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da Silva RSP, Bortolini MAT, Teixeira JB, Batista NC, Fitz FF, Allen-Brady K, Castro RA. Association between the rs1036819 polymorphism of the ZFAT gene and pelvic organ prolapse: a case-control study. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:2611-2617. [PMID: 37535103 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS The identification of risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) would contribute to planning prevention strategies. This study tests the hypothesis that the rs1036819 polymorphism in the ZFAT gene is associated with POP and investigates other risk factors for prolapse development. METHODS A case-control study was carried out including 826 postmenopausal women divided into POP cases (stages III and IV) and controls (stages 0 and I), assessed by anamnesis, examination, and peripheral blood samples. DNA was extracted from blood and genotyped by real-time RT-PCR. We used logistic regression models for the association analyses of variables, with p < 0.05 for significance. RESULTS Five hundred and sixty-eight women were evaluated (315 POP and 253 controls). The minor allele C was found in 19.3% of our sample and the genotype frequencies of AA, AC, and CC were similar in both groups. Age (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.13), number of pregnancies (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.41), history of one vaginal delivery (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.38-8.33) or two or more (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.04-6.07), weight of the largest newborn (OR 1.0001, 95% CI 1-1.001), and family history of POP (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.24-4.13) were independent risk factors for POP, whereas one cesarean section (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27-0.88) or two or more (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05-0.38) were protective. CONCLUSIONS No association was detected between the rs1036819 polymorphism of the ZFAT gene and advanced POP. Age, number of pregnancies, at least one vaginal delivery, weight of the newborn, and POP family history were independent risk factors for POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sotelo Pinheiro da Silva
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Hospital Federal de Ipanema - Setor de Ginecologia, Rua Antônio Parreiras, 67 - 4º andar, CEP: 22411-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria A T Bortolini
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana B Teixeira
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilce C Batista
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fatima F Fitz
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo A Castro
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Marete A, Sahana G, Fritz S, Lefebvre R, Barbat A, Lund MS, Guldbrandtsen B, Boichard D. Genome-wide association study for milking speed in French Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6205-6219. [PMID: 29705414 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Using a combination of data from the BovineSNP50 BeadChip SNP array (Illumina, San Diego, CA) and a EuroGenomics (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) custom single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip with SNP pre-selected from whole genome sequence data, we carried out an association study of milking speed in 32,491 French Holstein dairy cows. Milking speed was measured by a score given by the farmer. Phenotypes were yield deviations as obtained from the French evaluation system. They were analyzed with a linear mixed model for association studies. We identified SNP on 22 chromosomes significantly associated with milking speed. As clinical mastitis and somatic cell score have an unfavorable genetic correlation with milking speed, we tested whether the most significant SNP on these 22 chromosomes associated with milking speed were also associated with clinical mastitis or somatic cell score. Nine hundred seventy-one genome-wide significant SNP were associated with milking speed. Of these, 86 were associated with clinical mastitis and 198 with somatic cell score. The most significant association signals for milking speed were observed on chromosomes 7, 8, 10, 14, and 18. The most significant signal was located on chromosome 14 (ZFAT gene). Eleven novel milking speed quantitative trait loci (QTL) were observed on chromosomes 7, 10, 11, 14, 18, 25, and 26. Twelve candidate SNP for milking speed mapped directly within genes. Of these, 10 were QTL lead SNP, which mapped within the genes HMHA1, POLR2E, GNB5, KLHL29, ZFAT, KCNB2, CEACAM18, CCL24, and LHPP. Limited pleiotropy was observed between milking speed QTL and clinical mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Marete
- INRA, UMR 1313 GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; Aarhus University, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Goutam Sahana
- Aarhus University, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Sébastien Fritz
- INRA, UMR 1313 GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; ALLICE, 75595 Paris, France
| | - Rachel Lefebvre
- INRA, UMR 1313 GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anne Barbat
- INRA, UMR 1313 GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mogens Sandø Lund
- Aarhus University, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Bernt Guldbrandtsen
- Aarhus University, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Didier Boichard
