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Development and implementation of a training dataset to ensure clear boundary value of body condition score classification of dairy cows in automatic system. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yu H, Zhao Y, Iqbal A, Xia L, Bai Z, Sun H, Fang X, Yang R, Zhao Z. Effects of polymorphism of the GPAM gene on milk quality traits and its relation to triglyceride metabolism in bovine mammary epithelial cells of dairy cattle. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:35-44. [PMID: 34084902 PMCID: PMC8161264 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-35-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase
(GPAM) catalyses the initial and rate-regulated first-stage pathway of glycerol
lipid synthesis and helps to allocate acyl-CoA (acyl-coenzyme A) to triglyceride (TG)
synthesis and away from degradation pathways in animal lipometabolism-related pathways. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) and GPAM gene overexpression were used to
examine the correlation between the expression of GPAM and adipogenesis in bovine
mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). Additionally, three novel polymorphisms
were identified within the bovine key functional domain of GPAM with Sanger
sequencing. The relationship between variants of the GPAM gene and milk quality
traits of Chinese Holstein cows was then analysed using statistical methods.
The results showed that knockdown of the GPAM gene significantly reduced the synthesis of
triglycerides in the bMECs (p < 0.05), whereas the overexpression
of the GPAM gene significantly increased the synthesis of TG (p < 0.05). In Chinese Holstein
dairy cattle, the
polymorphic locus of the GPAM gene E20-3386G > A was significantly
correlated with fat, protein and somatic cell count
(p < 0.05); I18-652A > G was significantly correlated with fat, total fat
content, protein, dry matter and somatic cell count (p < 0.05); and I18-726A > G was significantly correlated with protein,
milk yield, dry matter and somatic cell count (p < 0.05). Specifically, individuals with the AA genotype of the
I18-652A > G and E20-3386G > A polymorphic loci had a
higher milk fat percentage (p < 0.05). In summary, GPAM plays a pivotal role in the
intracellular regulation of triglyceride, and its mutations could work as
a competent molecular marker for selective breeding in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Yaolu Zhao
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ambreen Iqbal
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, PR China
| | - Lixin Xia
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zitong Bai
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Xibi Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Runjun Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.,College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, PR China
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Sakamoto LS, Berndt A, Pedroso ADF, Lemes AP, Azenha MV, Alves TC, Rodrigues PHM, Corte RR, Leme PR, Oliveira PPA. Pasture intensification in beef cattle production can affect methane emission intensity. J Anim Sci 2021; 98:5905786. [PMID: 32930330 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from anthropogenic activities have contributed to global warming and consequently to climate change. Among all sources of emissions, the agricultural sector accounts for just under a quarter, mainly because of the intensification of food production systems necessary to supply the growing demand of the population. As ruminal fermentation is the largest source of methane emission in the livestock industry, emission by cattle has become the focus of studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate enteric methane emission and emission intensities of Nellore cattle at different ages submitted to levels of intensification of the grazing system. Twenty-four animals per cycle (age of 21.8 and 13.1 mo in cycles 1 and 2, respectively) were randomly distributed across different grazing systems: irrigated pasture with a high stocking rate (IHS), dryland pasture with a high stocking rate (DHS), recovering dryland pasture with a moderate stocking rate (DMS), and degraded pasture with a low stocking rate (DP). Methane emission was measured using the sulfur hexafluoride technique in each season of the cycle. Intensive systems provided higher yields of good-quality forage as well as superior animal performance when compared with DP. Methane yields were different between seasons and cycles. Methane emissions per average daily weight gain and dry matter digestible intake were different between treatments. Differences in the results were observed when they were analyzed per hectare, with the highest gain yield (P = 0.0134), stocking rate, weight gain, carcass production, and total methane emission (P < 0.0001) being found for the intensive systems. There were no differences in emissions per weight gain or carcass production between production systems, while a difference was observed between cycles (P = 0.0189 and P = 0.0255, respectively), resulting in lower emission intensities for younger animals. We conclude that more intensive systems resulted in a higher kilograms production of carcass per hectare; however, animals at 19 mo of age raised in the IHS and DMS systems had a lower emission intensity in kilogram of CO2-eq. per kilogram of carcass. Moderate intensification (DMS) using animals at about 19 mo of age might be an effective strategy to mitigate GHG emissions from Brazilian tropical pastures. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between increasing productivity and decreasing environmental impacts, especially methane emission from ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro S Sakamoto
