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Zhang Y, Yuan Q, Muzzammil HM, Gao G, Xu Y. Image-guided prostate biopsy robots: A review. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:15135-15166. [PMID: 37679175 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) in men is increasing year by year. So, the early diagnosis of PCa is of great significance. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy is a common method for diagnosing PCa. The biopsy process is performed manually by urologists but the diagnostic rate is only 20%-30% and its reliability and accuracy can no longer meet clinical needs. The image-guided prostate biopsy robot has the advantages of a high degree of automation, does not rely on the skills and experience of operators, reduces the work intensity and operation time of urologists and so on. Capable of delivering biopsy needles to pre-defined biopsy locations with minimal needle placement errors, it makes up for the shortcomings of traditional free-hand biopsy and improves the reliability and accuracy of biopsy. The integration of medical imaging technology and the robotic system is an important means for accurate tumor location, biopsy puncture path planning and visualization. This paper mainly reviews image-guided prostate biopsy robots. According to the existing literature, guidance modalities are divided into magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US) and fusion image. First, the robot structure research by different guided methods is the main line and the actuators and material research of these guided modalities is the auxiliary line to introduce and compare. Second, the robot image-guided localization technology is discussed. Finally, the image-guided prostate biopsy robot is summarized and suggestions for future development are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongde Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Foshan Baikang Robot Technology Co., Ltd, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528225, China
| | - Qihang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Muzzammil
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guoqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, the Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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2
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Liu D, Shen G, Tang N, Lu H, Wei B. Robotic system for magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focus ultrasound application: Feasibility of breast fibroadenoma treatment. Int J Med Robot 2023:e2519. [PMID: 37081747 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper presents a high-intensity focus ultrasound (HIFU) robotic system for treating breast fibroadenoma under the guidance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Based on the thermal and mechanical effects of ultrasound, the system aims to deliver ultrasound energy to a target precisely without damaging the normal tissue. The temperature elevation can be monitored in real time by MRI, and the treatment plan can be adjusted during the procedure. The requirements, design specifications, control system and registration of the robotic system are specified. METHODS The robotic system was designed with a 3 degrees of freedom manipulator with limit switches and encoders, a customised MRI-compatible breast coil, a water bladder with sets of breast-conforming brackets, and a probe capable of generating ultrasound. Twenty volunteers were recruited for this study, and their data were analysed to provide more precise data for the design. The accuracy of the robot was evaluated in free space using a coordinate measuring machine, phantom and ex vivo porcine tissue in MRI room. The study also verified the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the MRI with the effect of the robotic system. RESULTS The research findings revealed that the manipulator exhibited a translational precision of 0.10 ± 0.14 mm, a rotational fidelity around the X direction of 0.11 ± 0.09°, and an oscillatory exactness around the Y direction of 0.10 ± 0.08°. The investigation of positioning accuracy demonstrated that the robot's error in free space was 0.26 ± 0.07 mm. When subjected to MRI room with agar-silica phantom and ex vivo porcine tissue, the positioning accuracy amounted to 1.11 ± 0.47 mm and 1.57 ± 0.52 mm. In the presence of the robotic system, the SNR of the MRI experienced a 4.2% reduction, which had a negligible impact on image quality. CONCLUSIONS The conducted experiments validate the efficacy of the proposed MRI-guided HIFU robotic system in executing agar-silica phantom and ex vivo porcine tissue investigations with adequate positioning accuracy. Consequently, this system exhibits certain feasibility for the treatment of breast fibroadenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Tang
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaxin Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Shanghai Shende Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
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Connor MJ, Dasgupta P, Ahmed HU, Raza A. Autonomous surgery in the era of robotic urology: friend or foe of the future surgeon? Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:643-649. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Meinhold W, Martinez DE, Oshinski J, Hu AP, Ueda J. A Direct Drive Parallel Plane Piezoelectric Needle Positioning Robot for MRI Guided Intraspinal Injection. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:807-814. [PMID: 32870782 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3020926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in the field of cellular therapeutics have indicated the potential of stem cell injections directly to the spinal cord. Injections require either open surgery or a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) guided injection. Needle positioning during MRI imaging is a significant hurdle to direct spinal injection, as the small target region and interlaminar space require high positioning accuracy. OBJECTIVE To improve both the procedure time and positioning accuracy, an MRI guided robotic needle positioning system is developed. METHODS The robot uses linear piezoelectric motors to directly drive a parallel plane positioning mechanism. Feedback is provided through MRI during the orientation procedure. Both accuracy and repeatability of the robot are characterized. RESULTS This system is found to be capable of repeatability below 51 μm. Needle endpoint error is limited by imaging modality, but is validated to 156 μm. CONCLUSION The reported robot and MRI image feedback system is capable of repeatable and accurate needle guide positioning. SIGNIFICANCE This high accuracy will result in a significant improvement to the workflow of spinal injection procedures.
