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Rawat A, Singh A, Dobbs K, Pala F, Delmonte OM, Vignesh P, Jindal AK, Gupta A, Suri D, Kaur A, Shandilya JK, Sachdeva MUS, Walia M, Regueiro JR, Briones AC, Notarangelo LD, Singh S. Skewed TCR Alpha, but not Beta, Gene Rearrangements and Lymphoma Associated with a Pathogenic TRAC Variant. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1395-1399. [PMID: 33909184 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rawat
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Ankita Singh
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 CRC, Room 5-3950, 10 Centre Drive, MSC 1456, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Francesca Pala
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 CRC, Room 5-3950, 10 Centre Drive, MSC 1456, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 CRC, Room 5-3950, 10 Centre Drive, MSC 1456, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ankur Kumar Jindal
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anju Gupta
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Deepti Suri
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anit Kaur
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Shandilya
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | | | - Mandeep Walia
- Max (SMART) Superspeciality Hospital & Rainbow Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jose R Regueiro
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, imas12 Research Institute, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro C Briones
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, imas12 Research Institute, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 CRC, Room 5-3950, 10 Centre Drive, MSC 1456, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Surjit Singh
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Godfrey DI, Le Nours J, Andrews DM, Uldrich AP, Rossjohn J. Unconventional T Cell Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunity 2018; 48:453-473. [PMID: 29562195 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most studies on the immunotherapeutic potential of T cells have focused on CD8 and CD4 T cells that recognize peptide antigens (Ag) presented by polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II molecules, respectively. However, unconventional T cells, which interact with MHC class Ib and MHC-I like molecules, are also implicated in tumor immunity, although their role therein is unclear. These include unconventional T cells targeting MHC class Ib molecules such as HLA-E and its murine ortholog Qa-1b, natural killer T (NKT) cells, mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and γδ T cells. Here, we review the current understanding of the roles of these unconventional T cells in tumor immunity and discuss why further studies into the immunotherapeutic potential of these cells is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Jérôme Le Nours
- Infection and Immunity Program and The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel M Andrews
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam P Uldrich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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Abstract
During the last few years, our knowledge about the activation and control of non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted innate effector lymphocytes (such as natural killer (NK) cells, NK T cells and gammadelta T cells) has advanced enormously and immunotherapeutic strategies based on these cell types receive more and more attention. Apart from NK cells, several lines of evidence indicate that T cells, which express an alternative T cell receptor (TCR) composed of a CD3-associated gammadelta heterodimer, also contribute to the innate immune defense against tumors. Human gammadelta T cells represent a small subset of T cells (1-10% of peripheral blood T cells) and differ from conventional MHC-restricted ass T cells in recognition of a unique set of antigens ("phosphoantigens") and the lack of requirement of classical antigen-presenting molecules. Besides their role in the innate immune response against pathogens based on the recognition of distinctive microbial metabolic products (metabolites of the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid synthesis), Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells that constitute the dominant fraction of gammadelta T cells in humans exert potent cytotoxic activity, especially against lymphoid malignancies, mediated by as yet only partially determined pathway(s) of tumor recognition. This article will review available evidence from pre-clinical and early clinical studies regarding the contribution of gammadelta T cells in the defense against lymphoid malignancies and highlights some important issues that need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Kunzmann
- Medizinische Poliklinik Wuerzburg, University of Wuerzburg, Klinikstrasse 6-8, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Kabelitz D, Wesch D, Pitters E, Zöller M. Potential of human gammadelta T lymphocytes for immunotherapy of cancer. Int J Cancer 2004; 112:727-32. [PMID: 15386388 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocytes are classified into 2 subsets based on their T-cell receptor (TCR) expression. The vast majority of T cells expresses an alphabeta TCR heterodimer. These alphabeta T cells recognize antigenic peptides presented by MHC class I (for CD8(+) T cells) or MHC class II molecules (for CD4(+) T cells). Concepts of cancer immunotherapy are mostly concerned with activation of these MHC-restricted alphabeta T cells. Until recently, a numerically small subset of T cells, which expresses an alternative TCR composed of a CD3-associated gammadelta heterodimer, has received far less attention as a potential agent in cancer therapy. These gammadelta T cells share with alphabeta T cells certain effector functions such as cytokine production and potent cytotoxic activity but recognize different sets of antigens, usually in a non-MHC-restricted fashion. Different subsets of human gammadelta T cells recognize stress-inducible MHC class I-related molecules frequently expressed on epithelial tumor cells or phosphorylated metabolites which can be generated by tumor cells. In line with this, many tumor cells are highly susceptible to gammadelta T-cell mediated lysis. In our article, we summarize the available evidence for a contribution of human gammadelta T cells in tumor defense and discuss potential strategies for the immunotherapy of tumors based on the endogenous activation and/or adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive gammadelta T lymphocytes.
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