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Yoo CH, DuBois JM, Wang L, Tang Y, Hou L, Xu H, Chen J, Liang SH, Izquierdo-Garcia D, Wey HY. Preliminary Exploration of Pseudo-CT-Based Attenuation Correction for Simultaneous PET/MRI Brain Imaging in Nonhuman Primates. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45438-45446. [PMID: 38075761 PMCID: PMC10702200 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a template-based attenuation correction (AC) for the nonhuman primate (NHP) brain. We evaluated the effects of AC on positron emission tomography (PET) data quantification with two experimental paradigms by comparing the quantitative outcomes obtained using a segmentation-based AC versus template-based AC. Population-based atlas was generated from ten adult rhesus macaques. Bolus experiments using [18F]PF-06455943 and a bolus-infusion experiment using [11C]OMAR were performed on a 3T Siemens PET/magnetic resonance-imaging (MRI). PET data were reconstructed with either μ map obtained from the segmentation-based AC or template-based AC. The standard uptake value (SUV), volume of distribution (VT), or percentage occupancy of rimonabant were calculated for [18F]PF-06455943 and [11C]OMAR PET, respectively. The leave-one-out cross-validation showed that the absolute percentage differences were 2.54 ± 2.86% for all region of interests. The segmentation-based AC had a lower SUV and VT (∼10%) of [18F]PF-06455943 than the template-based method. The estimated occupancy was higher in the template-based method compared to the segmentation-based AC in the bolus-infusion study. However, future studies may be needed if a different reference tissue is selected for data quantification. Our template-based AC approach was successfully developed and applied to the NHP brain. One limitation of this study was that validation was performed by comparing two different MR-based AC approaches without validating against AC methods based on computed tomography (CT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hyeon Yoo
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
| | - Jonathan M. DuBois
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yongjin Tang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical
Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical
Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - David Izquierdo-Garcia
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
- Harvard–MIT
Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Bioengineering
Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid 28911, Spain
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
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Cogswell PM, Fan AP. Multimodal comparisons of QSM and PET in neurodegeneration and aging. Neuroimage 2023; 273:120068. [PMID: 37003447 PMCID: PMC10947478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been used to study susceptibility changes that may occur based on tissue composition and mineral deposition. Iron is a primary contributor to changes in magnetic susceptibility and of particular interest in applications of QSM to neurodegeneration and aging. Iron can contribute to neurodegeneration through inflammatory processes and via interaction with aggregation of disease-related proteins. To better understand the local susceptibility changes observed on QSM, its signal has been studied in association with other imaging metrics such as positron emission tomography (PET). The associations of QSM and PET may provide insight into the pathophysiology of disease processes, such as the role of iron in aging and neurodegeneration, and help to determine the diagnostic utility of QSM as an indirect indicator of disease processes typically evaluated with PET. In this review we discuss the proposed mechanisms and summarize prior studies of the associations of QSM and amyloid PET, tau PET, TSPO PET, FDG-PET, 15O-PET, and F-DOPA PET in evaluation of neurologic diseases with a focus on aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrice M Cogswell
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Audrey P Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, 1590 Drew Avenue, Davis, CA 95618, USA
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Rajagopal A, Natsuaki Y, Wangerin K, Hamdi M, An H, Sunderland JJ, Laforest R, Kinahan PE, Larson PEZ, Hope TA. Synthetic PET via Domain Translation of 3-D MRI. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 7:333-343. [PMID: 37396797 PMCID: PMC10311993 DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2022.3223275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Historically, patient datasets have been used to develop and validate various reconstruction algorithms for PET/MRI and PET/CT. To enable such algorithm development, without the need for acquiring hundreds of patient exams, in this article we demonstrate a deep learning technique to generate synthetic but realistic whole-body PET sinograms from abundantly available whole-body MRI. Specifically, we use a dataset of 56 18F-FDG-PET/MRI exams to train a 3-D residual UNet to predict physiologic PET uptake from whole-body T1-weighted MRI. In training, we implemented a balanced loss function to generate realistic uptake across a large dynamic range and computed losses along tomographic lines of response to mimic the PET acquisition. The predicted PET images are forward projected to produce synthetic PET (sPET) time-of-flight (ToF) sinograms that can be used with vendor-provided PET reconstruction algorithms, including using CT-based attenuation correction (CTAC) and MR-based attenuation correction (MRAC). The resulting synthetic data recapitulates physiologic 18F-FDG uptake, e.g., high uptake localized to the brain and bladder, as well as uptake in liver, kidneys, heart, and muscle. To simulate abnormalities with high uptake, we also insert synthetic lesions. We demonstrate that this sPET data can be used interchangeably with real PET data for the PET quantification task of comparing CTAC and MRAC methods, achieving ≤ 7.6% error in mean-SUV compared to using real data. These results together show that the proposed sPET data pipeline can be reasonably used for development, evaluation, and validation of PET/MRI reconstruction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhejit Rajagopal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Yutaka Natsuaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | | | - Mahdjoub Hamdi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - John J Sunderland
- Department of Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Richard Laforest
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Paul E Kinahan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Thomas A Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