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Farimani FS, Mojarradi M, Hekman E, Misra S. PneuAct-II: Hybrid Manufactured Electromagnetically Stealth Pneumatic Stepper Actuator. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2020.2974652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Zhao B, Fu Y, Yang Y, Zhang P, Hu Y. Design and control of a MRI-compatible pneumatic needle puncture robot. Comput Assist Surg (Abingdon) 2019; 24:87-93. [PMID: 31448960 DOI: 10.1080/24699322.2019.1649067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous needle puncture operation is widely used in the image-guided interventions, including biopsy and ablation. MRI guidance has the advantages of high-resolution soft tissue imaging and thermal monitoring during energy-based ablation. This paper proposes the design of a 5-DOF pneumatic needle puncture robot, with all the cylinders, sensors and structure material MRI-compatible. Also, a hybrid fuzzy-PID controller is designed for the pneumatic driven system to adjust the PID parameters adaptively. The experiment validation result shows that, compared with the traditional fix-parameter PID control, the proposed hybrid fuzzy-PID control has no overshoot, and the settle time/steady state error remains low even with increasing load. This proves that the hybrid fuzzy-PID control strategy can increases the positioning accuracy and robustness of the pneumatic driven needle puncture robot, which is significant for the safety of percutaneous needle puncture operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoliang Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen , Shenzhen , China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , China
| | - Ying Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , China
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Sayari AJ, Pardo C, Basques BA, Colman MW. Review of robotic-assisted surgery: what the future looks like through a spine oncology lens. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:224. [PMID: 31297389 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in medical technology have led to the emergence of robotic-assisted surgery with the hope of creating a safer and more efficient surgical environment for the patient and surgical team. Spine surgery and spine tumor surgery involve challenging anatomy and demand highly precise surgical maneuvers, creating an important niche for robotic systems. While still in its infancy, robotics in spine surgery have proven successful in pedicle screw placement. Similarly, robotics has begun to be used for accurate resections and surgical planning in tumor surgery. As future studies are published and robotics systems continue to evolve, we can expect more tactile haptic feedback and implementation of useful instruments to improve preoperative planning, resection guidance, and reconstruction during spine tumor surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash J Sayari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Coralie Pardo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bryce A Basques
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew W Colman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hovet S, Ren H, Xu S, Wood B, Tokuda J, Tse ZTH. MRI-powered biomedical devices. MINIM INVASIV THER 2018; 27:191-202. [PMID: 29141515 PMCID: PMC6504181 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2017.1402188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is beneficial for imaging-guided procedures because it provides higher resolution images and better soft tissue contrast than computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and X-ray. MRI can be used to streamline diagnostics and treatment because it does not require patients to be repositioned between scans of different areas of the body. It is even possible to use MRI to visualize, power, and control medical devices inside the human body to access remote locations and perform minimally invasive procedures. Therefore, MR conditional medical devices have the potential to improve a wide variety of medical procedures; this potential is explored in terms of practical considerations pertaining to clinical applications and the MRI environment. Recent advancements in this field are introduced with a review of clinically relevant research in the areas of interventional tools, endovascular microbots, and closed-loop controlled MRI robots. Challenges related to technology and clinical feasibility are discussed, including MRI based propulsion and control, navigation of medical devices through the human body, clinical adoptability, and regulatory issues. The development of MRI-powered medical devices is an emerging field, but the potential clinical impact of these devices is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Hovet
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng Xu
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bradford Wood
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Junichi Tokuda
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zion Tsz Ho Tse
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Whelan B, Kolling S, Oborn BM, Keall P. Passive magnetic shielding in MRI-Linac systems. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:075008. [PMID: 29578113 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Passive magnetic shielding refers to the use of ferromagnetic materials to redirect magnetic field lines away from vulnerable regions. An application of particular interest to the medical physics community is shielding in MRI systems, especially integrated MRI-linear accelerator (MRI-Linac) systems. In these systems, the goal is not only to minimize the magnetic field in some volume, but also to minimize the impact of the shield on the magnetic fields within the imaging volume of the MRI scanner. In this work, finite element modelling was used to assess the shielding of a side coupled 6 MV linac and resultant heterogeneity induced within the 30 cm diameter of spherical volume (DSV) of a novel 1 Tesla split bore MRI magnet. A number of different shield parameters were investigated; distance between shield and magnet, shield shape, shield thickness, shield length, openings in the shield, number of concentric layers, spacing between each layer, and shield material. Both the in-line and perpendicular MRI-Linac configurations were studied. By modifying the shield shape around the linac from the starting design of an open ended cylinder, the shielding effect was boosted by approximately 70% whilst the impact on the magnet was simultaneously reduced by approximately 10%. Openings in the shield for the RF port and beam exit were substantial sources of field leakage; however it was demonstrated that shielding could be added around these openings to compensate for this leakage. Layering multiple concentric shield shells was highly effective in the perpendicular configuration, but less so for the in-line configuration. Cautious use of high permeability materials such as Mu-metal can greatly increase the shielding performance in some scenarios. In the perpendicular configuration, magnetic shielding was more effective and the impact on the magnet lower compared with the in-line configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Whelan
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, University of Sydney, Sydney (NSW), 2006, Australia. Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool (NSW), 2170, Australia. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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Squires A, Oshinski JN, Boulis NM, Tse ZTH. SpinoBot: An MRI-Guided Needle Positioning System for Spinal Cellular Therapeutics. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46:475-487. [PMID: 29150766 PMCID: PMC7215142 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) results in the death of motor neurons in voluntary muscles. There are no cures for ALS and few available treatments. In studies with small animal models, injection of cellular therapeutics into the anterior horn of the spinal cord has been shown to inhibit the progression of ALS. It was hypothesized that spinal injection could be made faster and less invasive with the aid of a robot. The robotic system presented-SpinoBot-uses MRI guidance to position a needle for percutaneous injection into the spinal cord. With four degrees of freedom (DOF) provided by two translation stages and two rotational axes, SpinoBot proved capable of advanced targeting with a mean error of 1.12 mm and standard deviation of 0.97 mm in bench tests, and a mean error of 2.2 mm and standard deviation of 0.85 mm in swine cadaver tests. SpinoBot has shown less than 3% signal-to-noise ratio reduction in 3T MR imaging quality, demonstrating its compliance to the MRI environment. With the aid of SpinoBot, the length of the percutaneous injection procedure is reduced to less than 60 min with 10 min for each additional insertion. Although SpinoBot is designed for ALS treatment, it could potentially be used for other procedures that require precise access to the spine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John N Oshinski
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Neurosurgery, Emory University Hospital, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zion Tsz Ho Tse
- Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Driftmier Engineering Center, 597 D.W. Brooks Dr, Annex Room 111, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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11
