Ischemic stroke and incidental finding of a right atrial lipoma

Incidental Cardiac Lipoma in a Pediatric Patient

Cardiac lipomas are primary benign tumors of the heart, consisting mainly of fat cells and the capsule surrounding them. They are rare, usually detected incidentally, and are mostly asymptomatic or may cause symptoms depending on their location. In this case, we planned to present a 13-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with cardiac lipoma, had echocardiography follow-up at regular intervals, and was treated symptomatically. Although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological diagnosis are required to confirm the diagnosis of cardiac lipoma, resection may not be necessary due to the location of the mass and the fact that it does not cause any life-threatening symptoms, as in our patient.

Surgical Management for a Rare Pedunculated Left Ventricular Apical Lipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Cardiac lipomas, though extremely rare, are encapsulated tumors composed primarily of mature fat cells. Despite their benign character, cardiac lipomas can cause life-threatening complications by rapid growth. Cardiac lipomas, which are frequently located in the left ventricle (LV) or right atrium, can originate either from the subendocardium, subpericardium, or the myocardium. They are usually asymptomatic and carry a good prognosis during long-term follow-up; however, published reports show that untreated cardiac lipomas may be fatal when they cause arrhythmic or obstructive symptoms. In addition, several surgical options have been reported to obtain an appropriate operative view following poor visualization, primarily when tumors are located in the LV. Herein, we present a case of a pedunculated LV apical lipoma in a symptomatic patient successfully managed by surgical resection. We also discuss diagnostic modalities in surgical planning and the choice of surgical approach.

A Case of Asymptomatic Cardiac Lipoma and Literature Review

Primary cardiac tumours are a rare occurrence, of which lipomas comprise approximately 8%. Although mostly asymptomatic, cardiac lipomas can lead to lethal arrhythmias and significant left ventricular outflow obstruction. We present a case of an asymptomatic left ventricular lipoma managed by surgical resection and discuss diagnostic modalities and management options. Our case exemplifies how prompt surgical resection is a reasonable and safe approach in select patients even if they are asymptomatic.

From pathogenesis to treatment, a systemic review of cardiac lipoma

Cardiac lipoma is an uncommon primary cardiac tumor. With the advancement of diagnostic methods and treatment techniques, more cases of cardiac lipomas have been reported and suggest that the entity previously widely thought to display classic features may also show atypical findings. A systemic review of the rare cardiac tumor was done by searching the literature of cardiac lipoma. We endeavor to summarize the clinical features of the rare disease from pathogenesis to treatment. Literature of cardiac lipoma was retrospectively searched through PubMed and 255 cases of cardiac lipoma were included into this analysis. Cardiac lipomas can occur anywhere within the heart, 53.1% were located within the cardiac chambers, 32.5% in the pericardium, 10,7% within the myocardium and 3.7% involved multiple structures. More than half of the reported cardiac lipomas (66%) may be clinically symptomatic, presenting with symptoms ranging from chest discomfort to syncope depending on their size and location as well as extent of myocardial involvement. Noninvasive cardiac imaging has replaced the role of autopsy and cardiothoracic surgery in detection and diagnosis of cardiac lipomas. Most symptomatic patients (83.7%) were treated by resection of cardiac lipomas and 68.3% of asymptomatic patients also underwentprophylactic resection. Overgrowth and myocardial infiltration of lipomas may result in unsuccessful resection. Recurrence of cardiac lipomas was rare but reported in a few cases. The early detection and accurate diagnosis of cardiac lipoma is of great significance in clinical management, to avoid an unfavourable outcome due to overgrowth.

Giant Cardiac Lipoma: Refined Hypothesis Proposes Invagination from Extracardiac to Intracardiac Sites

Cardiac lipomas are rare and usually present as benign, encapsulated masses outside the heart; however, they can also be found within the atria. No single theory-including molecular genetic mutation-adequately explains why this occurs. Extensive career experience and broadened knowledge in embryology and cardiac physiology have helped us to develop a hypothesis based on invagination of extracardiac tumors. This report describes a vexing case of a giant right atrial lipoma, from 1985, in which the diagnosis was made incidentally during management of a patient's acute limb ischemia. In addition, we discuss the imaging and treatment of cardiac lipoma.