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Chon SJ, Choi YR, Roh YH, Yun BH, Cho S, Choi YS, Lee BS, Seo SK. Association between levels of serum ferritin and bone mineral density in Korean premenopausal and postmenopausal women: KNHANES 2008-2010. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114972. [PMID: 25522357 PMCID: PMC4270774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As women go through menopause, serum estrogen decreases and ferritin increases. Decreased serum estrogen is well known to cause detrimental effects on bone health; however, data on the associations of serum ferritin with BMD before and after menopause are still lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum ferritin levels and BMD in premenopausal and postmenopausal Korean women. METHODS This study was performed using data from the 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including 7300 women (4229 premenopausal and 3071 postmenopausal). BMD was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry at the femur and the lumbar spine, and serum ferritin levels were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. RESULTS Median serum ferritin levels in postmenopausal women were higher than those in premenopausal women despite the same age ranges. Serum ferritin levels were only significantly correlated with BMD on the lumbar spine (β = -0.189, p-value = 0.005) in premenopausal women after adjusting confounding factors. Additionally, BMD on the lumbar spine had tended to decrease as serum ferritin quartiles increase (P for trend = 0.035) in premenopausal women after adjusting confounding factors. On the other hand, there were no significant associations between serum ferritin levels and BMD on the total femur and, femur neck in premenopausal women, and BMD on the total femur, femur neck, and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION Increased serum ferritin levels were significantly associated with BMD in premenopausal women, particularly on the lumbar spine, but not in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joo Chon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Rak Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ho Roh
- Department of Biostatistics Collaboration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Hyon Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SiHyun Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Seok Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kyo Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Noetzli LJ, Panigrahy A, Hyderi A, Dongelyan A, Coates TD, Wood JC. Pituitary iron and volume imaging in healthy controls. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:259-65. [PMID: 22081683 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with transfusional iron overload develop iron deposits in the pituitary gland, which are associated with volume loss and HH. The purpose of this study was to characterize R2 and volumetric data in a healthy population for diagnostic use in patients with transfusional iron overload. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred healthy controls without iron overload between the ages of 2 and 48 were recruited to have MR imaging of the brain to assess their pituitary R2 and volume. Pituitary R2 was assessed with a 8-echo spin-echo sequence, and pituitary volumes, by a 3D spoiled gradient-echo sequence with 1-mm(3) resolution. A 2-component continuous piecewise linear approximation was used for creating volumetric and R2 nomograms. Equations were generated from regression relationships for convenient z-score calculation. RESULTS Pituitary R2 rose weakly with age (r(2) = 0.19, P < .0001). Anterior and total pituitary volumes increased steadily up to 18 years of age, after which volume slightly decreased. Females had larger pituitary glands, most likely representing their larger lactotroph population. CONCLUSIONS From these data, a clinician can calculate the z scores for R2 and pituitary volume in patients with iron overload. Normal ranges are well-differentiated from values previously associated with endocrine disease in transfusional siderosis; this finding suggests that preclinical iron overload can be recognized and appropriately treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Noetzli
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA
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