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Measuring the Temperature Increase of an Ultrasonic Motor in a 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging System. ACTUATORS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/act6020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Hungr N, Bricault I, Cinquin P, Fouard C. Design and Validation of a CT- and MRI-Guided Robot for Percutaneous Needle Procedures. IEEE T ROBOT 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/tro.2016.2588884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Chan JL, Mazilu D, Miller JG, Hunt T, Horvath KA, Li M. Robotic-assisted real-time MRI-guided TAVR: from system deployment to in vivo experiment in swine model. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2016; 11:1905-18. [PMID: 27246950 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-016-1421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) guidance provides significant advantages during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as it provides superior real-time visualization and accurate device delivery tracking. However, performing a TAVR within an MRI scanner remains difficult due to a constrained procedural environment. To address these concerns, a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible robotic system to assist in TAVR deployments was developed. This study evaluates the technical design and interface considerations of an MR-compatible robotic-assisted TAVR system with the purpose of demonstrating that such a system can be developed and executed safely and precisely in a preclinical model. METHODS An MR-compatible robotic surgical assistant system was built for TAVR deployment. This system integrates a 5-degrees of freedom (DoF) robotic arm with a 3-DoF robotic valve delivery module. A user interface system was designed for procedural planning and real-time intraoperative manipulation of the robot. The robotic device was constructed of plastic materials, pneumatic actuators, and fiber-optical encoders. RESULTS The mechanical profile and MR compatibility of the robotic system were evaluated. The system-level error based on a phantom model was 1.14 ± 0.33 mm. A self-expanding prosthesis was successfully deployed in eight Yorkshire swine under rtMRI guidance. Post-deployment imaging and necropsy confirmed placement of the stent within 3 mm of the aortic valve annulus. CONCLUSIONS These phantom and in vivo studies demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of robotic-assisted TAVR under rtMRI guidance. This robotic system increases the precision of valve deployments, diminishes environmental constraints, and improves the overall success of TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Chan
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dumitru Mazilu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Justin G Miller
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Keith A Horvath
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B1D47, MSC 1550, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Jung HD, Park HS, Kang MH, Li Y, Kim HE, Koh YH, Estrin Y. Reinforcement of polyetheretherketone polymer with titanium for improved mechanical properties and in vitro
biocompatibility. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:141-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Do Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
- Liquid Processing & Casting Technology R&D Group; Korea Institute of Industrial Technology; Incheon 406-840 Korea
| | - Hui-Sun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Yuanlong Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Hyoun-Ee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Young-Hag Koh
- School of Biomedical Engineering; Korea University; Seoul 136-703 Korea
| | - Yuri Estrin
- Centre for Advanced Hybrid Materials; Department of Materials Engineering; Monash University; Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
- Laboratory for Hybrid Nanostructured Materials; NITU MISiS; Moscow Russia
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15
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Kumar R. Robotic Assistance and Intervention in Spine Surgery. SPINAL IMAGING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12508-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Kettenbach J, Kronreif G. Robotic systems for percutaneous needle-guided interventions. MINIM INVASIV THER 2014; 24:45-53. [DOI: 10.3109/13645706.2014.977299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Yiallouras C, Damianou C. Review of MRI positioning devices for guiding focused ultrasound systems. Int J Med Robot 2014; 11:247-55. [PMID: 25045075 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article contains a review of positioning devices that are currently used in the area of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS). METHODS The paper includes an extensive review of literature published since the first prototype system was invented in 1991. RESULTS The technology has grown into a fast developing area with application to any organ accessible to ultrasound. The initial design operated using hydraulic principles, while the latest technology incorporates piezoelectric motors. Although, in the beginning there were fears regarding MRI safety, during recent years, the deployment of MR-safe positioning devices in FUS has become routine. Many of these positioning devices are now undergoing testing in clinical trials. CONCLUSION Existing MRgFUS systems have been utilized mostly in oncology (fibroids, brain, liver, kidney, bone, pancreas, eye, thyroid, and prostate). It is anticipated that, in the near future, there will be a positioning device for every organ that is accessible by focused ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yiallouras
- Department of Bioengineering, City University, London, UK.,R&D, MEDSONIC LTD, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - C Damianou
- Electrical Engineering Department, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus.,R&D, MEDSONIC LTD, Limassol, Cyprus
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Kettenbach J, Kara L, Toporek G, Fuerst M, Kronreif G. A robotic needle-positioning and guidance system for CT-guided puncture: Ex vivo results. MINIM INVASIV THER 2014; 23:271-8. [PMID: 24953817 DOI: 10.3109/13645706.2014.928641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the feasibility of a robotic needle-guidance platform during CT-guided puncture ex vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thin copper wires inserted into a torso phantom served as targets. The phantom was placed on a carbon plate and the robot-positioning unit (RPU) of the guidance platform (iSYS Medizintechnik GmbH, Kitzbuehel, Austria) was attached. Following CT imaging and automatic registration a double oblique trajectory was planned and the RPU was remotely moved into appropriate position and angulation. A 17G-puncture needle was then manually inserted until the preplanned depth, permanently guided by the RPU. The CT scan was repeated and the distance between the actual needle tip and the target was evaluated. RESULTS Automatic registration was successful in ten experiments and the median duration of an experiment was 9.6 (6.4-46.0) minutes. The angulation of the needle path in x-y and z-axis was within 15.6° to 32.6°, and -32.8° to 3.2°, respectively and the needle insertion depth was 92.8 ± 14.4 mm. The Euclidean distance between the actual needle tip and the target was 2.3 ± 0.8 (range, 0.9-3.7) mm. CONCLUSION Automatic registration and accurate needle placement close to small targets was demonstrated. Study settings and torso phantom were very close to the clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Kettenbach
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Bern , Switzerland
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Fisher T, Hamed A, Vartholomeos P, Masamune K, Tang G, Ren H, Tse ZTH. Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging–conditional robotic devices for therapy and diagnosis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2014; 228:303-18. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411914524189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging presents high-resolution preoperative scans of target tissue and allows for the availability of intraoperative real-time images without the exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. This has motivated scientists and engineers to integrate medical robotics with the magnetic resonance imaging modality to allow robot-assisted, image-guided diagnosis and therapy. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art medical robotic systems available for use in conjunction with intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The robot functionalities and mechanical designs for a wide range of magnetic resonance imaging interventions are presented, including their magnetic resonance imaging compatibility, actuation, kinematics and the mechanical and electrical designs of the robots. Classification and comparative study of various intraoperative magnetic resonance image guided robotic systems are provided. The robotic systems reviewed are summarized in a table in detail. Current technologies for magnetic resonance imaging–conditional robotics are reviewed and their potential future directions are sketched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Fisher
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Abbi Hamed
