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Jin W, Wu L, Hu L, Fu Y, Fan Z, Mou Y, Ma K. Multi-omics approaches identify novel prognostic biomarkers of autophagy in uveal melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16691-16703. [PMID: 37725244 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Uveal melanoma (UVM) is a rare yet malignant ocular tumor that metastases in approximately half of all patients, with the majority of those developing metastasis typically succumbing to the disease within a year. Hitherto, no effective treatment for UVM has been identified. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that has been suggested as an emerging regulatory process for cancer-targeted therapy. Thus, identifying novel prognostic biomarkers of autophagy may help improve future treatment. METHODS Consensus clustering and similarity network fusion approaches were performed for classifying UVM patient subgroups. Weighted correlation network analysis was performed for gene module screening and network construction. Gene set variation analysis was used to evaluate the autophagy activity of the UVM subgroups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves (Log-rank test) were performed to analyze patient prognosis. Gene set cancer analysis was used to estimate the level of immune cell infiltration. RESULTS In this study, we employed multi-omics approaches to classify UVM patient subgroups by molecular and clinical characteristics, ultimately identifying HTR2B, EEF1A2, FEZ1, GRID1, HAP1, and SPHK1 as potential prognostic biomarkers of autophagy in UVM. High expression levels of these markers were associated with poorer patient prognosis and led to reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) that promotes tumor progression. CONCLUSION We identified six novel potential prognostic biomarkers in UVM, all of which are associated with autophagy and TME. These findings will shed new light on UVM therapy with inhibitors targeting these biomarkers expected to regulate autophagy and reshape the TME, significantly improving UVM treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lifeng Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Mou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Tabotta F, Gnesin S, Dunet V, Ponti A, Digklia A, Boughdad S, Schaefer N, Prior JO, Villard N, Tsoumakidou G, Denys A, Duran R. 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin SPECT/CT predictive dosimetry and dose-response relationship in uveal melanoma liver metastases treated with first-line selective internal radiation therapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13118. [PMID: 37573346 PMCID: PMC10423257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
First-line selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) showed promising outcomes in patients with uveal melanoma liver metastases (UMLM). Patient survival depends on liver's disease control. SIRT planning is essential and little is known about dosimetry. We investigated whether 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT dosimetry could predict absorbed doses (AD) evaluated on 90Y-PET/CT and assess the dose-response relationship in UMLM patients treated with first-line SIRT. This IRB-approved, single-center, retrospective analysis (prospectively collected cohort) included 12 patients (median age 63y, range 43-82). Patients underwent MRI/CT, 18F-FDG-PET/CT before and 3-6 months post-SIRT, and 90Y-PET/CT immediately post-SIRT. Thirty-two target lesions were included. AD estimates in tumor and non-tumor liver were obtained from 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT and post-SIRT 90Y-PET/CT, and assessed with Lin's concordance correlation coefficients (ρc and Cb), Pearson's coefficient correlation (ρ), and Bland-Altman analyses (mean difference ± standard deviation; 95% limits-of-agreement (LOA)). Influence of tumor characteristics and microsphere type on AD was analyzed. Tumor response was assessed according to size-based, enhancement-based and metabolic response criteria. Mean target lesion AD was 349 Gy (range 46-1586 Gy). Concordance between 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT and 90Y-PET/CT tumor dosimetry improved upon dose correction for the recovery coefficient (RC) (ρ = 0.725, ρc = 0.703, Cb = 0.969) with good agreement (mean difference: - 4.93 ± 218.3 Gy, 95%LOA: - 432.8-422.9). Without RC correction, concordance was better for resin microspheres (ρ = 0.85, ρc = 0.998, Cb = 0.849) and agreement was very good between predictive 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT and 90Y-PET/CT dosimetry (mean difference: - 4.05 ± 55.9 Gy; 95%LOA: - 113.7-105.6). After RC correction, 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT dosimetry overestimated AD (- 70.9 ± 158.9 Gy; 95%LOA: - 382.3-240.6). For glass microspheres, concordance markedly improved with RC correction (ρ = 0.790, ρc = 0.713, Cb = 0.903 vs without correction: ρ = 0.395, ρc = 0.244, Cb = 0.617) and 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT dosimetry underestimated AD (148.9 ± 267.5 Gy; 95%LOA: - 375.4-673.2). For non-tumor liver, concordance was good between 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT and 90Y-PET/CT dosimetry (ρ = 0.942, ρc = 0.852, Cb = 0.904). 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT slightly overestimated liver AD for resin (3.4 ± 3.4 Gy) and glass (11.5 ± 13.9 Gy) microspheres. Tumor AD was not correlated with baseline or post-SIRT lesion characteristics and no dose-response threshold could be identified. 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT dosimetry provides good estimates of AD to tumor and non-tumor liver in UMLM patients treated with first-line SIRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavian Tabotta