- INRA, UMR 1313 GABI, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Liu T, Wang L, Chen H, Huang Y, Yang P, Ahmed N, Wang T, Liu Y, Chen Q. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Apoptosis during Dissociated Spermatogenesis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:188. [PMID: 28424629 PMCID: PMC5372796 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a tightly controlled process by which tissues eliminate unwanted cells. Spontaneous germ cell apoptosis in testis has been broadly investigated in mammals that have an associated spermatogenesis pattern. However, the mechanism of germ cell apoptosis in seasonally breeding reptiles following a dissociated spermatogenesis has remained enigmatic. In the present study, morphological evidence has clearly confirmed the dissociated spermatogenesis pattern in Pelodiscus sinensis. TUNEL and TEM analyses presented dynamic changes and ultrastructural characteristics of apoptotic germ cells during seasonal spermatogenesis, implying that apoptosis might be one of the key mechanisms to clear degraded germ cells. Furthermore, using RNA-Seq and digital gene expression (DGE) profiling, a large number of apoptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different phases of spermatogenesis were identified and characterized in the testis. DGE and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the critical anti-apoptosis genes, such as Bcl-2, BAG1, and BAG5, showed up-regulated patterns during intermediate and late spermatogenesis. Moreover, the increases in mitochondrial transmembrane potential in July and October were detected by JC-1 staining. Notably, the low protein levels of pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3 and CytC in cytoplasm were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses, indicating that the CytC-Caspase model might be responsible for the effects of germ cell apoptosis on seasonal spermatogenesis. These results facilitate understanding the regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis during spermatogenesis and uncovering the biological process of the dissociated spermatogenesis system in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Taozhi Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Cell Biology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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Paisie CA, Schrock MS, Karras JR, Zhang J, Miuma S, Ouda IM, Waters CE, Saldivar JC, Druck T, Huebner K. Exome-wide single-base substitutions in tissues and derived cell lines of the constitutive Fhit knockout mouse. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:528-35. [PMID: 26782170 PMCID: PMC4832848 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of expression of Fhit, a tumor suppressor and genome caretaker, occurs in preneoplastic lesions during development of many human cancers. Furthermore, Fhit-deficient mouse models are exquisitely susceptible to carcinogen induction of cancers of the lung and forestomach. Due to absence of Fhit genome caretaker function, cultured cells and tissues of the constitutive Fhit knockout strain develop chromosome aneuploidy and allele copy number gains and losses and we hypothesized that Fhit-deficient cells would also develop point mutations. On analysis of whole exome sequences of Fhit-deficient tissues and cultured cells, we found 300 to >1000 single-base substitutions associated with Fhit loss in the 2% of the genome included in exomes, relative to the C57Bl6 reference genome. The mutation signature is characterized by increased C>T and T>C mutations, similar to the "age at diagnosis" signature identified in human cancers. The Fhit-deficiency mutation signature also resembles a C>T and T>C mutation signature reported for human papillary kidney cancers and a similar signature recently reported for esophageal and bladder cancers, cancers that are frequently Fhit deficient. The increase in T>C mutations in -/- exomes may be due to dNTP imbalance, particularly in thymidine triphosphate, resulting from decreased expression of thymidine kinase 1 in Fhit-deficient cells. Fhit-deficient kidney cells that survived in vitro dimethylbenz(a)anthracene treatment additionally showed increased T>A mutations, a signature generated by treatment with this carcinogen, suggesting that these T>A transversions may be evidence of carcinogen-induced preneoplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Paisie
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
- Present address: The Center for Infectious Disease ResearchSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Morgan S. Schrock
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jenna R. Karras
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Satoshi Miuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan
| | - Iman M. Ouda
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Catherine E. Waters
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
- Present address: Department of BiochemistryMolecular Biology and Biophysics Institute for Molecular VirologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Joshua C. Saldivar
- Department of Chemical and Systems BiologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Teresa Druck
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kay Huebner
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
