1
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Jin X, Ng V, Zhao M, Liu L, Higashimoto T, Lee ZH, Chung J, Chen V, Ney G, Kandarpa M, Talpaz M, Li Q. Epigenetic downregulation of Socs2 contributes to mutant N-Ras-mediated hematopoietic dysregulation. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:274899. [PMID: 35352806 PMCID: PMC9092650 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS mutations occur in a broad spectrum of human hematopoietic malignancies. Activating Ras mutations in blood cells leads to hematopoietic malignancies in mice. In murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mutant N-RasG12D activates Stat5 to dysregulate stem cell function. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that Stat5 activation induced by a hyperactive Nras mutant, G12D, is dependent on Jak2 activity. Jak2 is activated in Nras mutant HSCs and progenitors (HSPCs), and inhibiting Jak2 with ruxolitinib significantly decreases Stat5 activation and HSPC hyper-proliferation in vivo in NrasG12D mice. Activation of Jak2-Stat5 is associated with downregulation of Socs2, an inhibitory effector of Jak2/Stat5. Restoration of Socs2 blocks NrasG12D HSC reconstitution in bone marrow transplant recipients. SOCS2 downregulation is also observed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells that carry RAS mutations. RAS mutant AML cells exhibited suppression of the enhancer active marker H3K27ac at the SOCS2 locus. Finally, restoration of SOCS2 in RAS mutant AML cells mitigated leukemic growth. Thus, we discovered a novel signaling feedback loop whereby hyperactive Ras signaling activates Jak2/Stat5 via suppression of Socs2. Summary: Jak2/Stat5 is often considered to be parallel to or upstream of Ras signaling. We have discovered a novel signaling feedback loop whereby hyperactive Ras signaling activates Jak2/Stat5 via suppression of Socs2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Victor Ng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tomoyasu Higashimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zheng Hong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jooho Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Victor Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gina Ney
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Malathi Kandarpa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Moshe Talpaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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2
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Egeli DB, Hanfstein B, Lauseker M, Pfirrmann M, Saussele S, Baerlocher GM, Müller MC. SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis does not predict for outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia patients on imatinib treatment. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:955-962. [PMID: 34872441 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis has been suggested as a predictor of clinical outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In this study SOCS-2 and GUS expression levels were determined by real-time PCR in pretherapeutic samples at diagnosis. First, three patient groups were compared after assessment at 48 months: optimal molecular responders (n = 35), patients with resistance to imatinib (n = 28), and blast crisis patients (n = 27). A significant difference in SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis was observed comparing blast crisis vs. resistant patients (p = 0.042) and optimal responders (p = 0.010). Second, a validation sample of consecutively randomized patients (n = 123) was investigated. No discriminative SOCS-2 gene expression cutoff could be derived to predict molecular or cytogenetic response, progression-free or overall survival. Although SOCS-2 gene was differentially expressed at the time of diagnosis in blast crisis patients when compared to other groups, a prognostic impact in consecutively randomized patients was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Buket Egeli
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Benjamin Hanfstein
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Lauseker
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Pfirrmann
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Saussele
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gabriela M Baerlocher
- Department of BioMedical Research and Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Department, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin C Müller
- Institute for Hematology and Oncology (IHO GmbH), Mannheim, Germany
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3
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Sobah ML, Liongue C, Ward AC. SOCS Proteins in Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, and Immune-Related Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727987. [PMID: 34604264 PMCID: PMC8481645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling represents one of the cornerstones of the immune system, mediating the complex responses required to facilitate appropriate immune cell development and function that supports robust immunity. It is crucial that these signals be tightly regulated, with dysregulation underpinning immune defects, including excessive inflammation, as well as contributing to various immune-related malignancies. A specialized family of proteins called suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) participate in negative feedback regulation of cytokine signaling, ensuring it is appropriately restrained. The eight SOCS proteins identified regulate cytokine and other signaling pathways in unique ways. SOCS1–3 and CISH are most closely involved in the regulation of immune-related signaling, influencing processes such polarization of lymphocytes and the activation of myeloid cells by controlling signaling downstream of essential cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. SOCS protein perturbation disrupts these processes resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as malignancies. As a consequence, SOCS proteins are garnering increased interest as a unique avenue to treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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4