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvano Gnesin
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Dunet
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Ponti
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Digklia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Boughdad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Schaefer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John O Prior
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Villard
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Tsoumakidou
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alban Denys
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Duran
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Zhang C, Xiao J, Fa L, Jiang F, Jiang H, Zhou L, Xu Z. Identification of co-expressed gene networks promoting CD8 + T cell infiltration and having prognostic value in uveal melanoma. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:354. [PMID: 37563735 PMCID: PMC10416479 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Current immunotherapies are unsatisfactory against uveal melanoma (UM); however, elevated CD8+ T cell infiltration level indicates poor prognosis in UM. Here, we aimed to identify co-expressed gene networks promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration in UM and created a prognostic hazard model based on the identified hub genes. Raw data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Stromal-immune comprehensive score (ESTIMATE) was used to evaluate the immune-infiltration landscape of the tumor microenvironment. Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) were used to quantify CD8+ T cell infiltration level and identify hub genes. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to analyze the biological processes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were used to establish a prognostic model, which was further validated. Finally, pan-cancer analysis evaluated these genes to be associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in other tumors. In conclusion, the proposed four-gene (PTPN12, IDH2, P2RX4, and KDELR2) prognostic hazard model had satisfactory prognostic ability. These hub genes may promote CD8+ T cell infiltration in UM through antigen presentation, and CD8+ T cell possibly function as Treg, resulting in poor prognosis. These findings might facilitate the development of novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Luzhong Fa
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanwen Jiang
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuping Xu
- Department of ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Estler A, Artzner C, Bitzer M, Nikolaou K, Hoffmann R, Hepp T, Hagen F, Eigentler T, Forschner A, Grözinger G. Efficacy and tolerability of chemosaturation in patients with hepatic metastases from uveal melanoma. Acta Radiol 2022; 63:577-585. [PMID: 34034537 DOI: 10.1177/02841851211019808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hepatic metastatic uveal melanoma still have a poor outcome. PURPOSE To evaluate overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and response predictors in these patients treated with chemosaturation by percutaneous hepatic perfusion with melphalan (CS-PHP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Between June 2015 and March 2020, a total of 29 patients (median age 69.7 years; age range 30-81 years; 60% women; median BMI 25.7 kg/m2; range 18.7-35.3kg/m2; 1-6 procedures per patient) were treated with 53 CS-PHPs. All patients received cross-sectional imaging for initial and follow-up examinations. Baseline tumor load, extrahepatic tumor load, tumor response, PFS, and OS were assessed. Non-parametric statistics were used. RESULTS After the initial CS-PHP, a partial response was observed in 11 patients (41%), stable disease in 12 patients (44%) and progressive disease in 4 patients (15%); two patients died before the response was evaluated. After initial CS-PHP, median OS was 12.9 ± 7.4 months and median PFS was 7.1 ± 7.4 months. OS after one year was 50%. After the second CS-PHP, median PFS was 7.9 ± 5.7 months. Seven patients had a liver tumor burden >25%, associated with a significantly shorter OS (6.0 ± 2.4 vs. 14.1 ± 12.7 months; P = 0.008). At the time of first CS-PHP, 41% (12/29) of the patients had extrahepatic metastases that did not affect OS (11.1 ± 8.4 months vs. 12.9 ± 13.6 months; P = 0.66). CONCLUSION CS-PHP is a safe and effective treatment for the hepatic metastatic uveal melanoma, especially for patients with a hepatic tumor burden <25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Estler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Artzner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bitzer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hoffmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Hepp
