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Cordonier N, Fossard M, Tillé Y, Champagne-Lavau M. Exploring Cognitive-Pragmatic Heterogeneity Following Acquired Brain Injury: A Cluster Analysis of Hint Comprehension. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:2752-2767. [PMID: 37707362 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Difficulties understanding nonliteral language (especially hints) are frequently reported following acquired brain injury (ABI). Several cognitive mechanisms, such as context processing, executive functions, and theory of mind (ToM), may underlie these disorders. However, their role remains controversial, mainly because of the characteristic heterogeneity of this population. Therefore, our study aimed to identify cognitive-pragmatic profiles in individuals with ABI. METHOD A new task of hint comprehension, manipulating executive demand, markers of hints, and ToM and neuropsychological tests were administered to 33 participants with frontal ABI and 33 control participants. Cluster analysis, a method sensitive to profile heterogeneity, was applied and coupled with error analysis. RESULTS We highlighted two cognitive-pragmatic profiles. One subgroup of participants with ABI exhibited contextual insensitivity, leading them to infer the utterance meaning based on linguistic decoding alone-literal meaning. This difficulty in understanding hints was associated with deficits in working memory, inhibition, and ToM. The second subgroup of participants with ABI showed difficulty with literal statements, associated with impaired inhibition and ToM. In addition, the two subgroups differed only on the ToM task. This result suggests that various types of ToM deficit (misunderstanding vs. incorrect attribution of mental states) could contribute to the variability of the pragmatic profiles observed (difficulties in interpreting hints vs. literal statements). CONCLUSION The experimental design adopted in this study provides valuable insight into the explanatory hypotheses of nonliteral language comprehension disorders and has important clinical implications. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24069516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Cordonier
- Institut des sciences logopédiques, Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LPL, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Marion Fossard
- Institut des sciences logopédiques, Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Yves Tillé
- Institut de statistique, Faculté des sciences, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Clough S, Padilla VG, Brown-Schmidt S, Duff MC. Intact speech-gesture integration in narrative recall by adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia 2023; 189:108665. [PMID: 37619936 PMCID: PMC10592037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Real-world communication is situated in rich multimodal contexts, containing speech and gesture. Speakers often convey unique information in gesture that is not present in the speech signal (e.g., saying "He searched for a new recipe" while making a typing gesture). We examine the narrative retellings of participants with and without moderate-severe traumatic brain injury across three timepoints over two online Zoom sessions to investigate whether people with TBI can integrate information from co-occurring speech and gesture and if information from gesture persists across delays. METHODS 60 participants with TBI and 60 non-injured peers watched videos of a narrator telling four short stories. On key details, the narrator produced complementary gestures that conveyed unique information. Participants retold the stories at three timepoints: immediately after, 20-min later, and one-week later. We examined the words participants used when retelling these key details, coding them as a Speech Match (e.g., "He searched for a new recipe"), a Gesture Match (e.g., "He searched for a new recipe online), or Other ("He looked for a new recipe"). We also examined whether participants produced representative gestures themselves when retelling these details. RESULTS Despite recalling fewer story details, participants with TBI were as likely as non-injured peers to report information from gesture in their narrative retellings. All participants were more likely to report information from gesture and produce representative gestures themselves one-week later compared to immediately after hearing the story. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that speech-gesture integration is intact after TBI in narrative retellings. This finding has exciting implications for the utility of gesture to support comprehension and memory after TBI and expands our understanding of naturalistic multimodal language processing in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharice Clough
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.