- Department of Advanced Robotics, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Japan
| | - Panagiotis Vartholomeos
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken Masamune
- Advanced Therapeutic and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Graduate school of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guoyi Tang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zion T H Tse
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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20
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Mylonas N, Damianou C. MR compatible positioning device for guiding a focused ultrasound system for the treatment of brain deseases. Int J Med Robot 2013; 10:1-10. [PMID: 23744569 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prototype magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible positioning device that navigates a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transducer is presented. The positioning device has three user-controlled degrees of freedom that allow access to brain targets using a lateral coupling approach. The positioning device can be used for the treatment of brain cancer (thermal mode ultrasound) or ischemic stroke (mechanical mode ultrasound). MATERIALS AND METHODS The positioning device incorporates only MRI compatible materials such as piezoelectric motors, ABS plastic, brass screws, and brass rack and pinion. RESULT The robot has the ability to accurately move the transducer thus creating overlapping lesions in rabbit brain in vivo. The registration and repeatability of the system was evaluated using tissues in vitro and gel phantom and was also tested in vivo in the brain of a rabbit. CONCLUSION A simple, cost effective, portable positioning device has been developed which can be used in virtually any clinical MRI scanner since it can be placed on the table of the MRI scanner. This system can be used to treat in the future patients with brain cancer and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mylonas
- City University, London, UK; Frederick Institute of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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21
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Tavallaei MA, Thakur Y, Haider S, Drangova M. A Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-Compatible Remote Catheter Navigation System. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2012.2229709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Non-linear adaptive controllers for an over-actuated pneumatic MR-compatible stepper. Med Biol Eng Comput 2013; 51:799-809. [PMID: 23430329 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-013-1050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pneumatics is one of the few actuation principles that can be used in an MR environment, since it can produce high forces without affecting imaging quality. However, pneumatic control is challenging, due to the air high compliance and cylinders non-linearities. Furthermore, the system's properties may change for each subject. Here, we present novel control strategies that adapt to the subject's individual anatomy and needs while performing accurate periodic gait-like movements with an MRI compatible pneumatically driven robot. In subject-passive mode, an iterative learning controller (ILC) was implemented to reduce the system's periodic disturbances. To allow the subjects to intend the task by themselves, a zero-force controller minimized the interaction forces between subject and robot. To assist patients who may be too weak, an assist-as-needed controller that adapts the assistance based on online measurement of the subject's performance was designed. The controllers were experimentally tested. The ILC successfully learned to reduce the variability and tracking errors. The zero-force controller allowed subjects to step in a transparent environment. The assist-as-needed controller adapted the assistance based on individual needs, while still challenged the subjects to perform the task. The presented controllers can provide accurate pneumatic control in MR environments to allow assessments of brain activation.
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23
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Bertelsen A, Melo J, Sánchez E, Borro D. A review of surgical robots for spinal interventions. Int J Med Robot 2012; 9:407-22. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Bertelsen
- Applied Mechanics Department CEIT and Tecnun; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - Javier Melo
- Applied Mechanics Department CEIT and Tecnun; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - Emilio Sánchez
- Applied Mechanics Department CEIT and Tecnun; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
| | - Diego Borro
- Applied Mechanics Department CEIT and Tecnun; University of Navarra; San Sebastián Spain
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Zangos S, Melzer A, Eichler K, Sadighi C, Thalhammer A, Bodelle B, Wolf R, Gruber-Rouh T, Proschek D, Hammerstingl R, Müller C, Mack MG, Vogl TJ. MR-compatible assistance system for biopsy in a high-field-strength system: initial results in patients with suspicious prostate lesions. Radiology 2011; 259:903-10. [PMID: 21364080 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the feasibility and safety of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided biopsy by using a transgluteal approach in patients with suspicious prostate lesions by using an MR-compatible robotic system and a 1.5-T MR system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the institutional review board of University Frankfurt, and informed consent was obtained from each patient. A total of 20 patients (age range, 57.8-71.9 years; mean age, 65.1 years) underwent biopsy in a closed-bore high-field-strength MR system. Biopsy was performed with an MR-compatible pneumatically driven robotic system. T1-weighted gradient-echo fast low-angle shot and T2-weighted true fast imaging with steady-state precession sequences were used to plan and guide the intervention with a transgluteal access on the external planning computer of the assistance system. The system calculated the trajectory and then moved the guiding arm to the insertion point. The cannula was advanced manually, and biopsies were performed with the coaxial technique by using a 15-gauge pencil tip needle. Intervention time, complications, and biopsy findings were documented. RESULTS The MR-compatible robotic system did not interfere with image quality, nor did MR imaging cause dysfunction of the robot. In one patient, the interventionist caused a fail-safe system shutdown. This was due to inadvertent displacement of the guiding arm during cannula insertion. This problem was solved by increasing the displacement threshold. Accurate coaxial cannula biopsy could be performed in all subsequent patients. Sufficient histopathologic assessment was performed in 19 patients. Insufficient material was retrieved in the patient who experienced fail-safe system shutdown. The median intervention time was 39 minutes (23-65 minutes). No procedure-related complications were observed. CONCLUSION Preliminary results indicate that MR-guided robot-assisted biopsy is feasible and can be performed safely with highly accurate cannula placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Zangos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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25
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Abstract
Medical imaging in interventional oncology is used differently than in diagnostic radiology and prioritizes different imaging features. Whereas diagnostic imaging prioritizes the highest-quality imaging, interventional imaging prioritizes real-time imaging with lower radiation dose in addition to high-quality imaging. In general, medical imaging plays five key roles in image-guided therapy, and interventional oncology, in particular. These roles are (a) preprocedure planning, (b) intraprocedural targeting, (c) intraprocedural monitoring, (d) intraprocedural control, and (e) postprocedure assessment. Although many of these roles are still relatively basic in interventional oncology, as research and development in medical imaging focuses on interventional needs, it is likely that the role of medical imaging in intervention will become even more integral and more widely applied. In this review, the current status of medical imaging for intervention in oncology will be described and directions for future development will be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Solomon
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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26
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Elhawary H, Tse ZTH, Rea M, Zivanovic A, Davies BL, Besant C, de Souza NM, McRobbie D, Young I, Lampérth MU. Robotic system for transrectal biopsy of the prostate: real-time guidance under MRI. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 29:78-86. [PMID: 20659844 DOI: 10.1109/memb.2009.935709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, to harness the possibility of real-time guidance of MRI, a robotic system has been developed to perform transrectal prostate biopsy inside a 1.5-T closed bore scanner. A specially developed MR pulse sequence is capable of tracking the needle location in real time while dynamically updating the scan planes to always include the needle and target.