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Hagen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Grözinger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Lv X, Ding M, Liu Y. Landscape of Infiltrated Immune Cell Characterization in Uveal Melanoma to Improve Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:848455. [PMID: 35309331 PMCID: PMC8924368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies indicated that tumor-infiltrated immune cells (TIC) in the microenvironment are substantially linked to immunotherapy response and cancer prognosis. However, systematic studies of infiltrated immune cell characterization in uveal melanoma (UM) for prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade therapy are lacking. Methods UM datasets were extracted from open access resources (TCGA and GEO databases). The tumor-infiltrated immune cells in the microenvironment were decoded by using the CIBERSORT algorithm, which was further applied to classify UM patients into subgroups using an unsupervised clustering method. The Boruta algorithm and principal component analysis were used to calculate the TIC scores for UM patients. Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to prove the prognostic value of TIC scores. Besides, the correlations of the TIC score with clinical features, mutated characteristics, and the immune therapeutic response were subsequently investigated. Results As a result, we defined three subtypes among 171 UM patients according to the TIC profiles and then calculated the TIC score to characterize the immune patterns for all patients. We discovered that high-TIC score patients with low BAP1 and high EIF1AX mutations have a better prognosis than low-TIC score patients. Activation of immune inflammatory response and increase in immune checkpoint-related genes in high-TIC score patients may account for good prognosis and immunotherapy response. Three melanoma cohorts received immunotherapy, proving that high-TIC score patients have substantial clinical and immune therapeutic improvements. Besides, several potential therapeutic agents were identified in the low-TIC score group. Conclusion Our study afforded a comprehensive view of infiltrated immune cell characterization to elucidate different immune patterns of UM. We also established a robust TIC-score signature, which may work as a prognostic biomarker and immune therapeutic predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Min Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Safety and Efficacy of Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab and Sequential Selective Internal Radiation Therapy in Hepatic and Extrahepatic Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051162. [PMID: 35267470 PMCID: PMC8909598 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite recent progress on the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM), prognosis remains dismal for the majority of patients. Directed liver therapies including selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) have been the pillar of hepatic metastases management. Independently, immune checkpoint blockade by combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab has demonstrated a median survival slightly superior to 1 year. However, the benefit of sequential ipilimumab plus nivolumab immunotherapy and SIRT has not been elucidated. Abstract To assess the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab plus nivolumab around selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM). We present a retrospective, single center study of 32 patients with mUM divided into two groups based on the treatment received between April 2013 and April 2021. The SIRT_IpiNivo cohort was treated with Yttrium-90 microspheres and ipilimumab plus nivolumab before or after the SIRT (n = 18). The SIRT cohort underwent SIRT but did not receive combined immunotherapy with ipilimumab plus nivolumab (n = 14). Twelve patients (66.7%) of the SIRT_IpiNivo arm received SIRT as first-line treatment and six patients (33.3%) received ipilimumab plus nivolumab prior to SIRT. In the SIRT group, seven patients (50.0%) received single-agent immunotherapy. One patient treated with combined immunotherapy 68 months after the SIRT was included in this group. At the start of ipilimumab plus nivolumab, 94.4% (n = 17) presented hepatic metastases and 72.2% (n = 13) had extra liver disease. Eight patients (44.4%) of the SIRT_IpiNivo group experienced grade 3 or 4 immune related adverse events, mainly colitis and hepatitis. Median overall survival from the diagnosis of metastases was 49.6 months (95% confidence interval (CI); 24.1-not available (NA)) in the SIRT_IpiNivo group compared with 13.6 months (95% CI; 11.5-NA) in the SIRT group (log-rank p-value 0.027). The presence of extra liver metastases at the time of SIRT, largest liver lesion more than 8 cm (M1c) and liver tumor volume negatively impacted the survival. This real-world cohort suggests that a sequential treatment of ipilimumab plus nivolumab and SIRT is a well-tolerated therapeutic approach with promising survival rates.
