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Maeda-Yamamoto M, Honmou O, Sasaki M, Haseda A, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Shoji T, Namioka A, Namioka T, Magota H, Oka S, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Ukai R, Takemura M, Nishihira J. The Impact of Purple-Flesh Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. "Shadow Queen" on Minor Health Complaints in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122446. [PMID: 35745176 PMCID: PMC9227939 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purple-flesh potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar "Shadow Queen" (SQ) naturally contains anthocyanins. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study determines whether ingesting purple potatoes increases the number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and improves stress response, a minor health complaint in healthy adults (registration number: UMIN000038876). A total of 15 healthy subjects (ages: 50-70 years) with minor health complaints were randomly assigned to one of two groups. For 8 weeks, the placebo group received placebo potatoes cv. "Haruka" and the test group received test potato cv. SQ containing 45 mg anthocyanin. The MSC count and several stress responses were analyzed at weeks 0 and 8 of the intake periods. The ingestion of a SQ potato did not affect the MSC count but markedly improved psychological stress response, irritability, and depression as minor health complaints compared with "Haruka". No adverse effects were noted. Hence, an 8-week intake of SQ could improve stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Maeda-Yamamoto
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-838-8800
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Akane Haseda
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-0832, Japan; (A.H.); (H.K.-K.); (J.N.)
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-0832, Japan; (A.H.); (H.K.-K.); (J.N.)
| | - Toshihiko Shoji
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan;
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Hirotoshi Magota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Ryou Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Mitsuhiro Takemura
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (O.H.); (M.S.); (A.N.); (T.N.); (H.M.); (S.O.); (Y.K.-S.); (R.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-0832, Japan; (A.H.); (H.K.-K.); (J.N.)
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Mattioli R, Francioso A, Mosca L, Silva P. Anthocyanins: A Comprehensive Review of Their Chemical Properties and Health Effects on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:E3809. [PMID: 32825684 PMCID: PMC7504512 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble flavonoids widely present in fruits and vegetables. Dietary sources of anthocyanins include red and purple berries, grapes, apples, plums, cabbage, or foods containing high levels of natural colorants. Cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, and pelargonidin are the six common anthocyanidins. Following consumption, anthocyanin, absorption occurs along the gastrointestinal tract, the distal lower bowel being the place where most of the absorption and metabolism occurs. In the intestine, anthocyanins first undergo extensive microbial catabolism followed by absorption and human phase II metabolism. This produces hybrid microbial-human metabolites which are absorbed and subsequently increase the bioavailability of anthocyanins. Health benefits of anthocyanins have been widely described, especially in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that health-promoting effects attributed to anthocyanins may also be related to modulation of gut microbiota. In this paper we attempt to provide a comprehensive view of the state-of-the-art literature on anthocyanins, summarizing recent findings on their chemistry, biosynthesis, nutritional value and on their effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mattioli
- Department of Sciences, RomaTre University, v.le G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, p.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paula Silva
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n°228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Furuuchi R, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Hayashi Y, Ikegami R, Suda M, Katsuumi G, Wakasugi T, Nakao M, Minamino T. Boysenberry polyphenol inhibits endothelial dysfunction and improves vascular health. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202051. [PMID: 30106986 PMCID: PMC6091942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells have an important role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Age-related disorders (including obesity, diabetes, and hypertension) or aging per se induce endothelial dysfunction that predisposes to the development of atherosclerosis. Polyphenols have been reported to suppress age-related endothelial cell disorders, but their role in vascular function is yet to be determined. We investigated the influence of boysenberry polyphenol on vascular health under metabolic stress in a murine model of dietary obesity. We found that administration of boysenberry polyphenol suppressed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased production of nitric oxide (NO) in the aorta. It has been reported that p53 induces cellular senescence and has a crucial role in age-related disorders, including heart failure and diabetes. Administration of boysenberry polyphenol significantly reduced the endothelial p53 level in the aorta and ameliorated endothelial cell dysfunction in iliac arteries under metabolic stress. Boysenberry polyphenol also reduced ROS and p53 levels in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while increasing NO production. Uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS monomer) is known to promote ROS production. We found that boysenberry polyphenol reduced eNOS monomer levels both in vivo and in vitro, along with an increase of eNOS dimerization. To investigate the components of boysenberry polyphenol mediating these favorable biological effects, we extracted the anthocyanin fractions. We found that anthocyanins contributed to suppression of ROS and p53, in association with increased NO production and eNOS dimerization. In an ex vivo study, anthocyanins promoted relaxation of iliac arteries from mice with dietary obesity. These findings indicate that boysenberry polyphenol and anthocyanins, a major component of this polyphenol, inhibit endothelial dysfunction and contribute to maintenance of vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Furuuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Bourbon Corporation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Ikegami
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Goro Katsuumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Wakasugi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail: ,
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Concord Grape Juice Polyphenols and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Dose-Response Relationships. Nutrients 2015; 7:10032-52. [PMID: 26633488 PMCID: PMC4690071 DOI: 10.3390/nu7125519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure fruit juices provide nutritional value with evidence suggesting some of their benefits on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk may be derived from their constituent polyphenols, particularly flavonoids. However, few data from clinical trials are available on the dose-response relationship of fruit juice flavonoids to these outcomes. Utilizing the results of clinical trials testing single doses, we have analyzed data from studies of 100% Concord grape juice by placing its flavonoid content in the context of results from randomized clinical trials of other polyphenol-rich foods and beverages describing the same outcomes but covering a broader range of intake. We selected established biomarkers determined by similar methods for measuring flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), blood pressure, platelet aggregation, and the resistance of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) to oxidation. Despite differences among the clinical trials in the treatment, subjects, and duration, correlations were observed between the dose and FMD. Inverse dose-response relationships, albeit with lower correlation coefficients, were also noted for the other outcomes. These results suggest a clear relationship between consumption of even modest serving sizes of Concord grape juice, flavonoid intake, and effects on risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This approach to dose-response relationships may prove useful for testing other individual foods and beverages.
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Aruga N, Toriigahara M, Shibata M, Ishii T, Nakayama T, Osakabe N. Responses to a single dose of different polyphenols on the microcirculation and systemic circulation in rats. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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