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Bedhiaf-Romdhani S, Baazaoui I, Arari E, Lahmar M, Letaief N, Hemdène M, Rekik M, Haile A. Marker-assisted introgression of fecundity mutation into Barbarine sheep breed under low input production system. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:170. [PMID: 37093295 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Fecundity gene introgression has become an economical method to improve sheep prolificacy in developing countries. The FecXBar and FecGH mutations are variants of the BMP15 and GDF9 sheep genes, respectively, identified in Tunisian Barbarine sheep prolific line "W-INRAT," created through a prolificacy-based selection program. The first mutation caused increased prolificacy in heterozygous state and sterility in homozygous ewes. The aim of this work was to increase the number of effective carriers by the introgression of fecundity mutation into non-carrier conventional flocks based on a marker-assisted breeding program. The genotyping was carried out to follow up on the segregation of prolificacy mutation. The conventional ewes, raised in state farms of Tunisia and inseminated by "W-INRAT" rams, yielded 100% carriers females at heterozygous state. These females were selected to be inseminated with conventional rams and produced carriers' lambs with 66.7% males and 33.3% females. The prolific males will be kept in breeding centers to disseminate the fecundity mutation in commercial flocks. This approach facilitates the dissemination of fecundity genes and contributes to livelihood improvement in communities raising Barbarine sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Bedhiaf-Romdhani
- National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, Laboratory of Animal and forage Production, University of Carthage, 1004, Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Baazaoui
- National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, Laboratory of Animal and forage Production, University of Carthage, 1004, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Emna Arari
- National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, Laboratory of Animal and forage Production, University of Carthage, 1004, Ariana, Tunisia
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Mustapha Lahmar
- Livestock and Pasture Agency-OEP, Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Fisheries, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Neyrouz Letaief
- National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia, Laboratory of Animal and forage Production, University of Carthage, 1004, Ariana, Tunisia
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Mounir Hemdène
- Livestock and Pasture Agency-OEP, Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Fisheries, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mourad Rekik
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Amman, Jordan
| | - Aynalem Haile
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Juengel JL, Cushman RA, Dupont J, Fabre S, Lea RG, Martin GB, Mossa F, Pitman JL, Price CA, Smith P. The ovarian follicle of ruminants: the path from conceptus to adult. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:621-642. [PMID: 34210385 DOI: 10.1071/rd21086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This review resulted from an international workshop and presents a consensus view of critical advances over the past decade in our understanding of follicle function in ruminants. The major concepts covered include: (1) the value of major genes; (2) the dynamics of fetal ovarian development and its sensitivity to nutritional and environmental influences; (3) the concept of an ovarian follicle reserve, aligned with the rise of anti-Müllerian hormone as a controller of ovarian processes; (4) renewed recognition of the diverse and important roles of theca cells; (5) the importance of follicular fluid as a microenvironment that determines oocyte quality; (6) the 'adipokinome' as a key concept linking metabolic inputs with follicle development; and (7) the contribution of follicle development to the success of conception. These concepts are important because, in sheep and cattle, ovulation rate is tightly regulated and, as the primary determinant of litter size, it is a major component of reproductive efficiency and therefore productivity. Nowadays, reproductive efficiency is also a target for improving the 'methane efficiency' of livestock enterprises, increasing the need to understand the processes of ovarian development and folliculogenesis, while avoiding detrimental trade-offs as greater performance is sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Juengel
- AgResearch Ltd, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand; and Corresponding author
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Livestock Biosystems Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRAE Institute UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Tours University, France
| | - Stéphane Fabre
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Institut national polytechnique de Toulouse, Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Richard G Lea
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Graeme B Martin
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Francesca Mossa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Italy
| | - Janet L Pitman
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christopher A Price
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Smith
- AgResearch Ltd, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
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Kutlu M, Dinç DA. The effect of double-dose GnRH injections on reproductive performance parameters following short-term progestagen administration in lactated Awassi ewes during the non-breeding season. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:277. [PMID: 33884517 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of double-dose gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection on the induction of oestrus and some reproductive performance parameters in Awassi ewes during the non-breeding season. In the study, 100 ewes were treated with a vaginal sponge containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days in the anoestrus (day 0). PMSG 500 IU and 250 μg cloprostenol sodium were injected on the day of removal of the sponge (day 7). Ewes in Group 1 (n = 31) were not subjected to any hormonal treatment. Ewes in Group 2 (n = 31) were given 50 μg GnRH 48th hour after removal of the sponge. Ewes in Group 3 (n = 33) were given 50 μg GnRH 48th hour after the removal of the sponge and 50 μg GnRH 12th day after post-mating. The results obtained in the study showed that there were no statistical differences between the Groups 1, 2 and 3 in terms of oestrus rates (82.8%, 68.9%, 72.7%), conception rates (66.7%, 55.0%, 54.2%), multiple pregnancy rates (28.5%, 50.0%, 30.7%) and litter sizes (1.28, 1.50, 1.31). No significant increases in P4 concentration were observed in Group 3 treated with GnRH at the 12th day after post-mating; however, a numerically lower (p > 0.05) late embryonic-early fetal mortality rate was observed in Group 3 (0%), when compared with the values obtained in Group 1 (12.5%) and Group 2 (9.1%). In conclusion, after short-term progestagen administration during the non-breeding season, double-dose GnRH injections did not increase P4 concentration and had no significant differences on reproductive performance parameters among groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metehan Kutlu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Services, Adana Metropolitan Municipality, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Dursun Ali Dinç