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Rantala ES, Hernberg MM, Piperno-Neumann S, Grossniklaus HE, Kivelä TT. Metastatic uveal melanoma: The final frontier. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 90:101041. [PMID: 34999237 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of primary intraocular uveal melanoma has developed considerably, its driver genes are largely unraveled, and the ways to assess its risk for metastases are very precise, being based on an international staging system and genetic data. Unfortunately, the risk of distant metastases, which emerge in approximately one half of all patients, is unaltered. Metastases are the leading single cause of death after uveal melanoma is diagnosed, yet no consensus exists regarding surveillance, staging, and treatment of disseminated disease, and survival has not improved until recently. The final frontier in conquering uveal melanoma lies in solving these issues to cure metastatic disease. Most studies on metastatic uveal melanoma are small, uncontrolled, retrospective, and do not report staging. Meta-analyses confirm a median overall survival of 10-13 months, and a cure rate that approaches nil, although survival exceeding 5 years is possible, estimated 2% either with first-line treatment or with best supportive care. Hepatic ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging as surveillance methods have a sensitivity of 95-100% and 83-100%, respectively, to detect metastases without radiation hazard according to prevailing evidence, but computed tomography is necessary for staging. No blood-based tests additional to liver function tests are generally accepted. Three validated staging systems predict, each in defined situations, overall survival after metastasis. Their essential components include measures of tumor burden, liver function, and performance status or metastasis free interval. Age and gender may additionally influence survival. Exceptional mutational events in metastases may make them susceptible to checkpoint inhibitors. In a large meta-analysis, surgical treatment was associated with 6 months longer median overall survival as compared to conventional chemotherapy and, recently, tebentafusp as first-line treatment at the first interim analysis of a randomized phase III trial likewise provided a 6 months longer median overall survival compared to investigator's choice, mostly pembrolizumab; these treatments currently apply to selected patients. Promoting dormancy of micrometastases, harmonizing surveillance protocols, promoting staging, identifying predictive factors, initiating controlled clinical trials, and standardizing reporting will be critical steppingstones in reaching the final frontier of curing metastatic uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina S Rantala
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, PL 220, FI-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Micaela M Hernberg
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Paciuksenkatu 3, PL 180, FI-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Hans E Grossniklaus
- Section of Ocular Oncology, Emory Eye Center, 1365 Clifton Road B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, PL 220, FI-00029, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
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Alexander H, Wen D, Chu M, Han C, Hadden P, Thomas R, Bartlett A. Selective internal radiation therapy for hepatic metastases of uveal melanoma: a systematic review. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20210200. [PMID: 34757824 PMCID: PMC8722257 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uveal melanoma (UM) commonly metastasizes to the liver. Treatment usually consists of liver-directed therapies, such as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT). This review aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of SIRT for hepatic metastases from UM. METHODS The study protocol is available at OSF (https://osf.io/vhyct/). EMBASE and MEDLINE were searched until July 2020, using terms related to SIRT and hepatic metastases from UM. Studies reporting outcomes of SIRT in patients with UM and at least one hepatic metastasis were included. Data on overall survival (OS), hepatic progression free survival (hPFS) or tumor response were collected. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias. RESULTS 11 studies were included, reporting outcomes for 268 patients with hepatic metastases from UM. Most studies (n = 9, 81.8%) were retrospective. Disease control was achieved in 170 patients (67.5%) and the median OS from time of SIRT was 12.3 months. Median hPFS was 5.4 months. Low-grade side-effects were common but serious complications were infrequent. There were two treatment-related deaths. The median NOS score was 6 (moderate risk of bias). CONCLUSION SIRT appears to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from UM. The certainty of our results is unclear due to predominantly retrospective data with moderate risk of bias. Further prospective studies are required to explore the role of SIRT in UM. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE SIRT appears to be a safe treatment for patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from UM. Further prospective work is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Alexander
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Wen
- Department of Surgery, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Chu
- Department of Surgery, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter Hadden
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert Thomas
- Department of Radiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Bartlett
- Department of Surgery, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