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Ishikura S, Ogawa M, Doi K, Matsuzaki H, Iwaihara Y, Tanaka Y, Tsunoda T, Hideshima H, Okamura T, Shirasawa S. Zfat-deficient CD4⁺ CD8⁺ double-positive thymocytes are susceptible to apoptosis with deregulated activation of p38 and JNK. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:149-57. [PMID: 25169027 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Zfat, which is a nuclear protein harboring an AT-hook domain and 18-repeats of C2H2 zinc-finger motif, is highly expressed in immune-related tissues, including the thymus and spleen. T cell specific deletion of the Zfat gene by crossing Zfat(f/f) mice with LckCre mice yields a significant reduction in the number of CD4(+) CD8(+) double-positive (DP) thymocytes. However, physiological role for Zfat in T cell development in the thymus remains unknown. Here, we found that Zfat-deficient DP thymocytes in Zfat(f/f)-LckCre mice were susceptible to apoptosis both at an unstimulated state and in response to T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulation. The phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK were elevated in Zfat-deficient thymocytes at an unstimulated state with an enhanced phosphorylation of ATF2 and with an over-expression of Gadd45α⋅ On the other hand, the activation of JNK in the Zfat-deficient thymocytes, but not p38, was strengthened and prolonged in response to TCR-stimulation. All these results demonstrate that Zfat critically participates in the development of DP thymocytes through regulating the activities of p38 and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Ishikura
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Tochio N, Umehara T, Nakabayashi K, Yoneyama M, Tsuda K, Shirouzu M, Koshiba S, Watanabe S, Kigawa T, Sasazuki T, Shirasawa S, Yokoyama S. Solution structures of the DNA-binding domains of immune-related zinc-finger protein ZFAT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 16:55-65. [PMID: 25801860 PMCID: PMC4427657 DOI: 10.1007/s10969-015-9196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ZFAT is a transcriptional regulator, containing eighteen C2H2-type zinc-fingers and one AT-hook, involved in autoimmune thyroid disease, apoptosis, and immune-related cell survival. We determined the solution structures of the thirteen individual ZFAT zinc-fingers (ZF) and the tandemly arrayed zinc-fingers in the regions from ZF2 to ZF5, by NMR spectroscopy. ZFAT has eight uncommon bulged-out helix-containing zinc-fingers, and six of their structures (ZF4, ZF5, ZF6, ZF10, ZF11, and ZF13) were determined. The distribution patterns of the putative DNA-binding surface residues are different among the ZFAT zinc-fingers, suggesting the distinct DNA sequence preferences of the N-terminal and C-terminal zinc-fingers. Since ZFAT has three to five consecutive tandem zinc-fingers, which may cooperatively function as a unit, we also determined two tandemly arrayed zinc-finger structures, between ZF2 to ZF4 and ZF3 to ZF5. Our NMR spectroscopic analysis detected the interaction between ZF4 and ZF5, which are connected by an uncommon linker sequence, KKIK. The ZF4–ZF5 linker restrained the relative structural space between the two zinc-fingers in solution, unlike the other linker regions with determined structures, suggesting the involvement of the ZF4–ZF5 interfinger linker in the regulation of ZFAT function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tochio
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Research Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530 Japan
| | - Takashi Umehara
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535 Japan
| | - Misao Yoneyama
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Kengo Tsuda
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8573 Japan
| | - Satoru Watanabe
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Takanori Kigawa
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori, Yokohama, 226-8502 Japan.,RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasazuki
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Senji Shirasawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan.,Center for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.,RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
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7
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Ogawa M, Okamura T, Ishikura S, Doi K, Matsuzaki H, Tanaka Y, Ota T, Hayakawa K, Suzuki H, Tsunoda T, Sasazuki T, Shirasawa S. Zfat-deficiency results in a loss of CD3ζ phosphorylation with dysregulation of ERK and Egr activities leading to impaired positive selection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76254. [PMID: 24098453 PMCID: PMC3789737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ZFAT gene was originally identified as a susceptibility gene for autoimmune thyroid disease. Mouse Zfat is a critical transcriptional regulator for primitive hematopoiesis and required for peripheral T cell homeostasis. However, its physiological roles in T cell development remain poorly understood. Here, we generated Zfatf/f-LckCre mice and demonstrated that T cell-specific Zfat-deletion in Zfatf/f-LckCre mice resulted in a reduction in the number of CD4+CD8+double-positive (DP) cells, CD4+single positive cells and CD8+single positive cells. Indeed, in Zfatf/f-LckCre DP cells, positive selection was severely impaired. Defects of positive selection in Zfat-deficient thymocytes were not restored in the presence of the exogenous TCR by using TCR-transgenic mice. Furthermore, Zfat-deficient DP cells showed a loss of CD3ζ phosphorylation in response to T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-stimulation concomitant with dysregulation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and early growth response protein (Egr) activities. These results demonstrate that Zfat is required for proper regulation of the TCR-proximal signalings, and is a crucial molecule for positive selection through ERK and Egr activities, thus suggesting that a full understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms of Zfat will provide deeper insight into T cell development and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ogawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Division of Animal Models, Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ishikura
