leveraging this dataset representative of the mitochondrial diversity of the subcontinent, we investigate the maternal history of CA populations within a wider geographical context. We describe a large number of novel clades within the mitochondrial DNA tree, thus providing new phylogenetic interpretations for South America. We also identify several local clades of great temporal depth with continuity until the present time, which stem directly from the founder haplotypes, suggesting that they originated in the region and expanded from there. Moreover, the presence of lineages characteristic of other South American regions reveals the existence of gene flow to CA. Finally, we report some lineages with discontinuous distribution across the Americas, which suggest the persistence of relic lineages likely linked to the first population arrivals. The present study represents to date the most exhaustive attempt to elaborate a Native American genetic map from modern and ancient complete mitochondrial genomes in Argentina and provides relevant information about the general process of settlement in South America.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina García
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina.,Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Nores
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina.,Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Josefina M B Motti
- FACSO (NEIPHPA), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Quequén 7631, Argentina
| | - Maia Pauro
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina.,Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Pierre Luisi
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Claudio M Bravi
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), CCT La Plata CONICET, CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1906, Argentina
| | - Mariana Fabra
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina.,Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Anna L Gosling
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Olga Kardailsky
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - James Boocock
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | | | - David Comas
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Darío A Demarchi
- Departamento de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina.,Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|