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Keewan E, Matlawska-Wasowska K. The Emerging Role of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) in the Development and Progression of Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4000. [PMID: 34439155 PMCID: PMC8393695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are pleiotropic signaling molecules that execute an essential role in cell-to-cell communication through binding to cell surface receptors. Receptor binding activates intracellular signaling cascades in the target cell that bring about a wide range of cellular responses, including induction of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. The Janus kinase and transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways are activated upon cytokines and growth factors binding with their corresponding receptors. The SOCS family of proteins has emerged as a key regulator of cytokine signaling, and SOCS insufficiency leads to constitutive activation of JAK/STAT signaling and oncogenic transformation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression is linked to various solid tumors with invasive properties. However, the roles of SOCS in hematological malignancies, such as leukemia, are less clear. In this review, we discuss the recent advances pertaining to SOCS dysregulation in leukemia development and progression. We also highlight the roles of specific SOCS in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment and their possible involvement in anti-tumor immunity. Finally, we discuss the epigenetic, genetic, and post-transcriptional modifications of SOCS genes during tumorigenesis, with an emphasis on leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra’a Keewan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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5
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Zhang R, Huo CH. Long Noncoding RNA SOCS2-AS Promotes Leukemogenesis in FLT3-ITD+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through miRNA-221. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2925-2934. [PMID: 32308425 PMCID: PMC7148164 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s222734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis and development in tumors, but the function of lncRNA SOCS2-AS in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unknown. Materials and Methods In the present study, we used RT-PCR to detect the expression of SOCS2-AS in FLT3-ITD+, FLT3-ITD- AML patients and different AML cell lines. The colony formation and CCK-8 assay were performed to analyze the proliferation ability, and the flow cytometry was performed to analyze the capacity of apoptosis in Molm-13 and MV4-11 cells. The Western blot was applied to detect the expression of STAT5 and p-STAT5. The RNA pull-down and luciferase activity were used to investigate the interaction between SOCS2-AS and miR-221. Results The results indicate that SOCS2-AS shows overexpression in FLT3-ITD+ AML patients compared to FLT3-ITD- AML patients. Si-SOCS2-AS can inhibit the proliferation, boost the apoptosis and induce the cycle arrest in Molm-13 cells, and SOCS2-AS overexpression promotes proliferation and colony formation in MV4-11 cells. The miR-221 shows overexpression in FLT3-ITD+ AML patients compared to FLT3-ITD- AML patients. And the expression level of miR-221 and SOCS2-AS shows negative correlation in FLT3-ITD+ AML patients. Functionally, SOCS2-AS could be interacted with miR-221 in AML cells. After SOCS2-AS knockdown, the phosphorylation level of STAT5 was significantly decreased. Moreover, miR-221 inhibitor can rescue the viability in cells after si-SOCS2-AS transfection. And it is stated that SOCS2-AS regulates the STAT5 signal transduction pathway with sponging miR-221. Conclusion In conclusion, this study confirms the molecular mechanism of SOCS2-AS in AML by targeting the miR-221/STAT5 signaling pathway. This indicates SOCS2-AS may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Hong Huo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin 719000, People's Republic of China
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6