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Doi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuzaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeharu Ota
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Hayakawa
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Harumi Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tsunoda
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Senji Shirasawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Liu Y, Maxwell S, Feng T, Zhu X, Elston RC, Koyutürk M, Chance MR. Gene, pathway and network frameworks to identify epistatic interactions of single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from GWAS data. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2012; 6 Suppl 3:S15. [PMID: 23281810 PMCID: PMC3524014 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-6-s3-s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Interactions among genomic loci (also known as epistasis) have been suggested as one of the potential sources of missing heritability in single locus analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The computational burden of searching for interactions is compounded by the extremely low threshold for identifying significant p-values due to multiple hypothesis testing corrections. Utilizing prior biological knowledge to restrict the set of candidate SNP pairs to be tested can alleviate this problem, but systematic studies that investigate the relative merits of integrating different biological frameworks and GWAS data have not been conducted. Results We developed four biologically based frameworks to identify pairwise interactions among candidate SNP pairs as follows: (1) for each human protein-coding gene, a set of SNPs associated with that gene was constructed providing a gene-based interaction model, (2) for each known biological pathway, a set of SNPs associated with the genes in the pathway was constructed providing a pathway-based interaction model, (3) a set of SNPs associated with genes in a disease-related subnetwork provides a network-based interaction model, and (4) a framework is based on the function of SNPs. The last approach uses expression SNPs (eSNPs or eQTLs), which are SNPs or loci that have defined effects on the abundance of transcripts of other genes. We constructed pairs of eSNPs and SNPs located in the target genes whose expression is regulated by eSNPs. For all four frameworks the SNP sets were exhaustively tested for pairwise interactions within the sets using a traditional logistic regression model after excluding genes that were previously identified to associate with the trait. Using previously published GWAS data for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the biologically based pair-wise interaction modeling, we identify twelve genes not seen in the previous single locus analysis. Conclusion We present four approaches to detect interactions associated with complex diseases. The results show our approaches outperform the traditional single locus approaches in detecting genes that previously did not reach significance; the results also provide novel drug targets and biomarkers relevant to the underlying mechanisms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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9
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SIRT3 functions in the nucleus in the control of stress-related gene expression. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:5022-34. [PMID: 23045395 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00822-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT3 is a member of the Sir2 family of NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases that promotes longevity in many organisms. The processed short form of SIRT3 is a well-established mitochondrial protein whose deacetylase activity regulates various metabolic processes. However, the presence of full-length (FL) SIRT3 in the nucleus and its functional importance remain controversial. Our previous studies demonstrated that nuclear FL SIRT3 functions as a histone deacetylase and is transcriptionally repressive when artificially recruited to a reporter gene. Here, we report that nuclear FL SIRT3 is subjected to rapid degradation under conditions of cellular stress, including oxidative stress and UV irradiation, whereas the mitochondrial processed form is unaffected. FL SIRT3 degradation is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, at least partially through the ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) activity of SKP2. Finally, we show by chromatin immunoprecipitation that some target genes of nuclear SIRT3 are derepressed upon degradation of SIRT3 caused by stress stimuli. Thus, SIRT3 exhibits a previously unappreciated role in the nucleus, modulating the expression of some stress-related and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes.