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27
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Li M, Kapoor A, Mazilu D, Horvath KA. Pneumatic actuated robotic assistant system for aortic valve replacement under MRI guidance. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2010; 58:443-51. [PMID: 21041156 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2010.2089983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We present a pneumatic actuated robotic assistant system for transapical aortic valve replacement under MRI guidance in a beating heart. This is a minimally invasive procedure that is currently performed manually inside the MRI bore. A robotic assistance system that integrates an interactive real-time MRI system, a robotic arm with a newly developed robotic valve delivery module, as well as user interfaces for the physician to plan the procedure and manipulate the robot, would be advantageous for the procedure. An Innomotion arm with hands-on cooperative interface was used as a device holder. A compact MRI compatible robotic delivery module was developed for delivering both balloon-expandable and self-expanding prostheses. A compact fiducial that can be placed close to the volume of interest and requires a single image plane was used for image-based robot registration. The system provides different user interfaces at various stages of the procedure. We present the development and evaluation of the components and the system in ex-vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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28
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Song SE, Cho N, Tokuda J, Hata N, Tempany C, Fichtinger G, Iordachita I. Preliminary Evaluation of a MRI-compatible Modular Robotic System for MRI-guided Prostate Interventions. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ... IEEE/RAS-EMBS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ROBOTICS AND BIOMECHATRONICS. IEEE/RAS-EMBS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ROBOTICS AND BIOMECHATRONICS 2010; 2010:796-801. [PMID: 21132087 PMCID: PMC2995896 DOI: 10.1109/biorob.2010.5626987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) guided robotic interventions have been introduced in order to advance prostate cancer detection and treatment. To overcome problems of such robotic interventions, we have been developing a pneumatically actuated MRI-compatible modular robotic system for MRI-guided transperineal prostate intervention and its interventional procedure. For system evaluation, a series of experiments have been conducted and this paper reports a needle insertion experiment using prostate phantom and patient mockup trials. The needle insertion experiment resulted in noticeable consistent error in one direction, which we will investigate further. Nonetheless, patient mockup experiences suggest that the modular robotic system and its interventional procedure are well integrated and implemented in clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Song
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical System and Technology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, US
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29
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Song SE, Cho NB, Fischer G, Hata N, Tempany C, Fichtinger G, Iordachita I. Development of a Pneumatic Robot for MRI-guided Transperineal Prostate Biopsy and Brachytherapy: New Approaches. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION : ICRA : [PROCEEDINGS]. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION 2010; 2010:2580-2585. [PMID: 21399734 DOI: 10.1109/robot.2010.5509710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) guided prostate biopsy and brachytherapy has been introduced in order to enhance the cancer detection and treatment. For the accurate needle positioning, a number of robotic assistants have been developed. However, problems exist due to the strong magnetic field and limited workspace. Pneumatically actuated robots have shown the minimum distraction in the environment but the confined workspace limits optimal robot design and thus controllability is often poor. To overcome the problem, a simple external damping mechanism using timing belts was sought and a 1-DOF mechanism test result indicated sufficient positioning accuracy. Based on the damping mechanism and modular system design approach, a new workspace-optimized 4-DOF parallel robot was developed for the MRI-guided prostate biopsy and brachytherapy. A preliminary evaluation of the robot was conducted using previously developed pneumatic controller and satisfying results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Song
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical System and Technology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, US
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30
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Moche M, Zajonz D, Kahn T, Busse H. MRI-guided procedures in various regions of the body using a robotic assistance system in a closed-bore scanner: Preliminary clinical experience and limitations. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 31:964-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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31
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Tsekos NV. MRI-guided robotics at the U of Houston: evolving methodologies for interventions and surgeries. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2009; 2009:5637-40. [PMID: 19964404 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5333681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Currently, we witness the rapid evolution of minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) and image guided interventions (IGI) for offering improved patient management and cost effectiveness. It is well recognized that sustaining and expand this paradigm shift would require new computational methodology that integrates sensing with multimodal imaging, actively controlled robotic manipulators, the patient and the operator. Such approach would include (1) assessing in real-time tissue deformation secondary to the procedure and physiologic motion, (2) monitoring the tool(s) in 3D, and (3) on-the-fly update information about the pathophysiology of the targeted tissue. With those capabilities, real time image guidance may facilitate a paradigm shift and methodological leap from "keyhole" visualization (i.e. endoscopy or laparoscopy) to one that uses a volumetric and informational rich perception of the Area of Operation (AoO). This capability may eventually enable a wider range and level of complexity IGI and MIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos V Tsekos
- Medical Robotics Laboratory at the Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun, Houston, TX 77204-3010, USA.