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Semen Quality of Rasa Aragonesa Rams Carrying the FecXR Allele of the BMP15 Gene. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091628. [PMID: 32932767 PMCID: PMC7552265 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The FecXR mutation is a variant of the ovine gene BMP15 in the Rasa Aragonesa breed. Information on the physiological importance of carrying the FecX polymorphism in rams is limited. The aim of this study was to compare semen quality, testicle characteristics, and fertility rate of rams that carry the FecXR allele. Rams (n = 15) were either FecXR allele carriers (n = 10) or non-carriers, wild type (++) (n = 5). FecXR rams exhibited higher mass motility (p < 0.05), proportion of rapid sperm (p < 0.05), and a lower proportion of slow sperm (p < 0.0001) than did ++ rams. The presence of the FecXR allele was not associated with mean scrotal circumference or testicular length and diameter, although season had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on these traits. Genotype (p < 0.05) and season (p < 0.01) had a significant effect on mean fertility rate, FecXR rams had a higher proportion of pregnant ewes than did ++ rams (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the FecXR allele produced high-quality semen throughout the year, and corresponded with an improvement in some sperm parameters, particularly, mass motility and the proportion of rapid sperm.
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A new allele in the BMP15 gene (FecX) that affects prolificacy co-segregates with FecX and FecX in Rasa aragonesa sheep. Theriogenology 2020; 144:107-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Estienne A, Lahoz B, Jarrier P, Bodin L, Folch J, Alabart JL, Fabre S, Monniaux D. BMP15 regulates the inhibin/activin system independently of ovulation rate control in sheep. Reproduction 2017; 153:395-404. [PMID: 28069901 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) have been associated with multiple ovulations in sheep. As BMP15 regulates inhibin expression in rodents, we assumed that the ovarian inhibin/activin system could mediate part of the effect of BMP15 mutations in the regulation of ovulation rate in sheep. To answer this question, we have studied the effects of two natural loss-of-function mutations of BMP15 on the expression of components of this system. The FecXR and the FecXGr mutations, when present respectively in Rasa Aragonesa ewes at the heterozygous state and in Grivette ewes at the homozygous state, were associated with a twofold increase in ovulation rate. There were only small differences between mutant and wild-type ewes for mRNA expression of INHA, INHBA, ACVR1B, ACVR2A, FST or TGFBR3 in granulosa cells and inhibin A or activin A concentrations in follicular fluid. Moreover, the effects of mutations differed between breeds. In cultures of granulosa cells from wild-type ewes, BMP15, acting alone or in synergy with GDF9, stimulated INHA, INHBA and FST expression, but inhibited the expression of TGFBR3 Activin A did not affect INHBA expression, but inhibited the expression of ACVR2A also. The complexity of the inhibin/activin system, including positive and antagonistic elements, and the differential regulation of these elements by BMP15 and activin can explain that the effects of BMP15 mutations differ when present in different genetic backgrounds. In conclusion, the ovarian inhibin/activin system is unlikely to participate in the increase of ovulation rate associated with BMP15 mutations in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Estienne
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCEUniversité de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Belén Lahoz
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad AnimalCentro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España
| | - Peggy Jarrier
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCEUniversité de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Loys Bodin
- GenPhySEUniversité de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - José Folch
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad AnimalCentro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España
| | - José-Luis Alabart
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad AnimalCentro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España
| | - Stéphane Fabre
- GenPhySEUniversité de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Balaro M, Brandão FZ, Maia A, Souza-Fabjan J, Cueto MI, Gibbons AE, Fonseca JF. Pre-Selection Test to Identify High Responder Donor Goats. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:386-91. [PMID: 27037619 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of pre-selection of high or low responder does prior to the superovulatory protocols. Twenty Saanen does received 800 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) at the end of long-term progestogen treatment. Fourteen days later, a second progestogen protocol associated with a multiple-dose follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) treatment (5 IU/kg of FSH, in six decreasing doses between days 4 to 6 of the protocol) was administered. Transrectal ultrasound was used to assess the follicular status at the beginning of superovulatory treatments, at the oestrous onset and on the seventh day of the oestrous cycle for counting corpora lutea (CL). A significant lower number of CL was obtained in eCG-treated in comparision with FSH-treated does (p < 0.05). A quartic regression was able to explain the relationship between the number of CL in response to both treatments (r(2) =0.50; p < 0.05). Seventy per cent (14 of 20) of does maintained the same ovulatory response (high or low) after treatments. The Kappa (κ = 0.40; p < 0.05) and Spearman (rs = 0.39; p = 0.08) coefficients were able to show a relationship between treatments. Regarding the follicular status, there is a significant relationship between the number of small follicles (r = 0.71; r(2) =0.47; p < 0.01) and total follicles (r = 0.60; p < 0.01) at eCG and first FSH dose with the number of CL. Moreover, it was found a negative relationship between the presence of large follicles and the number of CL in response to eCG treatment (r = -0.44; p < 0.05), but not from FSH (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the screening test with eCG has the potential to identify Saanen does that will better respond to the superovulatory protocol with FSH. In addition, it highlighted the importance of an ultrasound evaluation prior to the beginning of superovulatory treatments with FSH to characterize the follicular status and identify the potential donors of high ovulatory response in MOET programmes in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mfa Balaro
