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Ziecik AJ, Drzewiecka K, Gromadzka-Hliwa K, Klos J, Witek P, Knapczyk-Stwora K, Gajewski Z, Kaczmarek MM. Altrenogest affects the development and endocrine milieu of ovarian follicles in prepubertal and mature gilts†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:1069-1084. [PMID: 32744329 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Altrenogest with gonadotropins is commonly used to synchronize the estrous cycle, but it can also lead to follicular cyst formation, especially in prepubertal gilts. Here, we aimed to investigate how maturity and altrenogest treatment affect the development, endocrine milieu, and molecular control of ovarian follicles. Crossbred prepubertal and mature gilts were challenged or not (control) with altrenogest, and ovaries were collected in the morning on the first day of behavioral estrus. In prepubertal gilts, altrenogest decreased the percentage of primordial and atretic small follicles, but increased large antral follicles when compared with controls. In mature gilts, altrenogest reduced the percentage of primary follicles and elevated the total number of antral follicles. Maturity affected the estradiol level in the follicular fluid of preovulatory follicles, luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation, and LH receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in granulosa. Moreover, cytochrome P45017A1 (CYP17A1) mRNA levels in the theca layer were affected and correlated with follicular androstendione and estradiol concentration. Altrenogest negatively affected follicular fluid progesterone concentration and decreased levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 in prepubertal gilts and PGF2alpha metabolite in mature gilts. LH-stimulated cAMP release in granulosa cells of mature gilts as well as human chorionic gonadotropin- and forskolin-induced cAMP were also affected. In addition, altrenogest downregulated CYP17A1 mRNA in the prepubertal theca layer and PGF2alpha synthase expression in the granulosa and theca layer of mature gilts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report multiple effects of maturity and altrenogest on the endocrine milieu and molecular regulations governing ovarian follicle development in gilts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Ziecik
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Klaudia Drzewiecka
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gromadzka-Hliwa
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Klos
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Patrycja Witek
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Knapczyk-Stwora
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zdzislaw Gajewski
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika M Kaczmarek
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Godfrey RW, Collins JR, Hensley EL. Behavioral and endocrine responses of hair sheep ewes exposed to different mating stimuli around estrus. Theriogenology 2001; 55:877-84. [PMID: 11291911 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(01)00450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hair sheep ewes were used to evaluate the influence of various levels of mating stimuli on the duration and timing of estrus and LH concentrations around estrus. Ewes were treated with PGF2alpha (15 mg, im) 10 d apart. At the time of the second PGF2alpha treatment (Day 0) ewes were placed in groups and exposed to different types of mating stimuli. One group of ewes (n = 16) was exposed to an epididymectomized ram (RAM), a second group of ewes (n = 16) was exposed to an epididymectomized ram wearing an apron to prevent intromission (APRON) and a third group of ewes (n = 17) was exposed to an androgenized ovariectomized ewe (T-EWE). Jugular blood samples were collected from ewes at 6-h intervals through Day 5. Plasma was harvested and LH concentration was determined by RIA. The ewes were observed at 6-h intervals to detect estrus. A ewe was considered to be out of estrus when she no longer stood to be mounted by the teaser animal. There was no difference (P > 0.10) in the proportion of ewes expressing estrus (79.6%) or having an LH surge (85.7%) among the treatments. Neither the time to estrus nor the duration of estrus were different (P > 0.10) among APRON, RAM or T-EWE groups (41.6+/-3.8 vs 43.6+/-3.6 vs 46.1+/-3.6 h, respectively, and 26.5+/-2.2 vs 24.8+/-2.3 vs 30.5+/-2.2 h, respectively). The time to LH surge was similar (P > 0.10) among APRON, RAM and T-EWE groups (51.2+/-4.5 vs 51.2+/-4.7 vs 52.7+/-4.5 h, respectively). The magnitude of the LH surge was similar (P > 0.10) in the T-EWE, APRON and RAM ewes (99.7+/-4.9 vs 87.2+/-4.9 vs 85.8+/-5.0 ng/mL, respectively). The time from estrus to the LH surge was not different (P > 0.10) among APRON, RAM or T-EWE ewes (10.1+/-2.2 vs 9.8+/-2.3 vs 11.6+/-2.3 h, respectively). These results show that the expression and duration of estrus are not influenced by different types of mating stimuli in hair sheep ewes. In addition, the timing and the magnitude of LH release does not appear to be influenced by mating stimuli around the time of estrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Godfrey
- University of the Virgin Islands, Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, USA.
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Jöchle W. Letter to the Editor. Reprod Domest Anim 1997. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1997.tb01304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Soede NM, Hazeleger W, van der Lende T. Effect of insemination conditions on reproductive performance during early pregnancy of gilts kept under different social conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(90)90047-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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