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Yang Z, Shang J, Li N, Zhang L, Tang T, Tian G, Chen X. Development and validation of a 10-gene prognostic signature for acute myeloid leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4510-4523. [PMID: 32150667 PMCID: PMC7176885 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the most common type of adult acute leukaemia and has a poor prognosis. Thus, optimal risk stratification is of greatest importance for reasonable choice of treatment and prognostic evaluation. For our study, a total of 1707 samples of AML patients from three public databases were divided into meta-training, meta-testing and validation sets. The meta-training set was used to build risk prediction model, and the other four data sets were employed for validation. By log-rank test and univariate COX regression analysis as well as LASSO-COX, AML patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on AML risk score (AMLRS) which was constituted by 10 survival-related genes. In meta-training, meta-testing and validation sets, the patient in the low-risk group all had a significantly longer OS (overall survival) than those in the high-risk group (P < .001), and the area under ROC curve (AUC) by time-dependent ROC was 0.5854-0.7905 for 1 year, 0.6652-0.8066 for 3 years and 0.6622-0.8034 for 5 years. Multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that AMLRS was an independent prognostic factor in four data sets. Nomogram combining the AMLRS and two clinical parameters performed well in predicting 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS. Finally, we created a web-based prognostic model to predict the prognosis of AML patients (https://tcgi.shinyapps.io/amlrs_nomogram/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyi Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyan Tian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Sarajlic M, Neuper T, Föhrenbach Quiroz KT, Michelini S, Vetter J, Schaller S, Horejs-Hoeck J. IL-1β Induces SOCS2 Expression in Human Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235931. [PMID: 31775389 PMCID: PMC6928683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate immunity and inflammation and respond to various stimuli, including cytokines. IL-1β is a key cytokine in the course of both acute and chronic inflammatory responses, making it indispensable for protection of the host, but also linking it to several diseases. Thus, IL-1β signaling must be tightly regulated. As suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins effectively control immune responses, we investigated the role of SOCS2 in IL-1β-induced DC activation. Human monocyte-derived DCs were stimulated with IL-1β, and SOCS2 mRNA and protein levels were measured. DC activation was assessed by cytokine secretion and surface marker expression. For functional analysis, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based SOCS2 silencing was performed. SOCS2 expression was also analyzed in a curated NCBI GEO dataset of myeloid leukemia patients. We found IL-1β to be a potent inducer of SOCS2 expression. By silencing SOCS2, we showed that SOCS2 specifically limits IL-1β-induced IL-8 secretion. Moreover, our analysis revealed that SOCS2 levels are significantly increased in patients with acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, two hematological malignancies where disease progression is closely linked to IL-1β. This study identifies SOCS2 as a novel IL-1β-inducible target gene and points toward a potential role of SOCS2 in IL-1β-mediated DC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muamera Sarajlic
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.S.); (T.N.); (K.T.F.Q.); (S.M.)
| | - Theresa Neuper
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.S.); (T.N.); (K.T.F.Q.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Sara Michelini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.S.); (T.N.); (K.T.F.Q.); (S.M.)
| | - Julia Vetter
- Bioinformatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4232 Hagenberg im Muehlkreis, Austria; (J.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Susanne Schaller
- Bioinformatics Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4232 Hagenberg im Muehlkreis, Austria; (J.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (M.S.); (T.N.); (K.T.F.Q.); (S.M.)
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg (CCS), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
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8
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A six-gene leukemic stem cell score identifies high risk pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2019; 34:735-745. [PMID: 31645648 PMCID: PMC7135934 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, mRNA-expression signature enriched in LSCs was used to create a 17-gene leukemic stem cell (LSC17) score predictive of prognosis in adult AML. By fitting a Cox-LASSO regression model to the clinical outcome and gene-expression levels of LSC enriched genes in 163 pediatric participants of the AML02 multi-center clinical trial (NCT00136084), we developed a 6-gene LSC score of prognostic value in pediatric AML (pLSC6). In the AML02 cohort, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) of patients within low-pLSC6 group (n=97) was 78.3 (95% CI=70.5–86.9%) as compared to 34.5(95% CI=24.7–48.2 %) in patients within high-pLSC6 group (n=66 subjects), p<0.00001. pLSC6 remained significantly associated with EFS and overall survival (OS) after adjusting for induction 1-MRD status, risk-group, FLT3-status, WBC-count at diagnosis and age. pLSC6 formula developed in the AML02 cohort was validated in the pediatric AML-TARGET project data (n=205), confirming its prognostic value in both single-predictor and multiple-predictor Cox regression models. In both cohorts, pLSC6 predicted outcome of transplant patients, suggesting it as a useful criterion for transplant referrals. Our results suggest that pLSC6 score holds promise in redefining initial risk-stratification and identifying poor risk AML thereby providing guidance for developing novel treatment strategies.