| | - Victoria-Grace Padilla
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States
| | - Sarah Brown-Schmidt
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States
| | - Melissa C Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States
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Clough S, Morrow E, Mutlu B, Turkstra L, Duff MC. Emotion recognition of faces and emoji in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2023; 37:596-610. [PMID: 36847497 PMCID: PMC10175112 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2023.2181401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial emotion recognition deficits are common after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and linked to poor social outcomes. We examine whether emotion recognition deficits extend to facial expressions depicted by emoji. METHODS Fifty-one individuals with moderate-severe TBI (25 female) and fifty-one neurotypical peers (26 female) viewed photos of human faces and emoji. Participants selected the best-fitting label from a set of basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, sadness, neutral, surprise, happy) or social emotions (embarrassed, remorseful, anxious, neutral, flirting, confident, proud). RESULTS We analyzed the likelihood of correctly labeling an emotion by group (neurotypical, TBI), stimulus condition (basic faces, basic emoji, social emoji), sex (female, male), and their interactions. Participants with TBI did not significantly differ from neurotypical peers in overall emotion labeling accuracy. Both groups had poorer labeling accuracy for emoji compared to faces. Participants with TBI (but not neurotypical peers) had poorer accuracy for labeling social emotions depicted by emoji compared to basic emotions depicted by emoji. There were no effects of participant sex. DISCUSSION Because emotion representation is more ambiguous in emoji than human faces, studying emoji use and perception in TBI is an important consideration for understanding functional communication and social participation after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharice Clough
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center
| | - Emily Morrow
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center
| | - Bilge Mutlu
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of
Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Lyn Turkstra
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University
| | - Melissa C. Duff
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center
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Clough S, Duff MC. The Role of Gesture in Communication and Cognition: Implications for Understanding and Treating Neurogenic Communication Disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:323. [PMID: 32903691 PMCID: PMC7438760 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
When people talk, they gesture. Gesture is a fundamental component of language that contributes meaningful and unique information to a spoken message and reflects the speaker's underlying knowledge and experiences. Theoretical perspectives of speech and gesture propose that they share a common conceptual origin and have a tightly integrated relationship, overlapping in time, meaning, and function to enrich the communicative context. We review a robust literature from the field of psychology documenting the benefits of gesture for communication for both speakers and listeners, as well as its important cognitive functions for organizing spoken language, and facilitating problem-solving, learning, and memory. Despite this evidence, gesture has been relatively understudied in populations with neurogenic communication disorders. While few studies have examined the rehabilitative potential of gesture in these populations, others have ignored gesture entirely or even discouraged its use. We review the literature characterizing gesture production and its role in intervention for people with aphasia, as well as describe the much sparser literature on gesture in cognitive communication disorders including right hemisphere damage, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease. The neuroanatomical and behavioral profiles of these patient populations provide a unique opportunity to test theories of the relationship of speech and gesture and advance our understanding of their neural correlates. This review highlights several gaps in the field of communication disorders which may serve as a bridge for applying the psychological literature of gesture to the study of language disorders. Such future work would benefit from considering theoretical perspectives of gesture and using more rigorous and quantitative empirical methods in its approaches. We discuss implications for leveraging gesture to explore its untapped potential in understanding and rehabilitating neurogenic communication disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharice Clough
- Communication and Memory Lab, Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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5
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VanSolkema M, McCann C, Barker-Collo S, Foster A. Attention and Communication Following TBI: Making the Connection through a Meta-Narrative Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 30:345-361. [PMID: 32712759 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Communication difficulties are one of the hallmark characteristics of adults following traumatic brain injury (TBI), a difficulty that incorporates multiple aspects of cognition and language. One aspect of cognition that impacts communication is attention. This review explores both attention and communication following moderate to severe TBI and aims to connect them through a narrative analysis of the discourse surrounding the terms and how they have evolved over time. This includes exploring and reviewing theories and specific constructs of these two aspects of cognition. METHOD A meta-narrative systematic literature review was completed according to RAMESES methodology. RESULTS A total of 37 articles were included in the review. The disciplines that populated the articles included, but were not limited to, speech language pathology (SLP) 36.5%, psychology 23.8%, and a collaboration of neuropsychology and SLP 7.9%. Of the papers that were included, 10% explored and supported theories of attention related to executive function affecting communication. Specific levels of attention were mapped onto specific communication skills with the corresponding year and authors to create a timeline and narrative of these concepts. CONCLUSIONS The main communication behaviours that are related to attention in the context of post-TBI cognition include discourse, tangential communication, social communication, auditory comprehension, verbal reasoning, topic maintenance, interpretation of social cues and emotions, verbal expression, reading comprehension, verbal response speed, and subvocal rehearsal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maegan VanSolkema