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32
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Morikawa S, Naka S, Murakami K, Kurumi Y, Shiomi H, Tani T, Haque HA, Tokuda J, Hata N, Inubushi T. Preliminary clinical experiences of a motorized manipulator for magnetic resonance image–guided microwave coagulation therapy of liver tumors. Am J Surg 2009; 198:340-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chopra R, Curiel L, Staruch R, Morrison L, Hynynen K. An MRI-compatible system for focused ultrasound experiments in small animal models. Med Phys 2009; 36:1867-74. [PMID: 19544806 DOI: 10.1118/1.3115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel MRI-guided therapeutic ultrasound methods including potentiated drug delivery and targeted thermal ablation requires extensive testing in small animals such as rats and mice due to the widespread use of these species as models of disease. An MRI-compatible, computer-controlled three-axis positioning system was constructed to deliver focused ultrasound exposures precisely to a target anatomy in small animals for high-throughput preclinical drug delivery studies. Each axis was constructed from custom-made nonmagnetic linear ball stages driven by piezoelectric actuators and optical encoders. A range of motion of 5 x 5 x 2.5 cm3 was achieved, and initial bench top characterization demonstrated the ability to deliver ultrasound to the brain with a spatial accuracy of 0.3 mm. Operation of the positioning system within the bore of a clinical 3 T MR imager was feasible, and simultaneous motion and MR imaging did not result in any mutual interference. The system was evaluated in its ability to deliver precise sonications within the mouse brain, linear scanned exposures in a rat brain for blood barrier disruption, and circular scans for controlled heating under MR temperature feedback. Initial results suggest that this is a robust and precise apparatus for use in the investigation of novel ultrasound-based therapeutic strategies in small animal preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Chopra
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada.
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35
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in urology has gained immense popularity with the daVinci system, but a lot of research teams are working on new robots. The purpose of this study is to review current urologic robots and present future development directions. RECENT FINDINGS Future systems are expected to advance in two directions: improvements of remote manipulation robots and developments of image-guided robots. SUMMARY The final goal of robots is to allow safer and more homogeneous outcomes with less variability of surgeon performance, as well as new tools to perform tasks on the basis of medical transcutaneous imaging, in a less invasive way, at lower costs. It is expected that improvements for a remote system could be augmented in reality, with haptic feedback, size reduction, and development of new tools for natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery. The paradigm of image-guided robots is close to clinical availability and the most advanced robots are presented with end-user technical assessments. It is also notable that the potential of robots lies much further ahead than the accomplishments of the daVinci system. The integration of imaging with robotics holds a substantial promise, because this can accomplish tasks otherwise impossible. Image-guided robots have the potential to offer a paradigm shift.
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36
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Hamed AM, Tse ZTH, Young I, Davies BL, Lampérth M. Applying tactile sensing with piezoelectric materials for minimally invasive surgery and magnetic-resonance-guided interventions. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2009; 223:99-110. [PMID: 19239071 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Medical technologies have undergone significant development to overcome the problems inherent in minimally invasive surgery such as inhibited manual dexterity, reduced visual information, and lack of direct touch feedback to make it easier for surgeons to operate. A minimally invasive tool incorporating haptic feedback is being developed to increase the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures by providing force feedback. Magnetic resonance imaging guidance is possible to allow tool localization; however, this engenders the requirement of magnetic resonance compatibility on the device. This paper describes the work done towards developing a sensing device using piezoelectric sensor elements to locate subsurface inclusions in soft substrates, with its magnetic resonance compatibility tested in a 1.5 T scanner. Results show that the position of a hard inclusion can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hamed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Macura KJ, Stoianovici D. Advancements in magnetic resonance-guided robotic interventions in the prostate. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 19:297-304. [PMID: 19512852 PMCID: PMC3099454 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0b013e3181aa68b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides more detailed anatomical images of the prostate compared with the transrectal ultrasound imaging. Therefore, for the purpose of intervention in the prostate gland, diagnostic or therapeutic, MRI guidance offers a possibility of more precise targeting that may be crucial to the success of prostate interventions. However, access within the scanner is limited for manual instrument handling and the MR environment is most demanding among all imaging equipment with respect to the instrumentation used. A solution to this problem is the use of MR-compatible robots purposely designed to operate in the space and environmental restrictions inside the MR scanner allowing real-time interventions. Building an MRI-compatible robot is a very challenging engineering task because, in addition to the material restrictions that MRI instruments have, the robot requires actuators and sensors that limit the type of energies that can be used. Several important design problems have to be overcome before a successful MR-compatible robot application can be built. A number of MR-compatible robots, ranging from a simple manipulator to a fully automated system, have been developed, proposing ingenious solutions to the design challenge. Several systems have been already tested clinically for prostate biopsy and brachytherapy. As technology matures, precise image guidance for prostate interventions performed or assisted by specialized MR-compatible robotic devices may provide a uniquely accurate solution for guiding the intervention directly based on MR findings and feedback. Such an instrument would become a valuable clinical tool for biopsies directly targeting imaged tumor foci and delivering tumor-centered focal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna J Macura
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Brady Urological Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287-0750, USA.