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9
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High expression of RUNX1 is associated with poorer outcomes in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15828-39. [PMID: 26910834 PMCID: PMC4941280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on its expression level, RUNX1 can act as a tumor promoter or suppressor in hematological malignancies. The clinical impact of RUNX1 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) remained unknown, however. We evaluated the prognostic significance of RUNX1 expression using several public microarray datasets. In the testing group (n = 157), high RUNX1 expression (RUNX1high) was associated with poorer overall survival (OS; P = 0.0025) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0025) than low RUNX1 expression (RUNX1low). In addition, the prognostic significance of RUNX1 was confirmed using European Leukemia Net (ELN) genetic categories and multivariable analysis, which was further validated using a second independent CN-AML cohort (n = 162, OS; P = 0.03953). To better understand the mechanisms of RUNX1, we investigated genome-wide gene/microRNAs expression signatures and cell signaling pathways associated with RUNX1 expression status. Several known oncogenes/oncogenic microRNAs and cell signaling pathways were all up-regulated, while some anti-oncogenes and molecules of immune activation were down-regulated in RUNX1high CN-AML patients. These findings suggest RUNX1high is a prognostic biomarker of unfavorable outcome in CN-AML, which is supported by the distinctive gene/microRNA signatures and cell signaling pathways.
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10
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Fu L, Fu H, Wu Q, Pang Y, Xu K, Zhou L, Qiao J, Ke X, Xu K, Shi J. High expression of ETS2 predicts poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia and may guide treatment decisions. J Transl Med 2017; 15:159. [PMID: 28724426 PMCID: PMC5518161 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ETS2 is a downstream effector of the RAS/RAF/ERK pathway, which plays a critical role in the development of malignant tumor. However, the clinical impact of ETS2 expression in AML remains unknown. Methods In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of ETS2 expression using two relatively large cohorts of AML patients. Results In the first cohort, compared to low expression of ETS2 (ETS2low), high expression of ETS2 (ETS2high) showed significant shorter OS, EFS and RFS in the current treatments including the allogeneic HCT group (n = 72) and the chemotherapy group (n = 100). Notably, among ETS2high patients, those received allogeneic HCT had longer OS, EFS and RFS than those with chemotherapy alone (allogeneic HCT, n = 39 vs. chemotherapy, n = 47), but treatment modules play insignificant role in the survival of ETS2low patients (allogeneic HCT, n = 33 vs. chemotherapy, n = 53). Moreover, gene/microRNA expression data provides insights into the biological changes associated with varying ETS2 expression levels in AML. The prognostic value of ETS2 was further validated in the second AML cohort (n = 329). Conclusions Our results indicate that ETS2high is a poor prognostic factor in AML and may guide treatment decisions towards allogeneic HCT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1260-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Huaping Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Qingyun Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yifan Pang
- Department of Medicine, Wil-liam Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Keman Xu
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Kailin Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Department of Medical Big Data, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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11
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Shi JL, Fu L, Ang Q, Wang GJ, Zhu J, Wang WD. Overexpression of ATP1B1 predicts an adverse prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2585-95. [PMID: 26506237 PMCID: PMC4823057 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP1B1 encodes the Na,K-ATPase β subunit, a key regulator of the Na+ and K+ electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane and an essential regulator of cellular activity. We used several microarray datasets to test the prognostic efficacy of ATP1B1 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). Within the primary cohort (n = 157), high ATP1B1 expression (ATP1B1high) was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) (P = 0.0068, P = 0.0039, respectively). Similar results were also obtained in the European Leukemia Net (ELN) Intermediate-I genetic category (OS: P = 0.0035, EFS: P = 0.0007). Multivariable analyses confirmed ATP1B1high is an independent predictor of shorter OS (P = 0.042) and EFS (P = 0.035). Analysis of another CN-AML cohort confirmed that ATP1B1high is associated with shorter OS (P = 0.0046, n = 162). In addition, up-regulation of oncogenes/onco-microRNAs such as MYCN, CCND2, CDK6, KIT and miR-155, among others, was associated with ATP1B1high, which may be indicative of ATP1B1's leukemogenicity. Our results may improve risk stratification and indicate new therapeutic targets for