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda P Lemes
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Teresa C Alves
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo H M Rodrigues
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosana R Corte
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Leme
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia P A Oliveira
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yu H, Zhao Z, Yu X, Li J, Lu C, Yang R. Bovine lipid metabolism related gene GPAM: Molecular characterization, function identification, and association analysis with fat deposition traits. Gene 2017; 609:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fidelis HA, Bonilha SFM, Tedeschi LO, Branco RH, Cyrillo JNSG, Mercadante MEZ. Residual feed intake, carcass traits and meat quality in Nellore cattle. Meat Sci 2017; 128:34-39. [PMID: 28189991 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A total of 127 Nellore bulls classified as low and high residual feed intake (RFI), from three selection lines, were evaluated in five experiments aiming to identify associations between RFI, carcass, and meat quality traits. Feedlot performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of Longissimus muscle were evaluated. A mixed model including the fixed effects of RFI class, selection line, interaction between RFI class and selection line, and age at slaughter as a covariate, and the random effects of diet within experiment and experiment was used, with means compared by the t-test. Feed intake average difference was 0.962kg/day; low RFI animals consumed 0.479kg/day less feed and high RFI animals consumed 0.483kg/day more feed than expected. No differences between RFI classes were detected for most of studied variables, demonstrating the absence of unfavorable associations between RFI and carcass and meat quality traits. Low RFI Nellore animals use feed efficiently and produce good quality carcasses and meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Fidelis
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP 14.160-970, Brazil
| | - S F M Bonilha
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP 14.160-970, Brazil.
| | - L O Tedeschi
- Texas A&M University, Department of Animal Science, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - R H Branco
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP 14.160-970, Brazil
| | - J N S G Cyrillo
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP 14.160-970, Brazil
| | - M E Z Mercadante
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP 14.160-970, Brazil
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Ceacero TM, Mercadante MEZ, Cyrillo JNDSG, Canesin RC, Bonilha SFM, de Albuquerque LG. Phenotypic and Genetic Correlations of Feed Efficiency Traits with Growth and Carcass Traits in Nellore Cattle Selected for Postweaning Weight. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161366. [PMID: 27537268 PMCID: PMC4990259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated phenotypic (rph) and genetic correlations (rg) between 8 feed efficiency traits and other traits of economic interest including weight at selection (WS), loin-eye area (LEA), backfat thickness (BF), and rump fat thickness (RF) in Nellore cattle. Feed efficiency traits were gain:feed, residual feed intake (RFI), residual feed intake adjusted for backfat thickness (RFIb) and for backfat and rump fat thickness (RFIsf), residual body weight gain (RG), residual intake and body weight gain (RIG), and residual intake and body weight gain using RFIb (RIGb) and RFIsf (RIGsf). The variance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method using a two-trait animal model. The heritability estimates (h2) were 0.14, 0.24, 0.20, 0.22, 0.19, 0.15, 0.11 and 0.11 for gain:feed, RFI, RFIb, RFIsf, RG, RIG, RIGb and RIGsf, respectively. All rph values between traits were close to zero, except for the correlation of feed efficiency traits with dry matter intake and average daily gain. High rg values were observed for the correlation of dry matter intake, average daily gain and metabolic weight with WS and hip height (>0.61) and low to medium values (0.15 to 0.48) with the carcass traits (LEA, BF, RF). Among the feed efficiency traits, RG showed the highest rg with WS and hip height (0.34 and 0.25) and the lowest rg with subcutaneous fat thickness (-0.17 to 0.18). The rg values of RFI, RFIb and RFIsf with WS (0.17, 0.23 and 0.22), BF (0.37, 0.33 and 0.33) and RF (0.30, 0.31 and 0.32) were unfavorable. The rg values of gain:feed, RIG, RIGb and RIGsf with WS were low and favorable (0.07 to 0.22), while medium and unfavorable (-0.22 to -0.45) correlations were observed with fat thickness. The inclusion of subcutaneous fat thickness in the models used to calculate RFI did not reduce the rg between these traits. Selecting animals for higher feed efficiency will result in little or no genetic change in growth and will decrease subcutaneous fat thickness in the carcass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Matos Ceacero
- Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Instituto de Zootecnia, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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