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Currens J, Dayton PA, Buzzacott P, Papadopoulou V. Hyperbaric exposure in rodents with non-invasive imaging assessment of decompression bubbles: A scoping review protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274241. [PMID: 36084114 PMCID: PMC9462730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric pressure experiments have provided researchers with valuable insights into the effects of pressure changes, using various species as subjects. Notably, extensive work has been done to observe rodents subjected to hyperbaric pressure, with differing imaging modalities used as an analytical tool. Decompression puts subjects at a greater risk for injury, which often justifies conducting such experiments using animal models. Therefore, it is important to provide a broad view of previously utilized methods for decompression research to describe imaging tools available for researchers to conduct rodent decompression experiments, to prevent duplicate experimentation, and to identify significant gaps in the literature for future researchers. Through a scoping review of published literature, we will provide an overview of decompression bubble information collected from rodent experiments using various non-invasive methods of ultrasound for decompression bubble assessment. This review will adhere to methods outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Literature will be obtained from the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Extracted sources will first be sorted to a list for inclusion based on title and abstract. Two independent researchers will then conduct full-text screening to further refine included papers to those relevant to the scope. The final review manuscript will cover methods, data, and findings for each included publication relevant to non-invasive in vivo bubble imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Currens
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter Buzzacott
- Curtin School of Nursing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Virginie Papadopoulou
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Berenji Ardestani S, Matchkov VV, Hansen K, Jespersen NR, Pedersen M, Eftedal I. Extensive Simulated Diving Aggravates Endothelial Dysfunction in Male Pro-atherosclerotic ApoE Knockout Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 11:611208. [PMID: 33424633 PMCID: PMC7786538 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.611208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The average age of the diving population is rising, and the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in divers are accordingly increasing. It is an open question whether this risk is altered by diving per se. In this study, we examined the effect of 7-weeks simulated diving on endothelial function and mitochondrial respiration in atherosclerosis-prone rats. Methods Twenty-four male ApoE knockout (KO) rats (9-weeks-old) were fed a Western diet for 8 weeks before 12 rats were exposed to simulated heliox dry-diving in a pressure chamber (600 kPa for 60 min, decompression of 50 kPa/min). The rats were dived twice-weekly for 7 weeks, resulting in a total of 14 dives. The remaining 12 non-diving rats served as controls. Endothelial function of the pulmonary and mesenteric arteries was examined in vitro using an isometric myograph. Mitochondrial respiration in cardiac muscle tissues was measured using high-resolution respirometry. Results and Conclusion Both ApoE KO diving and non-diving rats showed changes in endothelial function at the end of the intervention, but the extent of these changes was larger in the diving group. Altered nitric oxide signaling was primarily involved in these changes. Mitochondrial respiration was unaltered. In this pro-atherosclerotic rat model of cardiovascular changes, extensive diving appeared to aggravate endothelial dysfunction rather than promote adaptation to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Berenji Ardestani
- MEMBRANES, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vladimir V Matchkov
- MEMBRANES, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Hansen
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Section for Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Pedersen
- Comparative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Eftedal
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Balestra C, Germonpré P, Rocco M, Biancofiore G, Kot J. Diving physiopathology: the end of certainties? Food for thought. Minerva Anestesiol 2019; 85:1129-1137. [PMID: 31238641 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.19.13618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of decompression physiopathology has slowly improved during this last decade and some uncertainties have disappeared. A better understanding of anatomy and functional aspects of patent foramen ovale (PFO) have slowly resulted in a more liberal approach toward the medical fitness to dive for those bearing a PFO. Circulating vascular gas emboli (VGE) are considered the key actors in development of decompression sickness and can be considered as markers of decompression stress indicating induction of pathophysiological processes not necessarily leading to occurrence of disease symptoms. During the last decade, it has appeared possible to influence post-dive VGE by a so-called "preconditioning" as a pre-dive denitrogenation, exercise or some pharmacological agents. In the text we have deeply examined all the scientific evidence about this complicated but challenging theme. Finally, the role of the "normobaric oxygen paradox" has been clarified and it is not surprising that it could be involved in neuroprotection and cardioprotection. However, the best level of inspired oxygen and the exact time frame to achieve optimal effect is still not known. The aim of this paper was to reflect upon the most actual uncertainties and distil out of them a coherent, balanced advice towards the researchers involved in gas-bubbles-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Balestra
- Laboratory of Environmental and Occupational (Integrative) Physiology, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant, Auderghem, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Research, Divers Alert Network Europe, Gharghur, Malta
| | - Peter Germonpré
- Laboratory of Environmental and Occupational (Integrative) Physiology, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant, Auderghem, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Research, Divers Alert Network Europe, Gharghur, Malta.,Center for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Military Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Monica Rocco
- Unit of Intensive Care, Department of Surgical and Medical Science and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy -
| | | | - Jacek Kot
- National Center of Hyperbaric Medicine in Gdynia, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Mazur A, Guernec A, Lautridou J, Dupas J, Dugrenot E, Belhomme M, Theron M, Guerrero F. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Has a Protective Effect on Decompression Sickness in Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:64. [PMID: 29545754 PMCID: PMC5838564 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Commercial divers, high altitude pilots, and astronauts are exposed to some inherent risk of decompression sickness (DCS), though the mechanisms that trigger are still unclear. It has been previously showed that diving may induce increased levels of serum angiotensin converting enzyme. The renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is one of the most important regulators of blood pressure and fluid volume. The purpose of the present study was to control the influence of angiotensin II on the appearance of DCS. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats have been pre-treated with inhibitor of angiotensin II receptor type 1 (losartan; 10 mg/kg), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (enalapril; 10 mg/kg), and calcium-entry blocker (nifedipine; 20 mg/kg). The experimental groups were treated for 4 weeks before exposure to hyperbaric pressure while controls were not treated. Seventy-five rats were subjected to a simulated dive at 1000 kPa absolute pressure for 45 min before starting decompression. Clinical assessment took place over a period of 60 min after surfacing. Blood samples were collected for measurements of TBARS, interleukin 6 (IL-6), angiotensin II (ANG II) and ACE. Results: The diving protocol induced 60% DCS in non-treated animals. This ratio was significantly decreased after treatment with enalapril, but not other vasoactive drugs. Enalapril did not change ANG II or ACE concentration, while losartant decreased post dive level of ACE but not ANG II. None of the treatment modified the effect of diving on TBARS and IL-6 values. Conclusion: Results suggests that the rennin angiotensin system is involved in a process of triggering DCS but this has to be further investigated. However, a vasorelaxation mediated process, which potentially could increase the load of inert gas during hyperbaric exposure, and antioxidant properties were excluded by our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mazur
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Anthony Guernec
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Jacky Lautridou
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Julie Dupas
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Emmanuel Dugrenot
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Marc Belhomme
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Michael Theron
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - François Guerrero
- EA4324 ORPHY, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
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LAUTRIDOU JACKY, BUZZACOTT PETER, BELHOMME MARC, DUGRENOT EMMANUEL, LAFÈRE PIERRE, BALESTRA COSTANTINO, GUERRERO FRANÇOIS. Evidence of Heritable Determinants of Decompression Sickness in Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:2433-2438. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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