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Bi-Centric Independent Validation of Outcome Prediction after Radioembolization of Primary and Secondary Liver Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163668. [PMID: 34441964 PMCID: PMC8396945 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yttrium-90 radioembolization (RE) plays an important role in the treatment of liver malignancies. Optimal patient selection is crucial for an effective and safe treatment. In this study, we aim to validate the prognostic performance of a previously established random survival forest (RSF) with an external validation cohort from a different national center. Furthermore, we compare outcome prediction models with different established metrics. METHODS A previously established RSF model, trained on a consecutive cohort of 366 patients who had received RE due to primary or secondary liver tumor at a national center (center 1), was used to predict the outcome of an independent consecutive cohort of 202 patients from a different national center (center 2) and vice versa. Prognostic performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index) and the integrated Brier score (IBS). The prognostic importance of designated baseline parameters was measured with the minimal depth concept, and the influence on the predicted outcome was analyzed with accumulated local effects plots. RSF values were compared to conventional cox proportional hazards models in terms of C-index and IBS. RESULTS The established RSF model achieved a C-index of 0.67 for center 2, comparable to the results obtained for center 1, which it was trained on (0.66). The RSF model trained on center 2 achieved a C-index of 0.68 on center 2 data and 0.66 on center 1 data. CPH models showed comparable results on both cohorts, with C-index ranging from 0.68 to 0.72. IBS validation showed more differentiated results depending on which cohort was trained on and which cohort was predicted (range: 0.08 to 0.20). Baseline cholinesterase was the most important variable for survival prediction. CONCLUSION The previously developed predictive RSF model was successfully validated with an independent external cohort. C-index and IBS are suitable metrics to compare outcome prediction models, with IBS showing more differentiated results. The findings corroborate that survival after RE is critically determined by functional hepatic reserve and thus baseline liver function should play a key role in patient selection.
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Bechrakis NE, Bornfeld N, Heindl LM, Skoetz N, Leyvraz S, Joussen AM. Uveal Melanoma - Standardised Procedure in Diagnosis, Therapy and Surveillance. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021; 238:761-772. [PMID: 34376006 DOI: 10.1055/a-1534-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma is a rare intraocular tumour, for which there is currently no national evidence-based guideline in Germany. The aim of this project was to provide a common standard operating procedure (SOP) for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care of uveal melanoma, within the network of German leading oncology centres funded by German Cancer Aid. The SOP was created as part of a moderated consensus process. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In a multistage process, a common SOP was developed for the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of uveal melanoma, as based on current knowledge of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norbert Bornfeld
- Zentrum für Erkrankungen des hinteren Augenabschnitts, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Deutschland
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Uniklinik Köln, Deutschland
| | - Nicole Skoetz
- Centrum für integrierte Onkologie (CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Köln-Düsseldorf, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Deutschland
| | - Serge Leyvraz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Antonia M Joussen
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
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Proietti I, Skroza N, Filippi L, Bernardini N, Mambrin A, Tolino E, Rossi G, Marchesiello A, Marraffa F, Volpe S, Bagni O, Potenza C. Long-Term Maintained Response to Selective Internal Radiation Therapy in an Oligometastatic Uveal Melanoma Patient Treated with Concomitant Anti-PD-1 Therapy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:692. [PMID: 34357064 PMCID: PMC8307638 DOI: 10.3390/life11070692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a primary neoplasm of the eye arising from the melanocytes residing in the iris, ciliary body or choroid. It is the most frequent intraocular malignancy and often determines metastases at distant sites, with a peculiar tropism for the liver. Metastatic UM has a poor prognosis, as any treatment affects the natural course of this fatal disease. Herein, we report a case of a UM metastatic to the liver in a 54 year-old female patient, initially treated with nivolumab without success. The patient was then scheduled for selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) while continuing immunotherapy. This combination led to a complete and durable response and the patient is currently free of disease, two years after the diagnosis of the hepatic metastases. The association between SIRT and immunotherapy (IT) has very promising perspectives for metastatic UM, especially considering the disappointing or contradictory results of classic chemotherapies, IT alone and targeted therapies. Furthermore, this combination has been shown to have a good security profile. However, further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of associating SIRT and IT and to clarify some unsolved problems, such as the timing of administration of these two therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Proietti
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Nevena Skroza
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, “Santa Maria Goretti” Hospital, Via Antonio Canova, 04100 Latina, Italy; (L.F.); (O.B.)