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Akamatsu G, Tsutsui Y, Daisaki H, Mitsumoto K, Baba S, Sasaki M. A review of harmonization strategies for quantitative PET. Ann Nucl Med 2023; 37:71-88. [PMID: 36607466 PMCID: PMC9902332 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PET can reveal in vivo biological processes at the molecular level. PET-derived quantitative values have been used as a surrogate marker for clinical decision-making in numerous clinical studies and trials. However, quantitative values in PET are variable depending on technical, biological, and physical factors. The variability may have a significant impact on a study outcome. Appropriate scanner calibration and quality control, standardization of imaging protocols, and any necessary harmonization strategies are essential to make use of PET as a biomarker with low bias and variability. This review summarizes benefits, limitations, and remaining challenges for harmonization of quantitative PET, including whole-body PET in oncology, brain PET in neurology, PET/MR, and non-18F PET imaging. This review is expected to facilitate harmonization of quantitative PET and to promote the contribution of PET-derived biomarkers to research and development in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Akamatsu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Imaging Research, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yuji Tsutsui
- Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Science, Junshin Gakuen University, 1-1-1 Chikushigaoka, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8510 Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Daisaki
- Department of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 323-1 Kamioki-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0052 Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Mitsumoto
- Department of Clinical Radiology Service, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Shingo Baba
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Department of Medical Quantum Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
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Brašić JR, Goodman JA, Nandi A, Russell DS, Jennings D, Barret O, Martin SD, Slifer K, Sedlak T, Mathur AK, Seibyl JP, Berry-Kravis EM, Wong DF, Budimirovic DB. Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein and Cerebral Expression of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 in Men with Fragile X Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:314. [PMID: 35326270 PMCID: PMC8946825 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that a deficiency of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) mediates dysfunction of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) in the pathogenesis of fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most commonly known single-gene cause of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nevertheless, animal and human studies regarding the link between FMRP and mGluR5 expression provide inconsistent or conflicting findings about the nature of those relationships. Since multiple clinical trials of glutamatergic agents in humans with FXS did not demonstrate the amelioration of the behavioral phenotype observed in animal models of FXS, we sought measure if mGluR5 expression is increased in men with FXS to form the basis for improved clinical trials. Unexpectedly marked reductions in mGluR5 expression were observed in cortical and subcortical regions in men with FXS. Reduced mGluR5 expression throughout the living brains of men with FXS provides a clue to examine FMRP and mGluR5 expression in FXS. In order to develop the findings of our previous study and to strengthen the objective tools for future clinical trials of glutamatergic agents in FXS, we sought to assess the possible value of measuring both FMRP levels and mGluR5 expression in men with FXS. We aimed to show the value of measurement of FMRP levels and mGluR5 expression for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with FXS and related conditions. We administered 3-[18F]fluoro-5-(2-pyridinylethynyl)benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB), a specific mGluR5 radioligand for quantitative measurements of the density and the distribution of mGluR5s, to six men with the full mutation (FM) of FXS and to one man with allele size mosaicism for FXS (FXS-M). Utilizing the seven cortical and subcortical regions affected in neurodegenerative disorders as indicator variables, adjusted linear regression of mGluR5 expression and FMRP showed that mGluR5 expression was significantly reduced in the occipital cortex and the thalamus relative to baseline (anterior cingulate cortex) if FMRP levels are held constant (F(7,47) = 6.84, p < 0.001).These findings indicate the usefulness of cerebral mGluR5 expression measured by PET with [18F]FPEB and FMRP values in men with FXS and related conditions for assessments in community facilities within a hundred-mile radius of a production center with a cyclotron. These initial results of this pilot study advance our previous study regarding the measurement of mGluR5 expression by combining both FMRP levels and mGluR5 expression as tools for meaningful clinical trials of glutamatergic agents for men with FXS. We confirm the feasibility of this protocol as a valuable tool to measure FMRP levels and mGluR5 expression in clinical trials of individuals with FXS and related conditions and to provide the foundations to apply precision medicine to tailor treatment plans to the specific needs of individuals with FXS and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Robert Brašić
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
| | - Jack Alexander Goodman
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT 06473, USA;
| | - Ayon Nandi
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
| | - David S. Russell
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.S.R.); (D.J.); (O.B.); (J.P.S.)
- Invicro, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Danna Jennings
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.S.R.); (D.J.); (O.B.); (J.P.S.)
- Invicro, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Denali Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Olivier Barret
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.S.R.); (D.J.); (O.B.); (J.P.S.)
- Invicro, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Samuel D. Martin
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Keith Slifer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences-Child Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Thomas Sedlak
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences-General Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anil Kumar Mathur
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
| | - John P. Seibyl
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.S.R.); (D.J.); (O.B.); (J.P.S.)
- Invicro, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Berry-Kravis
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurological Sciences, and Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Dean F. Wong
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.N.); (S.D.M.); (T.S.); (A.K.M.); (D.F.W.)
- Laboratory of Central Nervous System (CNS) Neuropsychopharmacology and Multimodal, Imaging (CNAMI), Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dejan B. Budimirovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences-Child Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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