CN-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-long Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-jing Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-dong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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High expression of MAP7 predicts adverse prognosis in young patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34546. [PMID: 27686215 PMCID: PMC5043276 DOI: 10.1038/srep34546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) plays an important role in cancer cells. In this study, we identified the prognostic significance of MAP7 expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) patients (aged <60 years) based on several microarray datasets. In the first group (n = 129), high MAP7 expression (MAP7high) was associated with adverse overall survival (OS; P = 0.0441) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0114) compared with low MAP7 expression (MAP7low). In addition, the prognostic significance of MAP7 was confirmed by European Leukemia Net (ELN) intermediate-I genetic categories and multivariable analysis. In the second independent group of CN-AML patients (aged <60 years), MAP7high was also associated with adverse OS (n = 88, OS; P = 0.00811). To understand the inherent mechanisms of MAP7's prognosis, we investigated genome-wide gene/microRNA expression signatures associated with MAP7 expression. Several known oncogenic genes/microRNAs and anti-oncogenic genes/microRNAs were disordered in MAP7high CN-AML patients. In conclusion, MAP7high is an adverse prognostic biomarker for CN-AML, which may be attributed to the distinctive genome-wide gene/microRNA expression and related cell signaling pathways.
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Laszlo GS, Alonzo TA, Gudgeon CJ, Harrington KH, Kentsis A, Gerbing RB, Wang YC, Ries RE, Raimondi SC, Hirsch BA, Gamis AS, Meshinchi S, Walter RB. High expression of myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) is associated with adverse-risk features and poor outcome in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:115. [PMID: 26487643 PMCID: PMC4618184 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have identified myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) as cooperating oncogene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and suggested a contribution to the aggressive nature of at least some subtypes of AML, raising the possibility that MEF2C could serve as marker of poor-risk AML and, therefore, have prognostic significance. Methods To test this hypothesis, we retrospectively quantified MEF2C expression in pretreatment bone marrow specimens in participants of the AAML0531 trial by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and correlated expression levels with disease characteristics and clinical outcome. Results In all 751 available patient specimens, MEF2C messenger RNA (mRNA) was detectable and varied >3000-fold relative to β-glucuronidase. Patients with the highest relative MEF2C expression (4th quartile) less likely achieved a complete remission after one course of chemotherapy than the other patients (67 vs. 78 %, P = 0.005). They also had an inferior overall survival (P = 0.014; at 5 years 55 ± 8 vs. 67 ± 4 %), inferior event-free survival (P < 0.001; at 5 years 38 ± 7 vs. 54 ± 4 %), and higher relapse risk than patients within the lower 3 quartiles of MEF2C expression (P < 0.001; at 5 years 53 ± 9 vs. 35 ± 5 %). These differences were accounted for by lower prevalence of cytogenetically/molecularly defined low-risk disease (16 vs. 46 %, P < 0.001) and higher prevalence of standard-risk disease (68 vs. 42 %, P < 0.001) in patients with high MEF2C expression, suggesting that MEF2C cooperates with additional pathogenic abnormalities. Conclusions High MEF2C expression identifies a subset of AML patients with adverse-risk disease features and poor outcome. With confirmation that high MEF2C mRNA expression leads to overexpression of MEF2C protein, these findings provide the rationale for therapeutic targeting of MEF2C transcriptional activation in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Laszlo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Todd A Alonzo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Chelsea J Gudgeon
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Kimberly H Harrington
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Alex Kentsis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Rhonda E Ries
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Susana C Raimondi
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Betsy A Hirsch
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alan S Gamis
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.,Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roland B Walter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, D2-190, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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14
