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Schneider LJ, Santiago I, Johnson B, Stanley AH, Penaredondo B, Lund AK. Histological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease revealed in response to mixed vehicle emission exposure and consumption of a high-fat diet in wildtype C57Bl/6 male mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115094. [PMID: 37285676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently plaguing the population at pandemic proportions and is expected to become more prevalent over the next decade. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated a correlation between the manifestation of NAFLD and ambient air pollution levels, which is exacerbated by other risk factors, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. Exposure to airborne particulate matter has also been associated with inflammation, hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and hepatocyte injury. While prolonged consumption of a high-fat (HF) diet is associated with NAFLD, little is known regarding the effects of inhaled traffic-generated air pollution, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, on the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Therefore, we investigated the hypothesis that exposure to a mixture of gasoline and diesel engine emissions (MVE), coupled with the concurrent consumption of a HF diet, promotes the development of a NAFLD phenotype within the liver. Three-month-old male C57Bl/6 mice were placed on either a low-fat or HF diet and exposed via whole-body inhalation to either filtered (FA) air or MVE (30 µg PM/m3 gasoline engine emissions + 70 µg PM/m3 diesel engine emissions) 6 hr/day for 30 days. Histology revealed mild microvesicular steatosis and hepatocyte hypertrophy in response to MVE exposure alone, compared to FA controls, yielding a classification of "borderline NASH" under the criteria of the modified NAFLD active score (NAS) system. As anticipated, animals on a HF diet exhibited moderate steatosis; however, we also observed inflammatory infiltrates, hepatocyte hypertrophy, and increased lipid accumulation, with the combined effect of HF diet and MVE exposure. Our results indicate that inhalation exposure to traffic-generated air pollution initiates hepatocyte injury and further exacerbates lipid accumulation and hepatocyte injury induced by the consumption of a HF diet, thereby contributing to the progression of NAFLD-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J Schneider
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Isabella Santiago
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Bailee Johnson
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Analana Hays Stanley
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Bea Penaredondo
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Amie K Lund
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
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Morgan HL, Furse S, Dias IHK, Shabir K, Castellanos M, Khan I, May ST, Holmes N, Carlile M, Sang F, Wright V, Koulman A, Watkins AJ. Paternal low protein diet perturbs inter-generational metabolic homeostasis in a tissue-specific manner in mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:929. [PMID: 36075960 PMCID: PMC9458637 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms driving paternally-programmed metabolic disease in offspring remain poorly defined. We fed male C57BL/6 mice either a control normal protein diet (NPD; 18% protein) or an isocaloric low protein diet (LPD; 9% protein) for a minimum of 8 weeks. Using artificial insemination, in combination with vasectomised male mating, we generated offspring using either NPD or LPD sperm but in the presence of NPD or LPD seminal plasma. Offspring from either LPD sperm or seminal fluid display elevated body weight and tissue dyslipidaemia from just 3 weeks of age. These changes become more pronounced in adulthood, occurring in conjunction with altered hepatic metabolic and inflammatory pathway gene expression. Second generation offspring also display differential tissue lipid abundance, with profiles similar to those of first generation adults. These findings demonstrate that offspring metabolic homeostasis is perturbed in response to a suboptimal paternal diet with the effects still evident within a second generation. Poor paternal diet leads to changes in offspring tissue lipid abundance that is still evident in a second generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Morgan
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Samuel Furse
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Keith Day Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Biological Chemistry Group, Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Irundika H K Dias
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Kiran Shabir
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| | - Marcos Castellanos
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC), University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Plant Science Building, School of Biosciences, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Iqbal Khan
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC), University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Plant Science Building, School of Biosciences, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Sean T May
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC), University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Plant Science Building, School of Biosciences, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nadine Holmes
- Deep Seq, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Matthew Carlile
- Deep Seq, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Fei Sang
- Deep Seq, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Victoria Wright
- Deep Seq, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Keith Day Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Adam J Watkins
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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