- Department of Speech Science, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,ABI Rehabilitation, NZ, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Clare McCann
- Department of Speech Science, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Meulenbroek P, Cherney LR. The Voicemail Elicitation Task: Functional Workplace Language Assessment for Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:3367-3380. [PMID: 31398300 PMCID: PMC6808339 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-18-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Politeness markers (PMs) are words that enhance cooperativity in dialogue and are an essential component of professional/work communication. Persons with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) underuse PMs in connected speech and have employment stability issues. The voicemail elicitation task (VET) is a standardized computerized language sampling procedure measuring PM rate in role-play tasks. Our purpose is to provide preliminary data establishing the potential of a screening assessment tool for professional/work communication. Method We measured VET performance using spoken PMs per minute (PMpM). We present data from 63 persons. Forty-three participants with TBI (22-65 years old, ≥ 1-year postinjury) worked in midlevel jobs before their injury and attempted work return after injury at the same job level. Twenty participants with TBI did not maintain work > 1 year (unstably employed), and 23 did maintain work for ≥ 1 year (stably employed). Twenty controls without history of neurological impairment working at the same job level also completed the VET protocol. We analyzed the data using between-group comparison with 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc analysis. We used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to calculate sensitivity and specificity, as well as an optimal cutoff value for a screening measure. Results Group differences, F(2, 60) = 19.59, p = .0001, η2 = .376, were identified between unstably employed persons with TBI performing with lower PMpM scores than the stably employed TBI group and the control group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a cutoff score of 11.55 PMpM. There was acceptable specificity (0.700, 95% CI [0.499, 0.901]) and sensitivity (0.696, 95% CI [0.508, 0.883]) for a screening tool indicating further assessment of social communication. Conclusion The VET holds promise as a clinical screening tool to identify persons at risk for social communication-related job instability after TBI and the need for a more comprehensive social communication assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leora R. Cherney
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Bosco FM, Gabbatore I, Angeleri R, Zettin M, Parola A. Do executive function and theory of mind predict pragmatic abilities following traumatic brain injury? An analysis of sincere, deceitful and ironic communicative acts. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2018; 75:102-117. [PMID: 29887277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quality of life and social integration are strongly influenced by the ability to communicate and previous research has shown that pragmatic ability can be specifically impaired in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In addition, TBI usually results in damage to the frontotemporal lobes with a consequent impairment of cognitive functions, i.e., attention, memory, executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM). The role of the underlying cognitive deficits in determining the communicative-pragmatic difficulties of an individual with TBI is not yet completely clear. This study examined the relationship between the ability to understand and produce various kinds of communicative acts, (i.e., sincere, deceitful and ironic) and the above-mentioned cognitive and ToM abilities following TBI. Thirty-five individuals with TBI and thirty-five healthy controls were given tasks assessing their ability to comprehend and produce sincere, deceitful and ironic communicative acts belonging to the linguistic and extralinguistic scales of the Assessment Battery for Communication (ABaCo), together with a series of EF and ToM tasks. The results showed that, when compared to healthy individuals, participants with TBI performed poorly overall in the comprehension and production of all the pragmatic phenomena investigated, (i.e., sincere, deceitful and ironic communicative acts), and they also exhibited impaired performance at the level of all the cognitive functions examined. Individuals with TBI also showed a decreasing trend in performance in dealing with sincere, deceitful and ironic communicative acts, on both the comprehension and production subscales of the linguistic and extralinguistic scales. Furthermore, a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that - in patients with TBI but not in the controls - EF had a significant effect on the comprehension of linguistic and extralinguistic irony only, while the percentage of explained variance increased with the inclusion of theory of mind. Indeed, ToM had a significant role in determining patients' performance in the extralinguistic production of sincere and deceitful communicative acts, linguistic and extralinguistic comprehension of deceit and the linguistic production of irony. However, with regard to the performance of patients with TBI in the various pragmatic tasks investigated, (i.e., sincere, deceitful and ironic communicative acts), EF was able to explain the pattern of patients' scores in the linguistic and extralinguistic comprehension but not in production ability. Furthermore, ToM seemed not to be able to explain the decreasing trend in the performance of patients in managing the various kinds of communicative acts investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Bosco
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy; Institute of neuroscience of Turin, Italy
| | - I Gabbatore
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy; Child Language Research Center, Research Unit of Logopedics, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - R Angeleri
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - A Parola
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy
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Gauthier S, LeBlanc J, Seresova A, Laberge-Poirier A, A Correa J, Alturki AY, Marcoux J, Maleki M, Feyz M, de Guise E. Acute prediction of outcome and cognitive-communication impairments following traumatic brain injury: The influence of age, education and site of lesion. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2018; 73:77-90. [PMID: 29709658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication impairment following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been well documented, yet information regarding communication skills in the acute period following the injury is limited in the literature. Also, little is known about the influence of TBI severity (mild, moderate or severe) on cognitive-communication impairments and how these impairments are related to short-term functional outcome. The goal of this study was to assess the performance of adults with mild, moderate and severe TBI on different language tests and to determine how this performance is related to functional capacity. We also aimed to explore which variables among age, sex, education, TBI severity and site of cerebral damage would predict initial language impairments. METHODS Several language tests were administered to a sample of 145 adult patients with TBI of a range of severities admitted to an acute care service and to 113 healthy participants from the community. RESULTS TBI patients of a range of severities performed poorly on all language tests in comparison to the healthy controls. In addition, patients with mild TBI performed better than the moderate and severe groups, except on the reading test and on the semantic naming test. In addition, their performance on verbal fluency, conversational discourse and procedural discourse tasks predicted acute functional outcome. Finally, age, education and TBI severity and site of lesion predicted some language performance. A left temporal lesion was associated with poorer performance in conversational discourse and auditory comprehension tasks, a left frontal lesion with a decrease in the verbal fluency results and a right parietal lesion with decreased auditory comprehension and reasoning skills. CONCLUSION Health care professionals working in the acute care setting should be aware of the possible presence of cognitive-communication impairments in patients with TBI, even for those with mild TBI. These deficits can lead to functional communication problems and assistance may be required for tasks frequently encountered in acute care requiring intact comprehension and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gauthier
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montréal, Canada
| | - Joanne LeBlanc
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program-McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alena Seresova
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program-McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - José A Correa
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Y Alturki
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, the National Neuroscience Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Judith Marcoux
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mohammed Maleki
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mitra Feyz
- Traumatic Brain Injury Program-McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elaine de Guise
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, the National Neuroscience Institute, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada.
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MacDonald S. Introducing the model of cognitive-communication competence: A model to guide evidence-based communication interventions after brain injury. Brain Inj 2017; 31:1760-1780. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1379613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila MacDonald
- Adjunct Lecturer, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Owner, Sheila MacDonald & Associates, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Rowley DA, Rogish M, Alexander T, Riggs KJ. Cognitive correlates of pragmatic language comprehension in adult traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Brain Inj 2017; 31:1564-1574. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1341645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dane A Rowley
- Clinical Psychology Programme, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Miles Rogish
- Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust, The Disabilities Trust, West Sussex, UK
| | | | - Kevin J Riggs
- Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Thiessen A, Brown J, Beukelman D, Hux K. The effect of human engagement depicted in contextual photographs on the visual attention patterns of adults with traumatic brain injury. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2017; 69:58-71. [PMID: 28783543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Photographs are a frequently employed tool for the rehabilitation of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working with these individuals must select photos that are easily identifiable and meaningful to their clients. In this investigation, we examined the visual attention response to camera- (i.e., depicted human figure looking toward camera) and task-engaged (i.e., depicted human figure looking at and touching an object) contextual photographs for a group of adults with TBI and a group of adults without neurological conditions. Eye-tracking technology served to accurately and objectively measure visual fixations. Although differences were hypothesized given the cognitive deficits associated with TBI, study results revealed little difference in the visual fixation patterns of adults with and without TBI. Specifically, both groups of participants tended to fixate rapidly on the depicted human figure and fixate more on objects in which a human figure was task-engaged than when a human figure was camera-engaged. These results indicate that strategic placement of human figures in a contextual photograph may modify the way in which individuals with TBI visually attend to and interpret photographs. In addition, task-engagement appears to have a guiding effect on visual attention that may be of benefit to SLPs hoping to select more effective contextual photographs for their clients with TBI. Finally, the limited differences in visual attention patterns between individuals with TBI and their age and gender matched peers without neurological impairments indicates that these two groups find similar photograph regions to be worthy of visual fixation. LEARNING OUTCOMES Readers will gain knowledge regarding the photograph selection process for individuals with TBI. In addition, readers will be able to identify camera- and task-engaged photographs and to explain why task-engagement may be a beneficial component of contextual photographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Thiessen
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Houston, 114 Clinical Research Services, Houston, TX 77004, United States.
