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Sharma A, Chhipa AS, Verma S, Parikh P, Patel S. Olsalazine pretreatment augments chemosensitivity of gemcitabine in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23737. [PMID: 38798245 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Recently, olsalazine a DNA hypomethylating agent was found to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of olsalazine pretreatment in the potentiation of chemosensitivity of gemcitabine for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In silico molecular docking was performed to analyze the interaction of olsalazine and gemcitabine with DNMT1 and DNA, respectively, using the AutoDock tools 1.5.6. Cytotoxicity of olsalazine, gemcitabine, and combination were measured on human HePG2 cells using MTT assay. Antiproliferative effects were assessed using animal model of N-nitrosodiethylamine and carbon tetrachloride-induced HCC. Treatment was initiated from 8th week of induction to 11th week and change in body weight, liver weight, and survival rate were measured. Following treatment, blood samples were collected for estimation serum biochemistry. Blood serum was used for the estimation of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein [CRP], lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and P53 levels. Oxidative stress markers were measured in liver tissue homogenates. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed on liver sections to detect the morphological changes and P53 expression. Docking analysis revealed the interactions between olsalazine and DNMT1 with a binding energy score of -5.34 and gemcitabine and DNA with a binding energy score of -5.93. Olsalazine pretreatment potentiated the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine in cell line study. In the group receiving olsalazine pretreatment showed significant reductions in relative liver weight and improved survival rate of gemcitabine treatment group. Serum biochemical markers: serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin revealed improved liver functions. Olsalazine pretreatment also reduced the levels of inflammatory markers like CRP, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6 and oxidative stress markers dose dependently. Histopathology and IHC showed improved liver morphology with potentiated the induction of P53 upon olsalazine pretreatment in combination with gemcitabine. In conclusion, sequential combination of olsalazine and gemcitabine improved the treatment outcomes during the progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Abu Sufiyan Chhipa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Srashti Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Snehal Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Jedlowski PM, DuPont JP. Multiple myeloma, haematologic malignancy and immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory medications are associated with sebaceous carcinoma, a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:937-944. [PMID: 38071595 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare skin cancer with significant associated morbidity and mortality. A known association exists between immunosuppression, in particular solid organ transplant patients (SOTR), and SC. However, the comparative reporting odds ratios (ROR) of different immunosuppressive medications and SC are incompletely defined. OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between SC and medication exposure in the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS). METHODS Case-control analyses were performed in FAERS from 1968 to 2021 to examine the reporting odds ratios (ROR) for SC. RESULTS A total of 58 medication-associated SC cases were identified. Immunosuppressant medication exposure was noted in 81% cases, with 20% total cases occurring in SOTR. Medications affecting the TNF- α -IL-1-IL-2-IL-6 inflammatory axis were associated with elevated ROR for SC, including thalidomide (ROR 22.63, 95% CI 5.52-92.72), lenalidomide (ROR 10.86, 95% CI 4.93-23.94), cyclosporine, tacrolimus, tocilizumab, tofacitinib and ruxolitinib. Thirty per cent of cases of SC occurred with an associated haematologic malignancy or dyscrasia, including chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. CONCLUSIONS SC is associated with exposure to immunosuppressive medications, especially in SOTR patients. A significant portion of cases with SC had an associated haematology malignancy, in particular multiple myeloma with exposure to lenalidomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Jedlowski
- Division of Dermatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jason P DuPont
- Division of Dermatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Januszewski J, Forma A, Zembala J, Flieger M, Tyczyńska M, Dring JC, Dudek I, Świątek K, Baj J. Nutritional Supplements for Skin Health-A Review of What Should Be Chosen and Why. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:68. [PMID: 38256329 PMCID: PMC10820017 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Supplementation of micronutrients is considered to be crucial in the reinforcement of the skin's barrier. In this paper, 14 nutritional compounds commonly used in food or pharmaceutic industries were analyzed in terms of influencing skin conditions. The major objective of this paper was to provide a narrative review of the available literature regarding several chosen compounds that are currently widely recommended as supplements that aim to maintain proper and healthy skin conditions. We conducted a review of the literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until September 2023 without any other restrictions regarding the year of the publication. Ultimately, we reviewed 238 articles, including them in this review. Each of the reviewed compounds, including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, curcumin, chlorella, Omega-3, biotin,Ppolypodium leucotomos, Simmondsia chinesis, gamma oryzanol, olive leaf extract, spirulina, and astaxanthin, was observed to present some possible effects with promising benefits for a skin condition, i.e., photoprotective radiation. Adding them to the diet or daily routine might have a positive influence on some skin inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. Further, UV radiation protection facilitated by some supplements and their impact on human cells might be helpful during chemotherapy or in preventing melanoma development. Further research is needed because of the lack of clear consensus regarding the doses of the described compounds that could provide desirable effects on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Januszewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (M.T.); (J.C.D.); (K.Ś.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (I.D.)
