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Ausmees L, Realo A, Allik J. Episodic Memory Reliving and Personality. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. There are considerable individual differences in remembering past episodes. The current study aimed to examine the link between episodic memory reliving and the Five-Factor Model personality traits. Altogether 422 participants (67% women) described an autobiographical episode and rated the vividness and clarity of that recollection. Next, they assessed their general tendencies of autobiographical recollections, which resulted in two autobiographical episodic memory scores (AEMS) for each participant – episodic and general. Participants also filled in the Estonian version of the International Personality Item Pool NEO questionnaire. Findings from partial correlation analysis (controlling for age and gender) revealed distinguishable patterns of associations for the episodic and general-level reports of memory reliving: the episodic AEMS was positively associated with E4: Activity Level and E1: Friendliness, whereas the general AEMS was negatively correlated with N4: Self-Consciousness, and positively with E1: Friendliness, E6: Cheerfulness, O1: Imagination, O5: Intellect, C2: Orderliness, and C3: Dutifulness (all significant at p < .005). The associations between the general (but not the episodic) AEMS and personality facets were significantly correlated with the average social desirability ratings of the respective facets. We conclude that greater social adaptation together with the motivation of positive self-perception are plausible explanations of the links between personality traits and reporting the quality of reliving personal memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisi Ausmees
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Realo
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jüri Allik
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
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Labad J, Salvat-Pujol N, Armario A, Cabezas Á, de Arriba-Arnau A, Nadal R, Martorell L, Urretavizcaya M, Monreal JA, Crespo JM, Vilella E, Palao DJ, Menchón JM, Soria V. The Role of Sleep Quality, Trait Anxiety and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Measures in Cognitive Abilities of Healthy Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207600. [PMID: 33086584 PMCID: PMC7589840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sleep plays a crucial role in cognitive processes. Sleep and wake memory consolidation seem to be regulated by glucocorticoids, pointing out the potential role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive abilities. Trait anxiety is another factor that is likely to moderate the relationship between sleep and cognition, because poorer sleep quality and subtle HPA axis abnormalities have been reported in people with high trait anxiety. The current study aimed to explore whether HPA axis activity or trait anxiety moderate the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive abilities in healthy individuals. We studied 203 healthy individuals. We measured verbal and visual memory, working memory, processing speed, attention and executive function. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Trait anxiety was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. HPA axis measures included the cortisol awakening response (CAR), diurnal cortisol slope and cortisol levels during the day. Multiple linear regression analyses explored the relationship between sleep quality and cognition and tested potential moderating effects by HPA axis measures and trait anxiety. Poor sleep quality was associated with poorer performance in memory, processing speed and executive function tasks. In people with poorer sleep quality, a blunted CAR was associated with poorer verbal and visual memory and executive functions, and higher cortisol levels during the day were associated with poorer processing speed. Trait anxiety was a moderator of visual memory and executive functioning. These results suggest that subtle abnormalities in the HPA axis and higher trait anxiety contribute to the relationship between lower sleep quality and poorer cognitive functioning in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Labad
- Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, 08340 Mataró, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (J.A.M.); (D.J.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Neus Salvat-Pujol
- Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain;
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Antonio Armario
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ángel Cabezas
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43206 Reus, Spain;
| | - Aida de Arriba-Arnau
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Roser Nadal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lourdes Martorell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43206 Reus, Spain;
| | - Mikel Urretavizcaya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Antonio Monreal
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (J.A.M.); (D.J.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Crespo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43206 Reus, Spain;
| | - Diego José Palao
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (J.A.M.); (D.J.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Menchón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Virginia Soria
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.); (M.U.); (J.M.C.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Neurosciences Group—Psychiatry and Mental Health, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence:
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