| | - Jessica Brown
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences at the University of Minnesota, 164 Pillsbury Dr. SE, 115 Shevlin Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - David Beukelman
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 301 Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States
| | - Karen Hux
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 301 Barkley Memorial Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States
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Brown JA, Hux K, Knollman-Porter K, Wallace SE. Use of Visual Cues by Adults With Traumatic Brain Injuries to Interpret Explicit and Inferential Information. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2016; 31:E32-41. [PMID: 26098256 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Concomitant visual and cognitive impairments following traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) may be problematic when the visual modality serves as a primary source for receiving information. Further difficulties comprehending visual information may occur when interpretation requires processing inferential rather than explicit content. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy with which people with and without severe TBI interpreted information in contextually rich drawings. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen adults with and 15 adults without severe TBI. DESIGN Repeated-measures between-groups design. MAIN MEASURES Participants were asked to match images to sentences that either conveyed explicit (ie, main action or background) or inferential (ie, physical or mental inference) information. The researchers compared accuracy between participant groups and among stimulus conditions. RESULTS Participants with TBI demonstrated significantly poorer accuracy than participants without TBI extracting information from images. In addition, participants with TBI demonstrated significantly higher response accuracy when interpreting explicit rather than inferential information; however, no significant difference emerged between sentences referencing main action versus background information or sentences providing physical versus mental inference information for this participant group. CONCLUSIONS Difficulties gaining information from visual environmental cues may arise for people with TBI given their difficulties interpreting inferential content presented through the visual modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Brown
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska (Dr Brown, Dr Hux); Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio (Dr Knollman-Porter); and Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Duquesne University, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania (Dr Wallace)
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Bosco FM, Angeleri R, Sacco K, Bara BG. Explaining pragmatic performance in traumatic brain injury: a process perspective on communicative errors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2015; 50:63-83. [PMID: 25039503 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to investigate the pragmatic abilities of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Several studies in the literature have previously reported communicative deficits in individuals with TBI, however such research has focused principally on communicative deficits in general, without providing an analysis of the errors committed in understanding and expressing communicative acts. Within the theoretical framework of Cognitive Pragmatics theory and Cooperative principle we focused on intermediate communicative errors that occur in both the comprehension and the production of various pragmatic phenomena, expressed through both linguistic and extralinguistic communicative modalities. AIMS To investigate the pragmatic abilities of individuals with TBI. METHODS & PROCEDURES A group of 30 individuals with TBI and a matched control group took part in the experiment. They were presented with a series of videotaped vignettes depicting everyday communicative exchanges, and were tested on the comprehension and production of various kinds of communicative acts (standard communicative act, deceit and irony). The participants' answers were evaluated as correct or incorrect. Incorrect answers were then further evaluated with regard to the presence of different intermediate errors. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Individuals with TBI performed worse than control participants on all the tasks investigated when considering correct versus incorrect answers. Furthermore, a series of logistic regression analyses showed that group membership (TBI versus controls) significantly predicted the occurrence of intermediate errors. This result holds in both the comprehension and production tasks, and in both linguistic and extralinguistic modalities. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Participants with TBI tend to have difficulty in managing different types of communicative acts, and they make more intermediate errors than the control participants. Intermediate errors concern the comprehension and production of the expression act, the comprehension of the actors' meaning, as well as the respect of the Cooperative principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M Bosco
- Center for Cognitive Science, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Coy AE, Perrin PB, Stevens LF, Hubbard R, Díaz Sosa DM, Espinosa Jove IG, Arango-Lasprilla JC. Moderated Mediation Path Analysis of Mexican Traumatic Brain Injury Patient Social Functioning, Family Functioning, and Caregiver Mental Health. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94:362-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.08.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Duff MC, Mutlu B, Byom L, Turkstra LS. Beyond utterances: distributed cognition as a framework for studying discourse in adults with acquired brain injury. Semin Speech Lang 2012; 33:44-54. [PMID: 22362323 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1301162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Considerable effort has been directed at understanding the nature of the communicative deficits observed in individuals with acquired brain injuries. Yet several theoretical, methodological, and clinical challenges remain. In this article, we examine distributed cognition as a framework for understanding interaction among communication partners, interaction of communication and cognition, and interaction with the environments and contexts of everyday language use. We review the basic principles of distributed cognition and the implications for applying this approach to the study of discourse in individuals with cognitive-communication disorders. We also review a range of protocols and findings from our research that highlight how the distributed cognition approach might offer a deeper understanding of communicative mechanisms and deficits in individuals with cognitive communication impairments. The advantages and implications of distributed cognition as a framework for studying discourse in adults with acquired brain injury are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Duff
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, 250 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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