| | - Julita Zembala
- University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michał Flieger
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (I.D.)
| | - Magdalena Tyczyńska
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (M.T.); (J.C.D.); (K.Ś.)
| | - James Curtis Dring
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (M.T.); (J.C.D.); (K.Ś.)
| | - Iga Dudek
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (I.D.)
| | - Kamila Świątek
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (M.T.); (J.C.D.); (K.Ś.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (M.T.); (J.C.D.); (K.Ś.)
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Zhong QY, Luo QH, Lin B, Lin BQ, Su ZR, Zhan JYX. Protective effects of andrographolide sodium bisulfate on UV-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice model. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 176:106232. [PMID: 35710077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although the mortality of skin cancer patients is relatively low, there are still a large number of patients died of these tumors at high incidence rate. Chronic exposure to solar UV irradiation is the most common cause of nonmelanoma skin tumors. Our research aimed to explore the effects of andrographolide sodium bisulfate (ASB) on UV-induced skin cancer and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. In the present study, histopathology changes, immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA analysis and western blot analysis were mainly used in vivo. The results indicated that ASB significantly inhibited increase of skin epidermal thickness, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibers damage in dermis, oxidative stress injury and skin carcinogenesis. Moreover, the western blot analysis showed that protein expressions of NF-κB, Nrf2, p62, LC3 II/I and p-p62 (Ser 349) in mouse skin induced by UV were dramatically suppressed in the ASB-pretreated groups. Overall, these results suggested that ASB exerted a strong preventive effect and potential therapeutic value against UV-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice through inhibiting NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways and restoring autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yuan Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qi-Hong Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bing Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bao-Qin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 223 Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Krueger A, Zaugg J, Chisholm S, Linedale R, Lachner N, Teoh SM, Tuong ZK, Lukowski SW, Morrison M, Soyer HP, Hugenholtz P, Hill MM, Frazer IH. Secreted Toxins From Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Keratinocyte Skin Cancers Mediate Pro-tumorigenic Inflammatory Responses in the Skin. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:789042. [PMID: 35145494 PMCID: PMC8822148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.789042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common type of skin cancer that typically arises from premalignant precursor lesions named actinic keratoses (AK). Chronic inflammation is a well-known promoter of skin cancer progression. AK and SCC have been associated with an overabundance of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Certain secreted products from S. aureus are known to promote cutaneous pro-inflammatory responses; however, not all S. aureus strains produce these. As inflammation plays a key role in SCC development, we investigated the pro-inflammatory potential and toxin secretion profiles of skin-cancer associated S. aureus. Sterile culture supernatants (“secretomes”) of S. aureus clinical strains isolated from AK and SCC were applied to human keratinocytes in vitro. Some S. aureus secretomes induced keratinocytes to overexpress inflammatory mediators that have been linked to skin carcinogenesis, including IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα. A large phenotypic variation between the tested clinical strains was observed. Strains that are highly pro-inflammatory in vitro also caused more pronounced skin inflammation in mice. Proteomic characterization of S. aureus secretomes using mass spectrometry established that specific S. aureus enzymes and cytolytic toxins, including hemolysins, phenol-soluble modulins, and serine proteases, as well as currently uncharacterized proteins, correlate with the pro-inflammatory S. aureus phenotype. This study is the first to describe the toxin secretion profiles of AK and SCC-associated S. aureus, and their potential to induce a pro-inflammatory environment in the skin. Further studies are needed to establish whether these S. aureus products promote SCC development by mediating chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Krueger
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Julian Zaugg
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah Chisholm
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Linedale
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy Lachner
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Siok Min Teoh
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Zewen K. Tuong
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel W. Lukowski
- The Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - H. Peter Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Michelle M. Hill
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian H. Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ian H. Frazer,
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