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Elhawary H, Zivanovic A, Rea M, Davies BL, Besant C, McRobbie D, Desouza NM, Young I, Lamperth MU. A modular approach to MRI-compatible robotics: using robotic modules with interconnectable 1-DoF Stages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 27:35-41. [PMID: 18519180 DOI: 10.1109/emb.2007.910260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haytham Elhawary
- Mechanical and Medicine Laboratory, Imperial College, London, UK
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39
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Tsekos NV, Christoforou E, Ozcan A. A general-purpose MR-compatible robotic system: implementation and image guidance for performing minimally invasive interventions.. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 27:51-8. [PMID: 18519182 DOI: 10.1109/emb.2007.910270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos V Tsekos
- Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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40
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Hata N, Tokuda J, Hurwitz S, Morikawa S. MRI-compatible manipulator with remote-center-of-motion control. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 27:1130-8. [PMID: 18407542 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and assess a needle-guiding manipulator for MRI-guided therapy that allows a physician to freely select the needle insertion path while maintaining remote center of motion (RCM) at the tumor site. MATERIALS AND METHODS The manipulator consists of a three-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) base stage and passive needle holder with unconstrained two-DOF rotation. The synergistic control keeps the Virtual RCM at the preplanned target using encoder outputs from the needle holder as input to motorize the base stage. RESULTS The manipulator assists in searching for an optimal needle insertion path which is a complex and time-consuming task in MRI-guided ablation therapy for liver tumors. The assessment study showed that accuracy of keeping the virtual RCM to predefined position is 3.0 mm. In a phantom test, the physicians found the needle insertion path faster with than without the manipulator (number of physicians = 3, P = 0.001). However, the alignment time with the virtual RCM was not shorter when imaging time for planning were considered. CONCLUSION The study indicated that the robot holds promise as a tool for accurately and interactively selecting the optimal needle insertion path in liver ablation therapy guided by open-configuration MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Hata
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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41
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Elhawary H, Tse ZTH, Hamed A, Rea M, Davies BL, Lamperth MU. The case for MR-compatible robotics: a review of the state of the art. Int J Med Robot 2008; 4:105-13. [PMID: 18481822 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The numerous imaging capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with its lack of ionizing radiation has made it a desirable modality for real-time guidance of interventional procedures. The combination of these abilities with the advantages granted by robotic systems to perform accurate and precise positioning of tools has driven the recent development of MR-compatible interventional and assistive devices. METHODS The challenges in this field are presented, including the selection of suitable materials, actuators and sensors in the intense magnetic fields of the MR environment. RESULTS Only a small number of developed systems have made it to the clinical level (only two have become commercial ventures), showing that the field has not yet reached maturity. CONCLUSIONS A brief overview of the current state of the art is given, along with a description of the main opportunities, possibilities and challenges that the future will bring to this exciting and promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haytham Elhawary
- Mechatronics in Medicine Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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42
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Muntener M, Patriciu A, Petrisor D, Schär M, Ursu D, Song DY, Stoianovici D. Transperineal prostate intervention: robot for fully automated MR imaging--system description and proof of principle in a canine model. Radiology 2008; 247:543-9. [PMID: 18430882 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2472070737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The study was approved by the animal care and use committee. The purpose of the study was to prospectively establish proof of principle in vivo in canines for a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-compatible robotic system designed for image-guided prostatic needle intervention. The entire robot is built with nonmagnetic and dielectric materials and in its current configuration is designed to perform fully automated brachytherapy seed placement within a closed MR imager. With a 3.0-T imager, in four dogs the median error for MR imaging-guided needle positioning and seed positioning was 2.02 mm (range, 0.86-3.18 mm) and 2.50 mm (range, 1.45-10.54 mm), respectively. The robotic system is capable of accurate MR imaging-guided prostatic needle intervention within a standard MR imager in vivo in a canine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Muntener
- URobotics Laboratory, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, JHBMC, MFL-W115, 5200 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Fischer GS, Iordachita I, Csoma C, Tokuda J, DiMaio SP, Tempany CM, Hata N, Fichtinger G. MRI-Compatible Pneumatic Robot for Transperineal Prostate Needle Placement. IEEE/ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS : A JOINT PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY AND THE ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL DIVISION 2008; 13:295-305. [PMID: 21057608 PMCID: PMC2974180 DOI: 10.1109/tmech.2008.924044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide high-quality 3-D visualization of prostate and surrounding tissue, thus granting potential to be a superior medical imaging modality for guiding and monitoring prostatic interventions. However, the benefits cannot be readily harnessed for interventional procedures due to difficulties that surround the use of high-field (1.5T or greater) MRI. The inability to use conventional mechatronics and the confined physical space makes it extremely challenging to access the patient. We have designed a robotic assistant system that overcomes these difficulties and promises safe and reliable intraprostatic needle placement inside closed high-field MRI scanners. MRI compatibility of the robot has been evaluated under 3T MRI using standard prostate imaging sequences and average SNR loss is limited to 5%. Needle alignment accuracy of the robot under servo pneumatic control is better than 0.94 mm rms per axis. The complete system workflow has been evaluated in phantom studies with accurate visualization and targeting of five out of five 1 cm targets. The paper explains the robot mechanism and controller design, the system integration, and presents results of preliminary evaluation of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S. Fischer
- Engineering Research Center for Computer Integrated Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Iulian Iordachita
- Engineering Research Center for Computer Integrated Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Csaba Csoma
- Engineering Research Center for Computer Integrated Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Junichi Tokuda
- National Center for Image Guided Therapy (NCIGT), Brigham and Womens Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | | | - Clare M. Tempany
- National Center for Image Guided Therapy (NCIGT), Brigham and Womens Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Nobuhiko Hata
- National Center for Image Guided Therapy (NCIGT), Brigham and Womens Hospital, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Gabor Fichtinger
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Özcan A, Tsekos N. The Interconnection of MRI Scanner and MR-Compatible Robotic Device: Synergistic Graphical User Interface to Form a Mechatronic System. IEEE/ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS : A JOINT PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY AND THE ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL DIVISION 2008; 13:362-369. [PMID: 21544216 PMCID: PMC3085404 DOI: 10.1109/tmech.2008.924120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