| | - Nicoletta Bernardini
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Alessandra Mambrin
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Ersilia Tolino
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Anna Marchesiello
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Federica Marraffa
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Salvatore Volpe
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
| | - Oreste Bagni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, “Santa Maria Goretti” Hospital, Via Antonio Canova, 04100 Latina, Italy; (L.F.); (O.B.)
| | - Concetta Potenza
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Via Firenze, 1, 04019 Terracina, Italy; (N.S.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (E.T.); (G.R.); (A.M.); (F.M.); (S.V.); (C.P.)
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Masaoutis C, Kokkali S, Theocharis S. Immunotherapy in uveal melanoma: novel strategies and opportunities for personalized treatment. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:555-569. [PMID: 33650931 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1898587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular cancer and represents a discrete subtype of melanoma. Metastatic disease, which occurs in half of patients, has a dismal prognosis. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has produced promising results in cutaneous melanoma but has failed to show analogous efficacy in metastatic UM. This is attributable to UM's distinct genetics and its complex interaction with the immune system. Hence, more efficacious immunotherapeutic approaches are under investigation. AREAS COVERED We discuss those novel immunotherapeutic strategies in clinical and preclinical studies for advanced disease and which are thought to overcome the hurdles set by UM in terms of immune recognition. We also highlight the need to determine predictive markers in relation to these strategies to improve clinical outcomes. We used a simple narrative analysis to summarize the data. The search methodology is located in the Introduction. EXPERT OPINION Novel immunotherapeutic strategies focus on transforming immune excluded tumor microenvironment in metastatic UM to T cell inflamed. Preliminary results of approaches such as vaccines, adoptive cell transfer and other novel molecules are encouraging. Factors such as HLA compatibility and expression level of targeted antigens should be considered to optimize personalized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Masaoutis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefania Kokkali
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,First Medical Oncology Clinic, Saint-Savvas Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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13
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A Novel Ferroptosis-Associated Gene Signature to Predict Prognosis in Patients with Uveal Melanoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020219. [PMID: 33540700 PMCID: PMC7913108 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Ferroptosis is a newly recognized process of cell death, which is different from other forms of cell death in terms of morphology, biochemistry and genetics, and has played a vital role in cancer biology. The present research aimed to construct a gene signature from ferroptosis-related genes that have the prognostic capacity of UM. Methods: UM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were taken as the training cohort, and GSE22138 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was treated as the validation cohort. A total of 103 ferroptosis-related genes were retrieved from the GeneCards. We performed Kaplan–Meier and univariate Cox analysis for preliminary screening of ferroptosis-related genes with potential prognostic capacity in the training cohort. These genes were then applied into an overall survival-based LASSO Cox regression model, constructing a gene signature. The discovered gene signature was then evaluated via Kaplan–Meier (KM), Cox, and ROC analyses in both cohorts. The Pearson correlation coefficient examined the correlations between risk score and UM common mutations and autophagy. The analyses of GSEA and immune infiltrating were performed to better study the functional annotation of the gene signature and the character of each kind of immune cell in the tumor microenvironment. Results: A seven-gene signature was found from the training cohort and validated in all cohorts by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses, revealing its independent prognosis value in UM. Moreover, ROC analysis was conducted, confirming the strong predictive ability that this signature had for UM prognosis. A total of 52.24% (256/490) autophagy-related genes were significantly correlated with risk scores. Analyses of GSEA and immune infiltrating detailed exhibited specific pathways associated with the seven-gene signature, also confirming the crucial role that Mast cells resting played in the prognosis of the seven-gene signature. Conclusions: In this study, a novel ferroptosis-related seven-gene signature (ALOX12, CD44, MAP1LC3C, STEAP3, HMOX1, ITGA6, and AIFM2/FSP1) was built. It could accurately predict UM prognosis and was related to Mast cells resting, which provides the potential for personalized outcome prediction and the development of new therapies in the UM population.
