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Jiang YL, Chen BL, Yan XK, Xu Y, Zhao CC, Chen ZL, Wang P, Zhang JP, Skibsted LH. Conjugation Length Dependence of Free Radical Scavenging Efficiency of Retinal and Retinylisoflavonoid Homologues. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13770-13776. [PMID: 32566842 PMCID: PMC7301560 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinal (C20) and the C25 and C30 homologues were compared as radical scavengers together with their C22, C27, and C32 homologues linked with daidzein through a B'3 (isoflavonoid) to oxo-carbon (aldehyde) covalent bond. Oxidation potential in acetonitrile determined by cyclic voltammetry and ionization potential calculated by density functional theory for the aldehydes and dyads (conjugates), of which the two longer are new, decreased linearly with the wavenumber for absorption maximum. The logarithm of the second-order rate constant for scavenging of the ABTS•+ increased linearly with decreasing oxidation potential suggesting that longer conjugation in the antioxidant increases the rate of electron transfer. A similar linear free energy relationship was found for the rate of scavenging DPPH•, including daidzein, which may indicate involvement of hydrogen atom transfer from an isoflavonoid phenol. Prediction of radical scavenging efficiency from visible absorption spectra was demonstrated with the perspective of rational design of bifunctional amphiphilic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Lin Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Bai-Ling Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Chen-Chen Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zi-Li Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Leif H. Skibsted
- Department
of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg C, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
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Línzembold I, Czett D, Böddi K, Kurtán T, Király SB, Gulyás-Fekete G, Takátsy A, Lóránd T, Deli J, Agócs A, Nagy V. Study on the Synthesis, Antioxidant Properties, and Self-Assembly of Carotenoid-Flavonoid Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:E636. [PMID: 32024181 PMCID: PMC7038153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and carotenoids possess beneficial physiological effects, such as high antioxidant capacity, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as protective effects against UV light. The covalent coupling of hydrophobic carotenoids with hydrophilic flavonoids, such as daidzein and chrysin, was achieved, resulting in new amphipathic structures. 7-Azidohexyl ethers of daidzein and chrysin were prepared in five steps, and their azide-alkyne [4 + 2] cycloaddition with pentynoates of 8'-apo-β-carotenol, zeaxanthin, and capsanthin afforded carotenoid-flavonoid conjugates. The trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity against ABTS•+ radical cation and self-assembly of the final products were examined. The 1:1 flavonoid-carotenoid hybrids generally showed higher antioxidant activity than their parent flavonoids but lower than that of the corresponding carotenoids. The diflavonoid hybrids of zeaxanthin and capsanthin, however, were found to exhibit a synergistic enhancement in antioxidant capacities. ECD (electronic circular dichroism) and UV-vis analysis of zeaxanthin-flavonoid conjugates revealed that they form different optically active J-aggregates in acetone/water and tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures depending on the solvent ratio and type of the applied aprotic polar solvent, while the capsanthin derivatives showed no self-assembly. The zeaxanthin bis-triazole conjugates with daidzein and with chrysin, differing only in the position of a phenolic hydroxyl group, showed significantly different aggregation profile upon the addition of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Línzembold
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Dalma Czett
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Katalin Böddi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (S.B.K.)
| | - Sándor Balázs Király
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (S.B.K.)
| | - Gergely Gulyás-Fekete
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Anikó Takátsy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Tamás Lóránd
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - József Deli
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Agócs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Veronika Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
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Papa TBR, Pinho VD, Nascimento ESPD, Santos WG, Burtoloso ACB, Skibsted LH, Cardoso DR. Astaxanthin diferulate as a bifunctional antioxidant. Free Radic Res 2014; 49:102-11. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.982112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hu F, Jia ZY, Liang R, Wang P, Ai XC, Zhang JP, Skibsted LH. β-Carotene as a Membrane Antioxidant Probed by Cholesterol-Anchored Daidzein. J Food Sci 2014; 79:C1688-94. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yu Jia
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Ran Liang
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Xi-Cheng Ai
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Dept. of Chemistry; Renmin Univ. of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Leif H. Skibsted
- Food Chemistry; Dept. of Food Science; Univ. of Copenhagen; Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C Denmark
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