MRI scanner and magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible robotic devices are mechatronic systems. Without an interconnecting component, these two devices cannot be operated synergetically for medical interventions. In this paper, the design and properties of a graphical user interface (GUI) that accomplishes the task is presented. The GUI interconnects the two devices to obtain a larger mechatronic system by providing command and control of the robotic device based on the visual information obtained from the MRI scanner. Ideally, the GUI should also control imaging parameters of the MRI scanner. Its main goal is to facilitate image-guided interventions by acting as the synergistic component between the physician, the robotic device, the scanner, and the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpay Özcan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (MR) Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA ()
| | - Nikolaos Tsekos
- Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA ()
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45
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Kraitchman DL, Gilson WD, Lorenz CH. Stem cell therapy: MRI guidance and monitoring. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 27:299-310. [PMID: 18219684 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) labeling of cellular therapeutics, it is natural that interventional MRI techniques for targeting would be developed. This review provides an overview of the current methods of stem cell labeling and the challenges that are created with respect to interventional MRI administration. In particular, stem cell therapies will require specialized, MR-compatible devices as well as integration of graphical user interfaces with pulse sequences designed for interactive, real-time delivery in many organs. Specific applications that are being developed will be reviewed as well as strategies for future translation to the clinical realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara L Kraitchman
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Clasen S, Pereira PL. Magnetic resonance guidance for radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 27:421-33. [PMID: 18219677 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided thermal ablation of liver tumors is a minimally invasive treatment option. Techniques used for thermal ablation are radiofrequency (RF) ablation, laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT), microwave (MW) ablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and cryoablation. Among these techniques RF ablation attained widespread consideration. Image guidance should ensure a precise ablation therapy leading to a complete coagulation of tumor tissue without injury to critical structures. Therefore, the modality of image guidance has an important impact on the safety and efficacy of percutaneous RF ablation. The current literature regarding percutaneous RF ablation mainly describes the use of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) guidance. In addition, interventional MR systems offer the possibility to utilize the advantages of MR imaging such as excellent soft-tissue contrast, multiplanar and interactive capabilities, and sensitivity to thermal effects during the entire RF ablation procedure. Monitoring of thermally induced coagulation by MR imaging is supportive to control the ablation procedure. MR imaging can be advantageously used to guide overlapping ablation if necessary as well as to define the endpoint of RF ablation after complete coverage of the target tissue is verified. Furthermore, monitoring of thermal effects is essential in order to prevent unintended thermal damage from critical structures surrounding the target region. Therefore, MR-guided RF ablation offers the possibility for a safe and effective therapy option in the treatment of primary and secondary hepatic malignancies. The article summarizes the role of MR guidance for RF ablation of liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clasen
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tübingen, Germany
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Gassert R, Burdet E, Chinzei K. Opportunities and Challenges in MR-Compatible Robotics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 27:15-22. [DOI: 10.1109/emb.2007.910265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Fischer GS, Iordachita I, Csoma C, Tokuda J, Mewes PW, Tempany CM, Hata N, Fichtinger G. Pneumatically Operated MRI-Compatible Needle Placement Robot for Prostate Interventions. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION : ICRA : [PROCEEDINGS]. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION 2008; 2008:2489-2495. [PMID: 21686038 DOI: 10.1109/robot.2008.4543587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has potential to be a superior medical imaging modality for guiding and monitoring prostatic interventions. The strong magnetic field prevents the use of conventional mechatronics and the confined physical space makes it extremely challenging to access the patient. We have designed a robotic assistant system that overcomes these difficulties and promises safe and reliable intra-prostatic needle placement inside closed high-field MRI scanners. The robot performs needle insertion under real-time 3T MR image guidance; workspace requirements, MR compatibility, and workflow have been evaluated on phantoms. The paper explains the robot mechanism and controller design and presents results of preliminary evaluation of the system.
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49
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New real-time MR image-guided surgical robotic system for minimally invasive precision surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-007-0146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Stoianovici D, Song D, Petrisor D, Ursu D, Mazilu D, Muntener M, Mutener M, Schar M, Patriciu A. "MRI Stealth" robot for prostate interventions. MINIM INVASIV THER 2008; 16:241-8. [PMID: 17763098 PMCID: PMC3106223 DOI: 10.1080/13645700701520735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The paper reports an important achievement in MRI instrumentation, a pneumatic, fully actuated robot located within the scanner alongside the patient and operating under remote control based on the images. Previous MRI robots commonly used piezoelectric actuation limiting their compatibility. Pneumatics is an ideal choice for MRI compatibility because it is decoupled from electromagnetism, but pneumatic actuators were hardly controllable. This achievement was possible due to a recent technology breakthrough, the invention of a new type of pneumatic motor, PneuStep 1, designed for the robot reported here with uncompromised MRI compatibility, high-precision, and medical safety. MrBot is one of the "MRI stealth" robots today (the second is described in this issue by Zangos et al.). Both of these systems are also multi-imager compatible, being able to operate with the imager of choice or cross-imaging modalities. For MRI compatibility the robot is exclusively constructed of nonmagnetic and dielectric materials such as plastics, ceramics, crystals, rubbers and is electricity free. Light-based encoding is used for feedback, so that all electric components are distally located outside the imager's room. MRI robots are modern, digital medical instruments in line with advanced imaging equipment and methods. These allow for accessing patients within closed bore scanners and performing interventions under direct (in scanner) imaging feedback. MRI robots could allow e.g. to biopsy small lesions imaged with cutting edge cancer imaging methods, or precisely deploy localized therapy at cancer foci. Our robot is the first to show the feasibility of fully automated in-scanner interventions. It is customized for the prostate and operates transperineally for needle interventions. It can accommodate various needle drivers for different percutaneous procedures such as biopsy, thermal ablations, or brachytherapy. The first needle driver is customized for fully automated low-dose radiation seed brachytherapy. This paper gives an introduction to the challenges of MRI robot compatibility and presents the solutions adopted in making the MrBot. Its multi-imager compatibility and other preclinical tests are included. The robot shows the technical feasibility of MRI-guided prostate interventions, yet its clinical utility is still to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Stoianovici
- Urology Robotics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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