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14
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Höppener DJ, Grünhagen DJ, Eggermont AMM, van der Veldt AAM, Verhoef C. An Overview of Liver Directed Locoregional Therapies. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2021; 30:103-123. [PMID: 33220800 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An overview of all liver-directed locoregional therapies, including surgical resection for melanoma liver metastases (MLMs), is provided. MLM patients are divided by their primary melanoma location; cutaneous, uvea (eye), and mucosal melanoma. If patients with isolated cutaneous MLMs are considered for surgical resection, treatment with systemic therapy should be part of the treatment course. For uveal MLMs, complete surgical or ablative treatment of all MLMs suggests superior results compared with other liver-directed or systemic therapies, based on current evidence, no recommendations for any liver-directed regional therapy in the treatment of mucosal MLMs can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diederik J Höppener
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Grünhagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid A M van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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15
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First-Line-SIRT bei hepatisch metastasierten Uveamelanomen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1192-9873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Rodriguez-Vidal C, Fernandez-Diaz D, Fernandez-Marta B, Lago-Baameiro N, Pardo M, Silva P, Paniagua L, Blanco-Teijeiro MJ, Piñeiro A, Bande M. Treatment of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2557. [PMID: 32911759 PMCID: PMC7565536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 50% of patients with uveal melanoma end up developing metastases. Currently, there is no standard first-line treatment that facilitates proper management of the metastatic disease. METHODS A systematic review of the last 40 years in PubMed with an exhaustive and strict selection of studies was conducted, in which the unit of measurement was overall survival (OS) expressed in Kaplan-Meier curves or numerically. RESULTS After the selection process, 110 articles were included. Regional therapies, such as intra-arterial liver chemotherapy (OS: 2, 9-22 months), isolated liver perfusion (OS: 9, 6-27, 4 months), or selective internal radiation therapy (OS: 18 months in monotherapy and 26 months in combination with other therapies) showed some superiority when compared to systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy (OS: 4, 6-17 months), immunotherapy (OS: 5-19, 1 month), immunosuppression (OS: 11 months), or targeted therapy (OS: 6-12 months), without being significant. CONCLUSIONS The results of this review suggest that there are no important differences in OS when comparing the different current treatment modalities. Most of the differences found seem to be explained by the heterogenicity of the different studies and the presence of biases in their design, rather than actual extensions of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Vidal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Cruces, Cruces Plaza S/N, 48903 Barakaldo-Vizcaya, Spain;
| | - Daniel Fernandez-Diaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Marta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
| | - Nerea Lago-Baameiro
- Grupo Obesidómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - María Pardo
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
- Grupo Obesidómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Paula Silva
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Clinical University Hospital, SERGAS, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Paniagua
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Coruña, Praza Parrote s/n, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - María José Blanco-Teijeiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Antonio Piñeiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Manuel Bande
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramon Baltar S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.F.-D.); (B.F.-M.); (M.J.B.-T.); (A.P.)
- Tumores Intraoculares en el Adulto, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.P.); (P.S.)
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Li YZ, Huang Y, Deng XY, Tu CS. Identification of an immune-related signature for the prognosis of uveal melanoma. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:458-465. [PMID: 32309184 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.03.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To construct an immune-related prognostic signature (IPS) that can distinguish and predict prognosis in uveal melanoma (UM). METHODS The transcriptomic data and clinicopathological information of 80 UM patients were extracted from the TCGA database. These patients were randomly assigned to a training and a testing set. RESULTS Lasso Cox analysis was performed for the prognostic immune-related genes to develop an IPS for UM in the training set. The signature was validated in both the testing set and entire cohort. We confirmed the prognostic value of our IPS in distinct subgroups and found its association with the T stage and basal diameter of the tumor. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database analysis revealed that the IPS was negatively correlated with the infiltration of neutrophils and dendritic cells, but positively correlated with the infiltration level of CD8+ T cells. In addition, we demonstrated that immune checkpoints containing PD-1, CTLA-4, IDO, and TIGIT were moderately associated with the IPS. CONCLUSION This is the first study to develop and validate an immune-related signature with the ability of predicting prognosis for UM patients. Further studies are needed to validate its prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zi Li
- Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 32500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 32500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chang-Sen Tu
- Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 32500, Zhejiang Province, China
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