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Moreau KA. Exploring the connections between programmatic assessment and program evaluation within competency-based medical education programs. MEDICAL TEACHER 2021; 43:250-252. [PMID: 33136458 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1841128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Programmatic assessment and program evaluation are both important within competency-based medical education (CBME) programs. Given this importance, there is value in evaluating programmatic assessment as well as using the information collected in programmatic assessment for the evaluation of CBME programs. In order to help facilitate these two activities, this paper distinguishes between programmatic assessment and program evaluation as well as highlights the connections between them. In doing so, it shows that programmatic assessment and program evaluation, when employed appropriately, can complement each other and contribute to the overall effectiveness of CBME programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Moreau
- Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Centre for Research on Educational and Community Services, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Tariq S, Naqvi SAR, Naz S, Mubarik MS, Yaseen M, Riaz M, Shah SMA, Rafi M, Roohi S. Dose-Dependent Internalization and Externalization Integrity Study of Newly Synthesized 99mTc-Thymoquinone Radiopharmaceutical as Cancer Theranostic Agent. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820914189. [PMID: 32362794 PMCID: PMC7180313 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820914189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) is a bioactive phytochemical isolated from Nigella
sativa and has been investigated for biochemical and biological
activities in both in vitro and in vivo models. It is best known for its
anticancer activities. Thymoquinone accomplishes anticancer activities through
targeting multiple cancer markers including PPAR-γ, PTEN, P53, P73, STAT3, and
generation of reactive oxygen species at the cancer cell surface. The
radiolabeling of TQ with γ- and β-emitter radionuclide could be used as cancer
diagnostic or therapeutic radiopharmaceutical, respectively. In this study, we
are reporting the radiolabeling of TQ with technetium-99m (99mTc),
stability in saline and blood serum, internalization and externalization of
99mTc-TQ using rhabdomyosarcoma cancer cells line. The quality
control study revealed more than 95% labeling yield and stable in blood serum up
to 4 hours. In vitro internalization rate was recorded 27.08% ± 0.95% at 1 hour
post 2 hours internalization period and comparatively slow externalization. The
results of this study are quite encourging and could be investigated for further
key preclinical parameters to enter phase I clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Tariq
- Isotope Production Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Food Technology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Naz
- Isotope Production Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Rafi
- Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samina Roohi
- Isotope Production Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Mirzazadeh A, Gandomkar R, Hejri SM, Hassanzadeh G, Koochak HE, Golestani A, Jafarian A, Jalili M, Nayeri F, Saleh N, Shahi F, Razavi SHE. Undergraduate medical education programme renewal: a longitudinal context, input, process and product evaluation study. PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 5:15-23. [PMID: 26820748 PMCID: PMC4754210 DOI: 10.1007/s40037-015-0243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to utilize the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) evaluation model as a comprehensive framework to guide initiating, planning, implementing and evaluating a revised undergraduate medical education programme. The eight-year longitudinal evaluation study consisted of four phases compatible with the four components of the CIPP model. In the first phase, we explored the strengths and weaknesses of the traditional programme as well as contextual needs, assets, and resources. For the second phase, we proposed a model for the programme considering contextual features. During the process phase, we provided formative information for revisions and adjustments. Finally, in the fourth phase, we evaluated the outcomes of the new undergraduate medical education programme in the basic sciences phase. Information was collected from different sources such as medical students, faculty members, administrators, and graduates, using various qualitative and quantitative methods including focus groups, questionnaires, and performance measures. The CIPP model has the potential to guide policy makers to systematically collect evaluation data and to manage stakeholders' reactions at each stage of the reform in order to make informed decisions. However, the model may result in evaluation burden and fail to address some unplanned evaluation questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Mirzazadeh
- Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Gandomkar
- Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Mortaz Hejri
- Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Emadi Koochak
- Infectious Diseases Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Biochemistry Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jafarian
- Surgery Department, Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili
- Emergency Medicine Department, Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nayeri
- Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Saleh
- Education Development Office, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Shahi
- Internal Medicine Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi
- Surgery Department, Medical Education Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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