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Viny AD, Ott CJ, Spitzer B, Rivas M, Meydan C, Papalexi E, Yelin D, Shank K, Reyes J, Chiu A, Romin Y, Boyko V, Thota S, Maciejewski JP, Melnick A, Bradner JE, Levine RL. Dose-dependent role of the cohesin complex in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. J Exp Med 2015; 212:1819-32. [PMID: 26438361 PMCID: PMC4612085 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohesin complex members have recently been identified as putative tumor suppressors in hematologic and epithelial malignancies. The cohesin complex guides chromosome segregation; however, cohesin mutant leukemias do not show genomic instability. We hypothesized that reduced cohesin function alters chromatin structure and disrupts cis-regulatory architecture of hematopoietic progenitors. We investigated the consequences of Smc3 deletion in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Biallelic Smc3 loss induced bone marrow aplasia with premature sister chromatid separation and revealed an absolute requirement for cohesin in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. In contrast, Smc3 haploinsufficiency increased self-renewal in vitro and in vivo, including competitive transplantation. Smc3 haploinsufficiency reduced coordinated transcriptional output, including reduced expression of transcription factors and other genes associated with lineage commitment. Smc3 haploinsufficiency cooperated with Flt3-ITD to induce acute leukemia in vivo, with potentiated Stat5 signaling and altered nucleolar topology. These data establish a dose dependency for cohesin in regulating chromatin structure and HSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Viny
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Christopher J Ott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Barbara Spitzer
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Martin Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Efthymia Papalexi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Dana Yelin
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 Department of Medicine, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikvah 49100, Israel
| | - Kaitlyn Shank
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jaime Reyes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - April Chiu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Yevgeniy Romin
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Vitaly Boyko
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Swapna Thota
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Ari Melnick
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - James E Bradner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Molecular Cytology Core Facility, and Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
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15
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Laszlo GS, Alonzo TA, Gudgeon CJ, Harrington KH, Gerbing RB, Wang YC, Ries RE, Raimondi SC, Hirsch BA, Gamis AS, Meshinchi S, Walter RB. Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) as Novel Adverse Marker in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3187-95. [PMID: 25825478 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exploratory gene expression array analyses suggested multimerin-1 (MMRN1) to be a predictive biomarker in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Following up on these studies, we evaluated the role of MMRN1 expression as outcome predictor in two recent Children's Oncology Group trials. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We retrospectively quantified MMRN1 expression in 183 participants of AAML03P1 and 750 participants of AAML0531 by reverse-transcriptase PCR and correlated expression levels with disease characteristics and clinical outcome. RESULTS In AAML03P1, the highest quartile of MMRN1 expression (expression ≥0.5 relative to β-glucuronidase; n = 45) was associated with inferior event-free survival (EFS; P < 0.002) and higher relapse risk (P < 0.004). In AAML0531, in which we quantified MMRN1 mRNA for validation, patients with relative MMRN1 expression ≥0.5 (n = 160) less likely achieved remission (67% vs. 77%, P = 0.006), and more frequently had minimal residual disease (43% vs. 24%, P = 0.001) after one induction course. They had inferior overall survival (OS; 44% ± 9% vs. 69% ± 4% at 5 years; P < 0.001) and EFS (32% ± 8% vs. 54% ± 4% at 5 years; P < 0.001) and higher relapse risk (57% ± 10% vs. 35% ± 5% at 5 years; P < 0.001). These differences were partly attributable to the fact that patients with high MMRN1 expression less likely had cytogenetic/molecular low-risk disease (P < 0.001) than those with low MMRN1 expression. Nevertheless, after multivariable adjustment, high MMRN1 expression remained statistically significantly associated with shorter OS (HR, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.12; P = 0.003) and EFS (HR, 1.34; 1.04-1.73; P = 0.025), and higher relapse risk (HR, 1.40; 1.01-1.94; P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Together, our studies identify MMRN1 expression as a novel biomarker that may refine AML risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Laszlo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Todd A Alonzo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California
| | - Chelsea J Gudgeon
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kimberly H Harrington
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Rhonda E Ries
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Susana C Raimondi
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California. Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Betsy A Hirsch
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alan S Gamis
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Roland B Walter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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