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Alaoui N, El Alaoui MA, Touil N, El Annaz H, Melloul M, Tagajdid R, Hjira N, Boui M, El Fahime EM, Mrani S. Prevalence of resistance to integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) among untreated HIV-1 infected patients in Morocco. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:369. [PMID: 29884219 PMCID: PMC5994051 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are an important class in the arsenal of antiretroviral drugs designed to block the integration of HIV-1 cDNA into the host DNA through the inhibition of DNA strand transfer. In this study for the first time in Morocco, the complete HIV-1 integrase gene was analysed from newly diagnosed patients to evaluate the prevalence of natural polymorphisms and INSTIs resistance-associated mutations in the integrase gene. Results The 864pb IN coding region was successfully sequenced from plasma sample for 77 among 80 antiretroviral naïve patients. The sequences were interpreted for drug resistance according to the Stanford algorithm. Sixty samples were HIV-1 subtype B (78%), fourteen CRF02_AG (18%), two subtype C and one subtype A. Overall 81 of 288 (28%) amino acid IN positions presented at least one polymorphism each. We found 18 (36.73%), 42 (25.76%) and 21 (27.27%) of polymorphic residues assigned to the N-Terminal Domain, Catalytic Core Domaine and the C-Terminal Domain positions respectively. Primary INSTIs resistance mutation were absent, however secondary mutations L74IM, T97A were detected in four samples (5.2%). These results demonstrate that untreated HIV-1 infected Moroccans will be susceptible to INSTIs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3492-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa Alaoui
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Moulay Abdelaziz El Alaoui
- Functional Genomic Platform, UATRS, Center for Scientific and Technical Research [CNRST], 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Touil
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham El Annaz
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marouane Melloul
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohammed Premier, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Reda Tagajdid
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoufal Hjira
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Boui
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - El Mostapha El Fahime
- Functional Genomic Platform, UATRS, Center for Scientific and Technical Research [CNRST], 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saad Mrani
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Av. Mohamed Belarbi El Alaoui, 6203, Rabat, Morocco
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El Annaz H, Recordon-Pinson P, Tagajdid R, Doblali T, Belefquih B, Oumakhir S, Sedrati O, Mrani S, Fleury H. Drug resistance mutations in HIV type 1 isolates from patients failing antiretroviral therapy in Morocco. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2012; 28:944-8. [PMID: 21919803 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2011.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of viral-resistant strains is a major problem for the medical management of HIV-infected individuals. The aim of this study was to characterize viral subtypes and drug-resistance mutations (DRMs) in HIV-1 isolates from patients failing antiretroviral therapy (ART). A total of 45 HIV-1-infected patients failing ART were enrolled. The viral RT and Prot genes were amplified and sequenced to determine subtypes and potential DRMs. The subtype distribution was 74% subtype B, 11% subtype A, 9% CRF02-AG, 4% subtype G, and 2% subtype C. Virus samples from 34% of the patients had no DRM while 53%, 27%, and 2% of samples carried at least one DRM conferring resistance to drugs of one, two, or three classes, respectively. DRMs were observed in 50% of the patients infected with non-B strains. The prevalence of nucleoside transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations was 48%, M184V being largely predominant. The prevalence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations was 13%, with K103N present in 57% of samples from NNRTIs-exposed patients. The prevalence of protease inhibitor (PI) mutations was 22%, with major mutations V82A and M46I seen in 16% and 11% of viruses from PI-exposed individuals, respectively. Our study shows the emergence of DRMs in HIV-1 isolates from Moroccan patients failing ART. Although not surprising, the data plead for longitudinal surveys of the dynamics of emergence of DRMs (with a focus on multidrug resistance) in treated patients and circulation of resistant HIV-1 strains in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham El Annaz
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Patricia Recordon-Pinson
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CNRS UMR5234, WHO Accredited (HIV Resistance), Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rida Tagajdid
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Toufik Doblali
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Belefquih
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Siham Oumakhir
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Omar Sedrati
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saad Mrani
- Université Mohammed V Souissi, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hervé Fleury
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CNRS UMR5234, WHO Accredited (HIV Resistance), Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France
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Annaz HE, Recordon-Pinson P, Baba N, Sedrati O, Mrani S, Fleury H. Presence of drug resistance mutations among drug-naive patients in Morocco. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011; 27:917-20. [PMID: 21087198 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine viral subtypes and resistance mutations to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive patients from Rabat, Morocco during the period 2005-2009. The protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were sequenced, the phylogenetic trees were inferred, and the resistance-associated mutations to NRTIs, NNRTIs, and PIs were recorded according to the international list of surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRMs). The viral subtypes were subtype B (74%), CRF02_AG (15%), A1 (6%), C (2%), F1 (1%), CRF09 (1%), and CRF25_cpx (1%). The presence of DRMs was found in four (5.06%) of 91 patients; resistance mutations to NRTIs were M184V and T215I/S revertant mutations; resistance to NNRTIs was associated with K103N and resistance to PIs with V82A. These findings have relevant implications for the local molecular mapping of HIV-1 and future ART surveillance studies in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham El Annaz
- Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Morocco
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