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Sharma N, Kumari D, Panigrahi I, Khetarpal P. A systematic review of the monogenic causes of Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (NSHL) and discussion of Current Diagnosis and Treatment options. Clin Genet 2023; 103:16-34. [PMID: 36089522 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hearing impairment is one of the most widespread inheritable sensory disorder affecting at least 1 in every 1000 born. About two-third of hereditary hearing loss (HHL) disorders are non-syndromic. To provide comprehensive update of monogenic causes of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL), literature search has been carried out with appropriate keywords in the following databases-PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, and Science Direct. Out of 2214 papers, 271 papers were shortlisted after applying inclusion and exclusion criterion. Data extracted from selected papers include information about gene name, identified pathogenic variants, ethnicity of the patient, age of onset, gender, title, authors' name, and year of publication. Overall, pathogenic variants in 98 different genes have been associated with NSHL. These genes have important role to play during early embryonic development in ear structure formation and hearing development. Here, we also review briefly the recent information about diagnosis and treatment approaches. Understanding pathogenic genetic variants are helpful in the management of affected and may offer targeted therapies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Divya Kumari
- Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Inusha Panigrahi
- Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is an etiologically heterogeneous disorder that affects around 5% of the world's population. There has been an exponential increase in the identification of genes and variants responsible for hereditary HL over recent years. Iran, a country located in the Middle East, has a high prevalence of consanguineous marriages, so heterogeneous diseases such as HL are more common. Comprehensive studies using different strategies from linkage analysis to next-generation sequencing, especially exome-sequencing, have achieved significant success in identifying possible pathogens in deaf Iranian families. About 12% of non-syndromic autosomal recessive HL genes investigated to date, were first identified in families from Iran. Variations of 56 genes have been observed in families with NSHL in Iran. Variants in GJB2, SLC26A4, MYO15A, MYO7A, CDH23, and TMC1 account for 16.5%, 16.25%, 13.5%, 9.35%, 6.9% and 4.92%, cases of NSHL, respectively. In summary, there are also different diagnostic rates between studies conducted in Iran. In the comprehensive investigations conducted by the Genetic Research Center of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences over the past 20 years, the overall diagnosis rate is about 80% while there are other studies with lower diagnostic rates which could reflect differences in project designs, sampling, and accuracy and validity of the methods used. Furthermore, there are several syndromic HHLs in Iran including, Waardenburg syndrome, BOR syndrome, Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, Wolfram syndrome, among which Pendred and Usher syndromes are well-studied. These results are of importance for further investigation and elucidation of the molecular basis of HHL in Iran.
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Yue X, Sheng Y, Kang L, Xiao R. Distinct functions of TMC channels: a comparative overview. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4221-4232. [PMID: 31584127 PMCID: PMC11105308 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, transmembrane channel-like (TMC) proteins have attracted a significant amount of research interest, because mutations of Tmc1 lead to hereditary deafness. As evolutionarily conserved membrane proteins, TMC proteins are widely involved in diverse sensorimotor functions of many species, such as hearing, chemosensation, egg laying, and food texture detection. Interestingly, recent structural and physiological studies suggest that TMC channels may share a similar membrane topology with the Ca2+-activated Cl- channel TMEM16 and the mechanically activated OSCA1.2/TMEM63 channel. Namely, these channels form dimers and each subunit consists of ten transmembrane segments. Despite this important structural insight, a key question remains: what is the gating mechanism of TMC channels? The major technical hurdle to answer this question is that the reconstitution of TMC proteins as functional ion channels has been challenging in mammalian heterologous systems. Since TMC channels are conserved across taxa, genetic studies of TMC channels in model organisms such as C. elegans, Drosophila, and zebrafish may provide us critical information on the physiological function and regulation of TMCs. Here, we present a comparative overview on the diverse functions of TMC channels in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sheng
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lijun Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Wang H, Wu K, Guan J, Yang J, Xie L, Xiong F, Lan L, Wang D, Wang Q. Identification of four TMC1 variations in different Chinese families with hereditary hearing loss. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:504-513. [PMID: 29654653 PMCID: PMC6081220 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in TMC1 (transmembrane channel-like 1) can cause both autosomal dominant and recessive hearing loss in human population. Mice with Tmc1 variants have been shown to be ideal animal models for gene therapy. In this article, we report four TMC1 variants in four different Chinese families and the follow-up auditory phenotype of a previously reported family. METHODS Four families with TMC1 variants, as well as a previously described family with TMC1 variant orthologous to the Beethoven mouse, were recruited in this study. A comprehensive auditory evaluation was performed on all ascertained family members. High-throughput sequencing was conducted using genomic DNA from the probands and other family members to identify probable deafness genes. RESULTS We identified four TMC1 (NM_138691.2) variations, including two pathogenic variants, c.1714G>A, and c.1253T>A, one likely pathogenic variant, c.[797T>C];[797T>C], and one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), c.2276G>A. Among these variants, c.[797T>C];[797T>C] is a novel likely pathogenic variant, and c.1714G>A and c.1253T>A are known pathogenic variants at the DFNB7/11 (DFNA36) locus. Phenotype-genotype correlation analysis of TMC1 variants showed that the TMC1 dominant variation-related phenotype was late-onset, progressive, high frequency to all frequency sensorineural hearing loss, while the TMC1 recessive variant was related to congenital all frequency sensorineural hearing impairment. CONCLUSIONS Two pathogenic, one likely pathogenic variants and one SNP of TMC1 were identified in four Chinese families with hereditary hearing loss, indicating that TMC1 may be a more frequent cause of hearing loss than expected. TMC1 variants related to hearing loss result in specific phenotypes. The TMC1 c.1253T>A (p.M418K) variation, homologous to the Tmc1 c. 1235 T> A (p.M412K) variant in Beethoven mice, was the second report of this variant in human patients with hearing loss, suggesting the possibility to translational gene therapy from Beethoven mice to human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Wang
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Kaiwen Wu
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Jing Guan
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Ju Yang
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Linyi Xie
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Fen Xiong
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Lan Lan
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Dayong Wang
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
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Xue G, Sha-Sha H, Yu S, Jin-Cao X, Pu D. Identification of Novel TMC1 Compound Heterozygous Mutations Related to Autosomal Recessive Hearing Loss by Targeted Capture Sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.17352/sjggt.000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gao X, Huang SS, Yuan YY, Wang GJ, Xu JC, Ji YB, Han MY, Yu F, Kang DY, Lin X, Dai P. Targeted gene capture and massively parallel sequencing identify TMC1 as the causative gene in a six-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant hearing loss. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2357-65. [PMID: 26079994 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary nonsyndromic hearing loss is extremely heterogeneous. Mutations in the transmembrane channel-like gene1 (TMC1) are known to cause autosomal dominant and recessive forms of nonsyndromic hearing loss linked to the loci of DFNA36 and DFNB7/11, respectively. We characterized a six-generation Chinese family (5315) with progressive, postlingual autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL). By combining targeted capture of 82 known deafness genes, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, we identified TMC1 c.1714G>A (p. D572N) as the disease-causing mutation. This mutation co-segregated with hearing loss in other family members and was not detected in 308 normal controls. In order to determine the prevalence of TMC1 c.1714G>A in Chinese ADNSHL families, we used DNA samples from 67 ADNSHL families with sloping audiogram and identified two families carry this mutation. To determine whether it arose from a common ancestor, we analyzed nine STR markers. Our results indicated that TMC1 c.1714G>A (p.D572N) account for about 4.4% (3/68) of ADNSHL in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sha-Sha Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Yi Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Jian Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Cao Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Second Artillery General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yang Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Pu Dai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, P. R. China
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