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10
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Barbaux S, Gascoin-Lachambre G, Buffat C, Monnier P, Mondon F, Tonanny MB, Pinard A, Auer J, Bessières B, Barlier A, Jacques S, Simeoni U, Dandolo L, Letourneur F, Jammes H, Vaiman D. A genome-wide approach reveals novel imprinted genes expressed in the human placenta. Epigenetics 2012; 7:1079-90. [PMID: 22894909 PMCID: PMC3466192 DOI: 10.4161/epi.21495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting characterizes genes with a monoallelic expression, which is dependent on the parental origin of each allele. Approximately 150 imprinted genes are known to date, in humans and mice but, though computational searches have tried to extract intrinsic characteristics of these genes to identify new ones, the existing list is probably far from being comprehensive. We used a high-throughput strategy by diverting the classical use of genotyping microarrays to compare the genotypes of mRNA/cDNA vs. genomic DNA to identify new genes presenting monoallelic expression, starting from human placental material. After filtering of data, we obtained a list of 1,082 putative candidate monoallelic SNPs located in more than one hundred candidate genes. Among these, we found known imprinted genes, such as IPW, GRB10, INPP5F and ZNF597, which contribute to validate the approach. We also explored some likely candidates of our list and identified seven new imprinted genes, including ZFAT, ZFAT-AS1, GLIS3, NTM, MAGI2, ZC3H12Cand LIN28B, four of which encode zinc finger transcription factors. They are, however, not imprinted in the mouse placenta, except for Magi2. We analyzed in more details the ZFAT gene, which is paternally expressed in the placenta (as ZFAT-AS1, a non-coding antisense RNA) but biallelic in other tissues. The ZFAT protein is expressed in endothelial cells, as well as in syncytiotrophoblasts. The expression of this gene is, moreover, downregulated in placentas from complicated pregnancies. With this work we increase by about 10% the number of known imprinted genes in humans.
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Doi K, Fujimoto T, Okamura T, Ogawa M, Tanaka Y, Mototani Y, Goto M, Ota T, Matsuzaki H, Kuroki M, Tsunoda T, Sasazuki T, Shirasawa S. ZFAT plays critical roles in peripheral T cell homeostasis and its T cell receptor-mediated response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 425:107-12. [PMID: 22828507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ZFAT, originally identified as a candidate susceptibility gene for autoimmune thyroid disease, has been reported to be involved in apoptosis, development and primitive hematopoiesis. Zfat is highly expressed in T- and B-cells in the lymphoid tissues, however, its physiological function in the immune system remains totally unknown. Here, we generated the T cell-specific Zfat-deficient mice and demonstrated that Zfat-deficiency leads to a remarkable reduction in the number of the peripheral T cells. Intriguingly, a reduced expression of IL-7Rα and the impaired responsiveness to IL-7 for the survival were observed in the Zfat-deficient T cells. Furthermore, a severe defect in proliferation and increased apoptosis in the Zfat-deficient T cells following T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation was observed with a reduced IL-2Rα expression as well as a reduced IL-2 production. Thus, our findings reveal that Zfat is a critical regulator in peripheral T cell homeostasis and its TCR-mediated response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Doi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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