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - F Z Brandão
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alrs Maia
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jmg Souza-Fabjan
- Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - M I Cueto
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - A E Gibbons
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - J F Fonseca
- Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Coronel Pacheco, MG, Brazil
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Bruno-Galarraga M, Cueto M, Gibbons A, Pereyra-Bonnet F, Subiabre M, González-Bulnes A. Preselection of high and low ovulatory responders in sheep multiple ovulation and embryo transfer programs. Theriogenology 2015; 84:784-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hashem NM, El-Azrak KM, Nour El-Din ANM, Taha TA, Salem MH. Effect of GnRH treatment on ovarian activity and reproductive performance of low-prolific Rahmani ewes. Theriogenology 2014; 83:192-8. [PMID: 25442386 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of GnRH treatment during different times of the reproductive cycle on ovarian activity, progesterone (P4) concentration, and subsequent fertility of low-prolific, subtropical, Rahmani ewes during breeding season. Forty-five ewes were synchronized for estrus using a double injection of 0.5 mL of PGF2α agonist (125-μg cloprostenol), 11 days apart. Ewes showing estrus (Day 0) were treated with 1 mL of GnRH agonist (4-μg buserelin) on the day of estrus (GnRH0, n = 12) or 7 days post-mating (GnRH7, n = 10) or on both days (GnRH0+7, n = 11) or not (control, n = 12). Ovarian response to the treatment and diagnosis of pregnancy were ultrasonographically monitored. Also, serum P4 concentration was determined weekly throughout 28 days post-mating. Results showed that neither total number of follicles nor their populations were changed on Day 0 or 7 days post-mating by the GnRH treatment. GnRH treatment on Day 0 or Day 7 post-mating or both days did not enhance ovulation rate compared with the control. The mean numbers of accessory CL increased (P < 0.05) in the GnRH7 group than those in the control and GnRH0 groups, whereas it was intermediate in the GnRH0+7 group. The greatest (P < 0.05) overall mean of serum P4 concentration was for the GnRH7 and GnRH0+7 groups, followed by the GnRH0 and control groups. Serum P4 concentration increased (P < 0.05) on Day 14 post-mating and continued higher (P < 0.05) until Day 28 post-mating in the GnRH7 and GnRH0+7 groups compared with the control. Regardless of the time of GnRH administration, GnRH treatment reduced (P < 0.05) pregnancy loss from Day 40 post-mating to parturition and tended to enhance (P < 0.20) lambing rate compared with the control. In conclusion, a single dose of GnRH at the time of estrus or 7 days post-mating could be used as an effective protocol to decrease pregnancy loss from Day 40 after mating to parturition in low-prolific Rahmani ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Hashem
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - K M El-Azrak
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A N M Nour El-Din
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - T A Taha
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M H Salem
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Anti-Müllerian hormone concentration in sheep and its dependence of age and independence of BMP15 genotype: An endocrine predictor to select the best donors for embryo biotechnologies. Theriogenology 2014; 81:347-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Juengel JL, Davis GH, McNatty KP. Using sheep lines with mutations in single genes to better understand ovarian function. Reproduction 2013; 146:R111-23. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Livestock populations have been subjected to strong selection pressure to improve reproductive success, and this has led to the identification of lines of animals with increased fecundity. These animals provide a rich biological resource for discovery of genes and regulatory mechanisms that underpin improved reproductive success. To date, three genes, all related to the transforming growth factor β pathway, have been identified as having mutations that lead to alterations in ovulation in sheep. In addition, several other sheep lines have been identified with putative mutations in single genes with major effects on ovulation rate. This review is focused on the identification of the mutations affecting ovulation rate and how these discoveries have provided new insights into control of ovarian function.
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Lahoz B, Alabart JL, Folch J, Sánchez P, Echegoyen E, Cocero MJ. Influence of theFecXRAllele in Heterozygous Ewes on Follicular Population and Outcomes of IVP and ET using LOPU-Derived Oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48:717-23. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Lahoz
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón; Zaragoza; Spain
| | - JL Alabart
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón; Zaragoza; Spain
| | - J Folch
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón; Zaragoza; Spain
| | - P Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón; Zaragoza; Spain
| | - E Echegoyen
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA) de Aragón; Zaragoza; Spain
| | - MJ Cocero
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA); Madrid; Spain
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Roche A, Ripoll G, Joy M, Folch J, Panea B, Calvo J, Alabart J. Effects of the FecXR allele of BMP15 gene on the birth weight, growth rate and carcass quality of Rasa Aragonesa light lambs. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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